Article
Immunology
Maria Amparo Assis, David Diaz, Rosa Ferrado, Carmelo Antonio Avila-Zarza, Eduardo Weruaga, Emilio Ambrosio
Summary: Peripheral immune system, particularly CD4(+) T cells, play a significant role in drug addiction and relapse, impacting vulnerability and resilience mechanisms. Understanding individual susceptibility and resistance can lead to personalized treatment strategies to prevent relapse.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jin H. Yoon, Robert Suchting, Constanza de Dios, Jessica N. Vincent, Sarah A. McKay, Scott D. Lane, Joy M. Schmitz
Summary: This study used the CocPT task to assess changes in cocaine demand during CM treatment, finding that the probability of being a zero-responder increased for treatment responders, and demand data decreased for non-responders, showing a positive impact of CM treatment on responders.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Shadab Forouzan, Steven J. Nieto, Therese A. Kosten
Summary: Chronic cocaine exposure has differential neural effects in Fischer 344 (F344) vs Lewis inbred rats, with prior exposure leading to persistence of responding during extinction in F344 but not Lewis rats. This suggests that genetic factors may play a role in relapse-like behaviors.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shiqiu Meng, Wei Yan, Xiaoxing Liu, Yimiao Gong, Shanshan Tian, Ping Wu, Yan Sun, Jie Shi, Lin Lu, Kai Yuan, Yanxue Xue
Summary: This study demonstrates that social interaction with a relapsed partner increases drug seeking behavior in rats, while interaction with an unrelapsed partner or relapsed stranger has no effect on cocaine seeking. Additionally, the impact of social interaction on drug seeking behavior can last for at least 1 day.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa M. Powell, Julien Leider, Vanessa M. Oddo
Summary: This study examined the impact of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax by analyzing changes in sugar sold from taxed and untaxed beverages, sweets, and stand-alone sugar post implementation. Results showed a 23% reduction in sugar sold from taxed beverages, with a 4% increase in sugar sold from untaxed beverages and sweets. Stand-alone sugar sales remained unchanged.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Wydra, Kacper Witek, Agata Suder, Malgorzata Filip
Summary: This study found that esketamine can regulate cocaine-seeking behavior and has the potential to be a pharmacological treatment for cocaine use disorder. Further research is needed to better understand the actions of esketamine.
Article
Neurosciences
Marilyn E. Carroll, Ben Dougen, Natalie E. Zlebnik, Lydia Fess, John Smethells
Summary: This study found that voluntary wheel running can reduce cocaine craving after short-term and long-term abstinence periods in male rats. This is in contrast to previous findings in female rats, where wheel running only reduced cocaine seeking behavior after a 30-day abstinence period.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shayna L. O'Connor, Gary Aston-Jones, Morgan H. James
Summary: Heightened sensation seeking is associated with an increased risk of substance use disorder, with high responder rats showing quicker acquisition of drug self-administration and consumption compared to low responders. However, the high responder trait does not necessarily confer higher addiction behavior, but may require intermittent drug intake to actuate. This trait by state interaction produces a strong addiction-like phenotype in rats.
Article
Economics
Yemei Li, Yanfei Shan, Shuang Ling
Summary: The study designed a conservation-oriented supply chain based on the status quo of festival food waste, involving a single-cycle food supply chain with two players. By comparing centralized and decentralized supply chain models, the research explored optimal production and pricing strategies.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sasha L. Fulton, Swarup Mitra, Ashley E. Lepack, Jennifer A. Martin, Andrew F. Stewart, Jacob Converse, Mason Hochstetler, David M. Dietz, Ian Maze
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of the histone post-translational modification H3Q5dop in cocaine and heroin addiction, showing its role in persistent transcriptional events and plasticity in reward relevant brain regions.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jessica Aschemann-Witzel, Maureen Schulze
Summary: Changing diets toward more plant-based on a large scale could greatly reduce humanity's impact on the environment. However, behavior change, especially regarding ingrained and socially dependent behaviors like food choice, tends to be slow. The concept of societal tipping points offers a potential for rapid changes. This review explores theories and recent research insights to suggest that both short-term and long-term actions are needed to facilitate the shift towards more plant-based diets.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zella King, Joseph Farrington, Martin Utley, Enoch Kung, Samer Elkhodair, Steve Harris, Richard Sekula, Jonathan Gillham, Kezhi Li, Sonya Crowe
Summary: Machine learning for hospital operations is not well studied. In this study, a prediction pipeline using live electronic health records from a UK teaching hospital's emergency department was developed to generate short-term probabilistic forecasts of emergency admissions. The models achieved good predictive performance depending on the elapsed visit time at the point of prediction.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Rebecca S. Hofford
Summary: Social isolation can lead to increased food and nicotine-seeking during abstinence, but social housing has been found to reverse these effects.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Mohamud Hussein, Cherry Law, Iain Fraser
Summary: This analysis of household level food demand in Somalia reveals the sensitivity of household food consumption to income shocks, especially for animal products. Exogenous income shocks may lead to a less diversified diet with more emphasis on cereals, resulting in negative macronutrient implications and increased risk of malnutrition. Improving food security is critical for Somalia's economic recovery and resilience in the future.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaoran Li, Jiahao Jiang, Qiao Wang, Li Zhu, Wei Jia, Xinyu Chen, Yu Zhang
Summary: Acrylamide, a probable carcinogen, has been widely used and detected in water treatment and thermal processing foods. A physiologically based toxicokinetics (PBTK) model has been developed to accurately estimate the internal dosimetry and metabolic process of acrylamide intake in humans.