Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viswanathan Saraswathi, Narendra Kumar, Weilun Ai, Thiyagarajan Gopal, Saumya Bhatt, Edward N. Harris, Geoffrey A. Talmon, Cyrus Desouza
Summary: The intake of myristic acid (MA) exacerbates obesity-associated insulin resistance, partially mediated by increased adipose tissue inflammation and secretion of resistin.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nathalie Bakker, Meave Hickey, Rebecca Shams, Cristobal F. Rivera, John Vlahos, Huib A. Cense, Ahmet Demirkiran, Bhama Ramkhelawon, Alexander P. J. Houdijk
Summary: This study examines the effects of oi-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on inflammation, macrophage number, and phenotype in the adipose tissue of obese women. The results show that a diet enriched with oi-3 PUFAs can improve the inflammatory state of the abdominal adipose tissue and reduce the number of macrophages. However, these improvements are not reflected in clinical parameters such as insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Fosch, Maria Rodriguez-Garcia, Cristina Miralpeix, Sebastian Zagmutt, Maite Larranaga, Ana Cristina Reguera, Jesus Garcia-Chica, Laura Herrero, Dolors Serra, Nuria Casals, Rosalia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
Summary: Sensing of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in the hypothalamus modulates energy balance and disruption leads to obesity. The effects of saturated or unsaturated LCFA on hypothalamic-brown adipose tissue (BAT) axis and underlying mechanisms were investigated. Unsaturated LCFA increased BAT thermogenesis through CPT1C-mediated FA metabolism shift, while saturated LCFA did not. These findings provide new insight into neuronal circuitries activated by LCFA to drive thermogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Yang, Xiaxia Cai, Yandi Zhu, Zhuo Hu, Yuchen Wei, Qinyu Dang, Yadi Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhao, Xinyin Jiang, Huanling Yu
Summary: The supplementation of oat beta-glucan during gestation in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) dams improves fetal intestinal immune development, protecting against the effects of the disease.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiahui Wang, Zhixin Zhang, Yan Lin, Juan Chen, Fangbin Wang, Lu Wang, Jian Liu, Xian Zhang
Summary: Dietary luteolin inhibits the lipolysis induced by 5-HT, preventing the development of obesity-related complications. In high-fat diet-fed mice, luteolin supplementation alleviates the occurrence of fatty liver. However, luteolin has no significant effect on body weight.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chao Cao, Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan Van Vliet, Bruce W. Patterson, Dominic N. Reeds, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: This study found that enhanced FFA clearance in people with obesity is negatively correlated with muscle insulin sensitivity, and the stimulatory effect of insulin on FFA clearance is more significant in obese individuals.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Aiany Cibelle Simoes-Alves, Ana Paula Fonseca Cabral Arcoverde-Mello, Jessica de Oliveira Campos, Almir Goncalves Wanderley, Carol Virginia Gois Leandro, Joao Henrique da Costa-Silva, Viviane de Oliveira Nogueira Souza
Summary: In recent years, the worldwide phenomenon of a nutritional transition, characterized by a shift in diet from undernutrition to the excessive consumption of hypercaloric and ultra-processed foods, has caused concerns due to the replacement of infectious and parasitic diseases with chronic and degenerative diseases. This transition has also led to the coexistence of malnutrition and obesity in the same population, posing significant health risks.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiaojiao Han, Ziyan Wang, Chenyang Lu, Jun Zhou, Ye Li, Tinghong Ming, Zhen Zhang, Zaijie Jim Wang, Xiurong Su
Summary: Anserine, a natural carnosine derivative, demonstrates anti-hyperuricaemic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting uric acid biosynthesis and promoting excretion. It also relies on the gut microbiota to alleviate hyperuricaemia, improve intestinal barrier function, and increase short-chain fatty acid production. The protective effects of anserine on hyperuricaemia can be partially mediated by the gut microbiota, making it a new and safe prebiotic material and suggesting potential development of oligopeptides.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Stefanie F. Maurer, Sebastian Dieckmann, Jens Lund, Tobias Fromme, Anne Lundby Hess, Cecilia Colson, Louise Kjolbaek, Arne Astrup, Matthew Paul Gillum, Lesli Hingstrup Larsen, Gerhard Liebisch, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Martin Klingenspor
