Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica E. Schwarz, Anna N. King, Cynthia T. Hsu, Annika F. Barber, Amita Sehgal
Summary: The study demonstrates that hugin(+) neurons play a critical role in regulating sleep homeostasis by integrating circadian and sleep signals to modulate circadian circuitry and regulate the timing of sleep. Sleep deprivation reduces the activity of hugin(+) neurons, while ablation of these neurons increases sleep promoted by activation of the homeostatic sleep locus, the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB). This suggests a complex interaction between sleep and circadian rhythms mediated by hugin(+) neurons.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph L. Bedont, Anna Kolesnik, Pavel Pivarshev, Dania Malik, Cynthia T. Hsu, Aalim Weljie, Amita Sehgal
Summary: Chronic sleep loss has significant effects on metabolic health and lifespan. The metabolic consequences of chronically reduced sleep were investigated in three adult Drosophila short-sleeping mutants. The results suggest that nitrogen stress could be a mechanism linking chronic sleep loss to adverse health outcomes and potentially connecting food and sleep homeostasis at the cellular level in healthy organisms.
Article
Biology
Tomas Andreani, Clark Rosensweig, Shiju Sisobhan, Emmanuel Ogunlana, William Kath, Ravi Allada
Summary: This study reveals the circuit and molecular mechanisms by which discrete circadian clock neurons program a homeostatic sleep center in fruit flies. The effects of sleep deprivation depend on morning and evening clock neurons, independent of their roles in circadian locomotor activity. Higher morning rebound and elevated gene and protein expression levels as well as calcium levels in sleep homeostat neurons suggest regulation by clock circuits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel J. Belfer, Alexander G. Bashaw, Michael L. Perlis, Matthew S. Kayser
Summary: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can have impacts on individuals with psychiatric disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia involves restricting sleep opportunity to enhance sleep ability and opportunity matching.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Riho Kobayashi, Shin Nakane, Jun Tomita, Hiromasa Funato, Masashi Yanagisawa, Kazuhiko Kume
Summary: Sleep behavior is observed across species from non-vertebrates to humans. A mutation in the Sik3 gene, known as Sik3-SA, has been found to increase sleep in mice and fruit flies. Further research revealed that overexpression of Sik3-SA in all neurons increased sleep, while overexpression only in PDF neurons affected the circadian rhythm and increased sleep during subjective daytime.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marie Boulain, Wei Yuan, Zied Oueghlani, Ines Khsime, Vianney Salvi, Gilles Courtand, Christophe Halgand, Didier Morin, Philippe Deurwaerdere, Gregory Barriere, Laurent Juvin
Summary: In newborn rats, L-DOPA increases the occurrence of air-stepping activity without affecting movement characteristics. L-DOPA administration increases the spinal content of dopamine in a dose-dependent manner. Injection of 5-HTP increases the spinal serotonin content but does not trigger air-stepping. The two precursors counteract each other for the production of serotonin and dopamine when administered as a cocktail, leading to decreased synthesis of these neurotransmitters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ankit Sharma, Kavyashree Narasimha, Ravi Manjithaya, Vasu Sheeba
Summary: This study investigates whether autophagy induction can rescue circadian and sleep defects caused by mutant HTT protein. The researchers expressed human mutant HTT protein in specific Drosophila neurons and found that targeted overexpression of the autophagy gene Atg8a partially rescued several HTT-induced behavioral defects. Surprisingly, while behavior was improved, the visible aggregates of mutant HTT protein were not eliminated, suggesting that autophagy could enhance neuronal output and strengthen downstream circuits.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Xinyan Zhang, Jian-Sheng Lin, Karen Spruyt
Summary: The research reviewed the sleep studies of animal models of RTT and found disruptions in sleep patterns across genetically mutated models, similar to sleep complaints reported in individuals with RTT. Further studies are needed to explore EEG alterations and sleep apnea mechanisms in different sleep stages.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yahong Wang, Hongying Zhang, Ziyan Zhang, Boqun Sun, Chao Tang, Lu Zhang, Zhihao Jiang, Bo Ding, Yanyan Liao, Peng Cai
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation can affect the activity, sleep, and gene expression of Drosophila offspring, leading to increased heat stress response, altered expression of circadian clock and neurotransmitter genes.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Susan T. Harbison
Summary: Selective breeding is a unique strategy that explores the phenotypic limits of sleep and circadian behavior, discovers correlated traits, identifies genetic variants and gene expression changes that affect trait variability, and pinpoints genes with conserved roles.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dick R. Nassel, Shun-Fan Wu
Summary: Neuropeptides are diverse messenger molecules involved in regulating daily physiology and behaviors in metazoans. CCK/SK signaling plays important roles in satiety, feeding, gustatory sensitivity, locomotor activity, aggression, and reproductive behavior in both mammals and invertebrates, although the underlying mechanisms may differ.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus K. Klose, Paul J. Shaw
Summary: Recent studies have shown that high sleep pressure can quickly reprogram large ventrolateral clock neurons to express specific receptors, leading to increased waking and early mating success. This receptor respecification mechanism involves dopamine receptors and activation of transcriptional regulator proteins.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Annika F. Barber, Shi Yi Fong, Anna Kolesnik, Michael Fetchko, Amita Sehgal
Summary: Regulation of circadian behavior and physiology by the Drosophila brain clock requires communication from central clock neurons to downstream output regions. Morning and evening clock neurons have time-of-day-dependent connectivity to the pars intercerebralis, which is regulated by specific peptides and fast neurotransmitters. This study provides insights into mechanisms by which clock neurons signal to nonclock cells to drive rhythms of behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Elaine Pinggal, Paul M. Dockree, Redmond G. O'Connell, Mark A. Bellgrove, Thomas Andrillon
Summary: Sustained attention is modulated by arousal, and the intrusion of sleep-like slow waves during wakefulness may lead to attentional lapses. Pharmacological manipulations of the monoamine system showed effects on behavioral outcomes of sustained attention, improving performance, increasing impulsivity, or leading to missed trials. Specific slow waves patterns were associated with both misses and faster responses, suggesting a potential mechanistic link between decreased arousal and impulsivity or sluggishness.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si-Ke He, Jia-Hao Wang, Tao Li, Shan Yin, Jian-Wei Cui, Yun-Fei Xiao, Yin Tang, Jia Wang, Yun-Jin Bai
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and kidney stone disease (KSD), summarizing the risk factors and treatment methods. The results indicate that KSD is associated with systemic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis, and some chronotherapies have been proven effective.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)