Article
Engineering, Marine
Weiyun Chen, Dan Wang, Lingyu Xu, Zhenyu Lv, Zhihua Wang, Hongmei Gao
Summary: This study investigated the stability of foundation trench under solitary wave loading using a 2-D integrated numerical model. Various factors such as soil strength parameters, slope ratio, and current direction were examined for their effects on slope stability. Additionally, the influence of upper slope ratio in a two-stage slope was discussed.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Qingyin Zhang, Zhao Wang, Yufei Yao, Weibo Kong, Zhongna Zhao, Mingan Shao, Xiaorong Wei
Summary: Deforestation can lead to severe losses of soil nutrients, but the impacts of slope morphology and position on the spatial distributions of soil nutrients after deforestation are not well understood. This study in the hilly Loess Plateau region of China found that slope morphology and position significantly influenced the distributions of soil nutrients, highlighting their importance in predicting soil nutrient responses to deforestation.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Weiyun Chen, Linchong Huang, Dan Wang, Chao Liu, Lingyu Xu, Zhi Ding
Summary: This study analyzes the stability of trench slope using numerical simulation and observational data. The influences of siltation and desiltation on stability are considered, and key factors are determined through sensitivity analysis. The research results are of great significance for practical engineering design.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Chuanfa Chen, Jiaojiao Guo, Huiming Wu, Yanyan Li, Bo Shi
Summary: This study compared the performance of five representative filtering algorithms on study sites with different terrain characteristics, showing that SMRF is most effective in urban areas and MHF excels in forest areas. Both SMRF and MHF maintain a good balance between type I and II errors, resulting in DEMs that are similar to reference data.
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Weiyun Chen, Chenglin Liu, Rui He, Guoxing Chen, Dongsheng Jeng, Lunliang Duan
Summary: A 2D integrated model is proposed to investigate the stability of submarine artificial slopes under combined wave and current loading. By analyzing the factor of stability and conducting parametric analysis, the effects of soil strength parameters, slope ratio, and current direction on slope stability are discussed in detail. The model is validated through comparisons with experimental data and analytical solutions.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Chen Liang, Wei Wang, Liang Dong, Irum Mukhtar, Fengping Wang, Jianming Chen
Summary: A new species of Protocruzia, Protocruzia marianaensis sp. n., has been discovered in the deep-sea Pacific Ocean near the Mariana Trench, exhibiting characteristics of a small drop-shaped ciliate with barotolerance and close relation to known Protocruzia species.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Lei Jin, Zhuorui Tang, Long Chen, Guijiu Xie, Zhanglong Chen, Wei Wei, Jianghua Fan, Xiaoliang Gong, Ming Zhang
Summary: Trench sidewall modification processes were utilized to enhance the electrical performance of silicon power devices in large-scale production. Effects on morphology, structure, and electrical properties were investigated. Improved sidewall profiles and enhanced gate oxide uniformity led to lower leakage current and overall yield enhancement of device properties in silicon wafer fabrication.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hui Zhao, Xiaobing Shen, Wei Leng
Summary: The study used a 3-D dynamic subduction model to investigate the influence of overriding plate strength, initial slab-pull force, and initial cusp angle on the evolution of subduction cusps. The results show that subduction cusps tend to become smooth and disappear during the subduction process, and the slab dip angle is influenced by the cuspate corner angle. The asymmetric distribution of overriding plate strength and initial slab-pull force determines the asymmetric evolutionary pathway of subduction cusps.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Siao-Cheng Yan, Chen-Han Wu, Chong-Jhe Sun, Yi-Wen Lin, Yi-Ju Yao, Yung-Chun Wu
Summary: The use of trench structures in ferroelectric Fin field-effect transistors improved electrical characteristics and suppressed short channel effects, resulting in higher performance compared to conventional FinFETs.
Article
Geology
Audrey Recouvreur, Natacha Fabregas, Thierry Mulder, Vincent Hanquiez, Kelly Fauquembergue, Elsa Tournadour, Herve Gillet, Jean Borgomano, Emmanuelle Poli, Jean-Baptiste Kucharski, Stanislas Wilk
Summary: This study utilizes a large acoustic data set acquired during the Carambar cruises to analyze the morphology and sediment transfer processes of the north-eastern slope of the Little Bahama Bank. The research reveals a variety of sedimentary processes along and across the slope, with the western sector dominated by depositional processes and the eastern sector affected by erosion and bypass processes. The datasets suggest that currents play a significant role in both along-slope sedimentary processes and in the abyssal plain.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mukti M. Maruf, Maulin B. Hade, Permana Haryadi
Summary: The uplift mechanisms of the forearc high and the formation of the forearc basin in the oblique Sumatra subduction system are attributed to flexural uplift, basin inversion, older accretion wedge uplift, and backthrust. The interplay between trenchward-vergent thrusts and arcward-vergent backthrusts plays a major role in the uplift of the forearc high. The present-day morphology of the forearc high and forearc basin is related to the uplift of the accretionary wedge and overlying forearc basin sediments during Pliocene.
PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
William D. D. Heyman, Eloy Cuevas, Nicanor Requena, Dennis Garbutt, Derek Bolser, Beverly Wade, Miriam Olivares, Shinichi Kobara, Nicholas Welbrock, Ana Salceda, Kyle McCain, Bjorn Kjerfve
Summary: The Cayman Crown is a resilient coral reef ecosystem discovered in the deep-water channel between Belize and Guatemala. Sonar data was collected to map the bathymetry and describe the unique reef morphology and resilience. This data supported the establishment of newly declared marine reserves.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Kun Fang, Pengju An, Huiming Tang, Jinming Tu, Shixun Jia, Minghao Miao, Ao Dong
Summary: The study introduced a multi-smartphone measurement system for measuring the 3D surface deformation of slope models, which showed high accuracy in both static and dynamic models. Processed by postprocessing software, the system demonstrated potential as a popular method for measuring slope models.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Koichiro Obana, Tsutomu Takahashi, Yojiro Yamamoto, Takeshi Iinuma, Yasuyuki Nakamura, Gou Fujie, Seiichi Miura, Shuichi Kodaira
Summary: Since the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, multiple normal faults have been observed to be involved in outer-rise earthquakes along the Japan Trench. Detailed observations during three M6-class earthquakes in 2017 provided information on fault configurations, indicating the possibility of complex fault geometry in large outer-rise earthquakes and associated tsunamis.
PROGRESS IN EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geology
Craig R. Sloss, Stephanie Tillquist, Sarah McGill, Tiah Penny, Craig Ballington, Luke Nothdurft, Jessica Trofimovs, Mark J. Lawrence, Christoph E. Schrank
Summary: This study provides a detailed sedimentological, stratigraphic and depositional model for the lower Whakataki Formation, revealing that the turbidite successions were deposited as dilute low-density turbidity currents transporting sediment downslope. The textural and compositional immaturity, combined with the high carbonaceous and carbonate content of the clastic sediments, indicates a proximal detrital input.flows entering the structurally confined basin were deflected to the north-northeast, producing paleoflow along the basin axis and represent deposition in the early stages of trench-slope basin development.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
C. Peirce, I Grevemeyer, N. W. Hayman, H. J. A. Van Avendonk
Summary: The Swan Islands transform fault marks the southern boundary of the Cayman Trough in the Caribbean and represents the ocean-continent transition of the Honduras continental margin. The CAYSEIS experiment reveals the crustal structure of an actively evolving transform continental margin and the nature of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the ridge-transform intersection (RTI).
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yu Ren, Jacob Geersen, Ingo Grevemeyer
Summary: Oceanic transform faults (OTFs) are an integral part of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics. A new study has systematically quantified the variations in transform morphology and their dependence on spreading rate and age-offset. The research found that the length, width, and depth of OTFs are more systematically correlated with age-offset than spreading rate. This supports recent geodynamic models that propose cross-transform extension scaling with age-offset as a key process in transform dynamics. Furthermore, OTFs with larger age-offsets tend to have longer, wider, and deeper valleys on a global scale.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geology
Ingo Grevemeyer, Cesar R. Ranero, Cord Papenberg, Valenti Sallares, Rafael Bartolome, Manel Prada, Luis Batista, Marta Neres
Summary: Studies based on the continent-to-ocean transition in the Iberia Abyssal Plain suggest that exhumed mantle abuts extended continental crust, with the J anomaly occurring over subdued basement, indicating the onset of magma-starved seafloor spreading. The region is asymmetric with respect to its conjugate margin, implying that the majority of mantle exhumation occurs off Iberia.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Laura Gomez de la Pena, Eulalia Gracia, Francesco Emanuele Maesano, Roberto Basili, Heidrun Kopp, Cristina Sanchez-Serra, Antonio Scala, Fabrizio Romano, Manuela Volpe, Alessio Piatanesi, Cesar R. Ranero
Summary: This study assesses the major active faults in the westernmost Mediterranean and finds that they have a significant seismic and tsunamigenic potential. Accurate descriptions of the geometry and seismic source parameters of these fault systems were obtained using modern seismic data and seafloor mapping studies. Tsunami scenarios reveal that the reverse Alboran Ridge Fault System has the greatest tsunamigenic potential.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuhan Li, Ingo Grevemeyer, Haibo Huang, Xuelin Qiu, Louisa Murray-Bergquist
Summary: This study presents a detailed crustal model of the Zhongsha Block in the South China Sea, revealing distinct geological features based on variations in the V-P/V-S ratio, which are crucial for understanding crustal composition and tectonic processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
C. Xu, R. A. Dunn, A. B. Watts, D. J. Shillington, I Grevemeyer, L. Gomez de la Pena, B. B. Boston