Summary: The study suggests that dietary fish oil supplementation may enhance the recruitment of thermogenic capacity in adipocytes, but does not significantly affect body weight or adiposity.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Arner, Mikael Ryden
Summary: Recent technological advancements have allowed researchers to determine the age of fat cells and their lipids in adults. Contrary to previous beliefs, these studies have shown that fat cells have a high turnover rate of 10% per year, with their lipid droplets being replaced six times every 10 years. Obesity and having many small fat cells (hyperplasia) increase fat cell turnover. While weight gain increases both the number and size of fat cells, weight loss only affects the size (decreasing), which may contribute to weight regain. Subjects with excess body fat have reduced fat cell lipid turnover. This dysregulation is observed in the subcutaneous region in overweight individuals and in the visceral depot only in severe obesity. This helps explain why visceral fat is particularly detrimental in the overweight/obese state, as it allows for faster lipid fluxes between the visceral fat and the liver. Adipose lipid turnover decreases with age due to impaired breakdown of stored triglycerides. If this decline is not compensated by reduced lipid uptake by adipocytes, bodyweight will increase over time. Low rates of lipolysis are a risk factor for future weight gain and glucose intolerance. Adipose lipid turnover is also decreased in insulin resistance and certain forms of dyslipidemia. In summary, adult adipose tissue is highly dynamic, and alterations in fat cell and lipid turnover are novel factors to consider in the pathophysiology of common metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Gaokun Qiu, Hao Wang, Qi Yan, Hongxia Ma, Rundong Niu, Yanshou Lei, Yang Xiao, Lue Zhou, Handong Yang, Chengwei Xu, Xiaomin Zhang, Meian He, Huiru Tang, Zhibin Hu, An Pan, Hongbing Shen, Tangchun Wu
Summary: This study identified 27 lipid species associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), including 10 novel ones. The differential correlation network analysis showed significant co-regulation between oleyl chain- and palmitoyl chain-containing triacylglycerols (TAGs) before the onset of diabetes. Additionally, 13 of the 27 lipids were found to mediate the association between adiposity indicators and diabetes risk.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Y. Starikov, Roman A. Sidorov, Sergei V. Goriainov, Dmitry A. Los
Summary: Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) are highly specific enzymes that introduce double bonds into fatty acid chains. This study demonstrates the ability of Delta 6-FAD to introduce the first double bond into unsaturated substrates, regardless of the presence of previous double bonds in the fatty acid chain.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Breetha Ramaiyan, Mehrdad Zarei, Pooja Acharya, Ramaprasad Ravichandra Talahalli
Summary: The study found that consumption of a high-fat diet can lead to changes in anthropometric parameters and fertility indices, with n-3 fatty acids being more effective in modulating these changes compared to n-6 fatty acids.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Michael Francis, Changwei Li, Yitang Sun, Jingqi Zhou, Xiang Li, J. Thomas Brenna, Kaixiong Ye
Summary: Fish oil supplementation has mixed effects on circulating cardiovascular biomarkers, with genetic polymorphisms playing a role in the response of blood lipids to supplementation. This study identified four genetic loci where fish oil supplementation can modify the effects on blood lipids, highlighting the potential for personalized nutrition interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melissa Gonzalez-Soto, David M. Mutch
Summary: This review highlights that mRNA expression and activity of desaturase and elongase enzymes are influenced by various dietary components, including macronutrients, micronutrients, and polyphenols. Understanding how these components influence LC-PUFA synthesis will help further our understanding of how dietary patterns impact disease risks, from caloric excesses to micronutrient deficiencies.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)