Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aseel Ali Hasan, Elena Kalinina, Victor Tatarskiy, Alexander Shtil
Summary: Oxidative stress refers to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are by-products of aerobic respiration, causing damage to macromolecules in cells. To prevent ROS accumulation, various antioxidant defense systems have evolved, with the Trx/TrxR system being the most important. The Trx/TrxR system is used to treat cancer by reducing target proteins and generating oxidized Trx. TrxR maintains reduced Trx levels using NADPH, thus maintaining cell homeostasis.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Masaaki Ito, Ryuji Okamoto, Hiromasa Ito, Ye Zhe, Kaoru Dohi
Summary: Regulation of muscle contraction is essential in the cardiovascular system, with the interaction between myosin and actin filaments being a common mechanism. The phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain plays a crucial role in smooth muscle contraction, while in cardiac muscle, troponin C is the primary target protein for Ca2+ with RLC phosphorylation also modulating contraction. Recent advances have improved our understanding of the regulatory role of RLC phosphorylation in smooth and cardiac muscles.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinfei Wei, Wanqiu Huang, Mengjing Teng, Hao Shen, Bin Feng, Liangqiang Chen, Fan Yang, Li Wang, Shaoning Yu
Summary: The study systematically investigated the conformational changes in α-amylase induced by different ligands including metal ions, substrates, and aromatic compounds in liquor production. The results showed that interactions with active metal cations increased the exposure of active sites in α-amylase, while interactions with substrates reduced the degree of exposure and made the enzyme more rigid and compact. Inhibitory metal cations and aromatic compounds increased the exposure of active sites but reduced the enzymatic activity. These findings provide valuable insights for controlling conditions and improving production efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xiaozhao Wang, Cai Yao, Xudong Yao, Junxin Lin, Rui Li, Kun Huang, Weiming Lin, Xiaojun Long, Chao Dai, Jiajun Dong, Xuegong Yu, Wenwen Huang, Wenjian Weng, Qi Wang, Hongwei Ouyang, Kui Cheng
Summary: In this study, a light-activated molecular switch was developed on graphene/silicon substrates to regulate cell attachment/detachment behaviors. The conformational changes of ECM proteins stimulated by light illumination resulted in reduced specificity of cell surface receptor-ligand interaction, leading to dynamic regulation of cell adhesion and detachment.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuying Wang, Jing Shen, Bowen Zou, Ling Zhang, Xianbing Xu, Chao Wu
Summary: The study successfully prepared cod protein-curcumin composite particles using the pH-shift method, and found that pH 10 is the critical pH for cod protein structure unfolding. The results showed that cod protein treated at the critical pH could encapsulate more curcumin, leading to an increased encapsulation efficiency. The study indicated that the critical pH is necessary for improving the encapsulation effect.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Takashi Yazawa, Mohammad Sayful Islam, Yoshitaka Imamichi, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Kazuhide Yaegashi, Takanori Ida, Takahiro Sato, Takeshi Kitano, Shigenori Matsuzaki, Akihiro Umezawa, Yuki Muranishi
Summary: 17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type1 (HSD17B1) is responsible for converting estrone to estradiol. HSD17B1 was found to be expressed only in the human placenta, while the SP1 site in the promoter region of the HSD17B1 gene was conserved across species. However, in the ovine placenta, this SP1 site was completely methylated. HSD17B1 in humans had high activity for testosterone production, similar to other species, and the significance of placental HSD17B1 expression was discussed based on this.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikunj Raninga, Shahid M. Nayeem, Sowmiya Gupta, Ranajoy Mullick, Esha Pandita, Saumitra Das, Shashank Deep, Apurba Kumar Sau
Summary: This study investigated the role of specific tryptophan residues in influencing GMP formation in hGBP1, revealing that the W79A mutation significantly reduces GMP formation while the W81A and W180A substitutions have minor defects. Furthermore, the W114A mutation leads to enhanced GMP formation, crucial for antiviral activity against hepatitis C.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Qiaojing Huang, Luhua Lai, Zhirong Liu