Summary: This paper presents results of a study on the Emperor Seamounts, a component of the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain, using an active-source wide-angle reflection and refraction experiment. The study examines the volcanic structure, magma supply, plume-crust interaction, flexural loading, and upper mantle rheology. The findings suggest that Jimmu guyot, a part of the seamount chain, was mainly built through extrusive processes. Gravity modeling verifies the velocity model, and plate flexure modeling indicates an effective elastic thickness of about 14 km. The study also finds no evidence of large-scale magmatic underplating beneath the pre-existing crust.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Morelia Urlaub, Jacob Geersen, Florian Petersen, Felix Gross, Alessandro Bonforte, Sebastian Krastel, Heidrun Kopp
Summary: The study aims to determine the locations and the morpho-tectonic structures of the boundaries of the submerged unstable southeastern flank of Mount Etna in Italy. While the southern boundary has been identified with confidence, the northern and distal boundaries are less clear, with hypotheses presented. Geophysical imaging suggests that the offshore Timpe Fault System may be a result of extensional deformation within the moving flank.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peng Guo, Satish C. Singh, Venkata A. Vaddineni, Ingo Grevemeyer, Erdinc Saygin
Summary: Oceanic crust is formed through a combination of magmatic and tectonic processes, with the formation of the lower crust still under debate. Seismic data from young crust formed at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reveal alternating layers of high and low velocities, with the uppermost low-velocity layer associated with hydrothermal alteration. The layering supports the intrusion of melt as sills at different depths to form the lower crust, indicating a stable process of lower crustal accretion.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Ma, Jacob Geersen, Dietrich Lange, Dirk Klaeschen, Ingo Grevemeyer, Eduardo Contreras-Reyes, Florian Petersen, Michael Riedel, Yueyang Xia, Anne M. Trehu, Heidrun Kopp
Summary: The updip limit of seismic rupture plays a major role in determining the size of a tsunami caused by a megathrust earthquake. Using seismic reflection data, researchers have found that the rupture area of the 2014 Iquique earthquake in offshore Northern Chile was characterized by low fluid pressure, while north and updip of the rupture area, there was excess fluid pressure. This knowledge can help assess the potential for future shallow rupture and improve understanding of the physical state of shallow plate boundaries.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geology
Zhikui Guo, Sibiao Liu, Lars Ruepke, Ingo Grevemeyer, Jason P. Morgan, Dietrich Lange, Yu Ren, Chunhui Tao
Summary: Recent research shows that the crust in oceanic transform faults is thinner than in adjacent fracture zones, challenging the concept of transform faults as conservative plate boundaries. This study also reveals the addition of secondary magmatic material at the transition to passive fracture zones.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eduardo Contreras-Reyes, Sebastian Obando-Orrego, Ingo Grevemeyer
Summary: This study uses simultaneous P- and S-wave data to investigate the seismic structure of the oceanic crust. The results show different seismic properties at different locations, indicating hydrothermal alteration and compaction processes. The abrupt change in seismic properties at the layer 2/3 transition is attributed to epidotization and crack-change properties.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yu Ren, Dietrich Lange, Ingo Grevemeyer
Summary: The Blanco transform fault system (BTFS) off Oregon is highly segmented without prominent fracture zones longer than 100 km. The western part is focused at deep troughs, while the eastern part lacks a transform valley and instead developed the Blanco Ridge. The BTFS can be divided into an eastern mature transform system and a western immature transform system that is still evolving.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuhan Li, Ingo Grevemeyer, Shuichi Kodaira, Gou Fujie
Summary: The seismic and velocity models of the Izu arc-backarc system reveal the processes of crustal formation and subduction zone recycling in the mantle. The study shows that basaltic volcanism plays a crucial role in the transformation process from arc to continental crust, while rhyolitic volcanism may relate to the juvenile stage of arc evolution or the remelting of middle crust. Additionally, mafic restite and cumulates have delaminated and formed extremely low mantle velocities, and the lack of high velocities in the lower crust of the Shikoku Basin rules out hydrous melts or anomalous mantle trapped during subduction zone reconfiguration.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yueyang Xia, Dirk Klaeschen, Heidrun Kopp, Michael Schnabel
Summary: Accurate subsurface velocity models are crucial for geological interpretations. This study proposes a method using residual move-out analysis in common image point gathers and non-rigid matching to estimate depth errors for updating velocity models. By calculating a locally smooth displacement field from gather matching, the method improves the accuracy of depth error picks with arbitrary shapes and leads to more accurate interpretations of complex geological structures.