Summary: Dynamic allosteric regulation refers to a type of regulation that does not involve noticeable conformational changes. By developing a unified anisotropic elastic network model, the contribution of pure dynamic allosteric regulation was quantitatively estimated. The study found that pure dynamic allosteric regulation has a generally small contribution, which decays exponentially with the distance between the substrate and the allosteric ligand. Toy models were also used to analyze the factors determining dynamic allosteric regulation in proteins.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jingjing Zhang, Shan Pan, Qibing Che, Wei Wei, Xuzhe Zhao, Junfeng Tang
Summary: This study used tuned MaxEnt models to predict the range shifts and changes in species richness and turnover of the giant panda and its sympatric mammalian species under future climate change scenarios. The results showed that a majority of these mammalian species will experience range contraction, with some species losing more suitable habitat than the giant pandas. The study also predicted net losses of mammalian species under future climate change. The most significant declines in species richness and turnovers were observed in specific mountain regions. These findings highlight the major threat that future climate change poses to the distribution and diversity of the giant panda and its sympatric mammalian species.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zhixiang Wu, Zhongjie Han, Lianci Tao, Xiaohan Sun, Jingjie Su, Jianping Hu, Chunhua Li
Summary: In this study, the allosteric mechanism of the orphan receptor GPR52 was elucidated at the atomic level using simulation and calculation methods. The results revealed the conformational regulation of GPR52 and provided detailed information on its self-activation.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Joseph Foon Yoong Hoh
Summary: The kinetics of myosin control the speed and power of muscle contraction. Mammalian skeletal muscles express twelve kinetically different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) genes, providing a wide range of muscle speeds to meet various functional demands. This review provides an overview of the historical and current views on how cell lineage, neural impulse patterns, and thyroid hormone influence MyHC gene expression in limb muscles during development and adult life, and the molecular mechanisms involved.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhisheng Zhou, Miao Zhu, Guowen Zhang, Xing Hu, Junhui Pan
Summary: The study found that the interaction of 5-HMF with beta-casein leads to partial unfolding of beta-casein conformation, resulting in increased surface hydrophobicity and emulsifiability, decreased emulsification stability, and reduced solubility of beta-casein.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuhi Hosoe, Yohei Miyanoiri, Suyong Re, Saki Ochi, Yuya Asahina, Toru Kawakami, Masataka Kuroda, Kenji Mizuguchi, Masayuki Oda
Summary: Conformational changes in protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for understanding the rational design of PPI-regulating compounds. In this study, the interaction between the N-terminal SH2 domain (nSH2) of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and the cytoplasmic region of CD28 was investigated using NMR and molecular dynamics simulations. The results revealed allosteric changes and conformational exchange upon CD28 binding, which correlated with the regulation of PI3K catalytic function. MD simulations provided further insights into the structural dynamics of nSH2 and CD28.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donald. B. B. Bloch, Claire. O. O. Sinow, Andrew. J. J. Sauer, Benjamin H. P. Corman
Summary: In this study, the interactions between components of P-bodies were investigated using a fluorescence-based two-hybrid assay. It was found that LSm14a, PATL1, XRN1, and NBDY interact with the N-terminal portion of EDC4, which contains WD40 domains. The N-terminus of PATL1 mediates the interaction between EDC4 and DDX6.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paige K. Arnold, Lydia W. S. Finley
Summary: The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is a central metabolic pathway that oxidizes nutrients to support cellular energy production. Recent studies have shown that the TCA cycle is dynamic and can be utilized in cancer and other pathological states. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the TCA cycle, including its origins, discovery, requirements for sustained function, and regulatory nodes. It also discusses recent advances in understanding the flexibility and heterogeneity of TCA cycle activity in mammalian cells, emphasizing the importance of differential regulation and configuration to meet the specific requirements of distinct cell states.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)