Article
Cell Biology
Qiuhong Xiong, Rong Feng, Sarah Fischer, Malte Karow, Maria Stumpf, Susanne Messling, Leonie Nitz, Stefan Mueller, Christoph S. Clemen, Ning Song, Ping Li, Changxin Wu, Ludwig Eichinger
Summary: Autophagy and the ubiquitin proteasome system are two major processes for protein and organelle clearance in eukaryotic cells. ATG9 and ATG16 proteins were found to be crucial for proteasomal activity in Dictyostelium discoideum. Mutant cells showed decreased proteasomal activity, increased poly-ubiquitinated proteins, and the presence of protein aggregates.
Article
Immunology
Tresa Rani Sarraf, Malini Sen
Summary: This study demonstrates the crucial role of Wnt5A signaling in antigen processing and CD8 T cell activation. The results show that Wnt5A signaling regulates actin and proteasome dynamics to support antigen processing and presentation, and depletion of Wnt5A leads to impaired antigen processing and reduced CD8 T cell activation. These findings highlight the importance of Wnt5A in cell-mediated immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Won-Hee Song, Dalen Zuidema, Young-Joo Yi, Michal Zigo, Zhibing Zhang, Miriam Sutovsky, Peter Sutovsky
Summary: The early events of post-fertilization sperm mitophagy observed in porcine zygote can be reconstituted in a cell-free system, providing a valuable tool for identifying additional molecules that regulate mitochondrial inheritance in mammals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keren Friedman, Ofri Karmon, Uri Fridman, Yair Goldberg, Ophry Pines, Shay Ben-Aroya
Summary: Previous studies have shown that dysfunctional yeast proteasomes accumulate in the insoluble protein deposit (IPOD) and are prone to proteasome ubiquitination. However, our study reveals that only soluble proteasomes are targeted for autophagy, challenging the previous belief that sequestered proteasomes in IPOD are the substrates for proteaphagy. Moreover, the IPOD serves as an alternative pathway for the removal of inactive proteasomes that are not cleared by proteaphagy. This suggests that the relocalization of proteasomes to soluble aggregates is a crucial step in proteasome recycling through autophagy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Ruano
Summary: Aging is a progressive and irreversible biological process that leads to an increase in morbidity due to physiological deterioration. As the global population ages, the incidence of age-related pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders is expected to rise. Cellular proteostasis disruption is a key feature of normal aging and is believed to play a role in the development of age-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Jerrold M. Ward, Peter Vogel, John P. Sundberg
Summary: This study describes the histopathological findings of brain and spinal cord in 20-month-old mice from 28 inbred Jackson Laboratory mouse strains. Common lesions include axonal dystrophy in the sensory tract of the dorsal medulla and mineralization in the thalamus. Most strains showed evidence of impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and/or suspected autophagy.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sahaja Aigal, Ramin Omidvar, Kai Stober, Jessica Ziegelbauer, Thorsten Eierhoff, Janik Niklas Schampera, Winfried Roemer, Carsten Schwan
Summary: Septin GTPases are involved in host-pathogen interactions and can prevent the invasion of bacteria by forming a rigid barrier.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tsukasa Nakatoh, Takuji Osaki, Sohma Tanimoto, Md Golam Sarowar Jahan, Tomohisa Kawakami, Kentaro Chihara, Nobuyuki Sakai, Shigehiko Yumura
Summary: Two innovative methods are described for fabricating a substrate that enables the control of cell adhesion to specific areas. These methods effectively confine cells within the adhesive region and allow for the observation of new aspects of cell behavior.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomoko Okada, Toshihiko Ogura
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial intracellular self-devouring system that relies on various autophagy-related proteins. Researchers used a novel scanning electron-assisted dielectric microscope to observe cells containing LC3 and Atg12-containing autophagosomes, revealing differences in the localization and distribution of these proteins during formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gregoire Quinet, Wendy Xolalpa, Diana Reyes-Garau, Nuria Profitos-Peleja, Mikel Azkargorta, Laurie Ceccato, Maria Gonzalez-Santamarta, Maria Marsal, Jordi Andilla, Fabienne Aillet, Francesc Bosch, Felix Elortza, Pablo Loza-Alvarez, Brigitte Sola, Olivier Coux, Rune Matthiesen, Gael Roue, Manuel S. Rodriguez
Summary: The research identified an enrichment of autophagy-lysosome system (ALS) components in bortezomib (BTZ)-resistant cells in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients. By blocking proteaphagy, the normal proteasomal activity was reactivated and the BTZ antitumor effect was restored in vitro and in vivo models of BTZ resistance. These findings suggest a proteolytic switch from the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to ALS in B-cell lymphoma refractory to proteasome inhibition, opening up new therapeutic avenues for treatment-resistant tumors.
Article
Biology
Lyudmil Raykov, Manon Mottet, Jahn Nitschke, Thierry Soldati
Summary: Cells have mechanisms to repair or remove damaged membranes, but little is known about how the damage is sensed and how damaged organelles are marked. In this study using Dictyostelium discoideum, a conserved E3 ligase called TrafE was found to be recruited to intracellular compartments that were disrupted after infection or damage. TrafE plays a crucial role in recruiting ESCRT subunits to the damaged sites, and its absence impairs xenophagy restriction and membrane damage repair, leading to cell death.
Article
Cell Biology
Kehan Wang, Feifei Kong, Yuexin Qiu, Tao Chen, Jiayi Fu, Xin Jin, Youqiang Su, Yayun Gu, Zhibin Hu, Jing Li
Summary: Sertoli cells provide a nurturing environment for germ cell development and maturation, and the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) in Sertoli cells is unclear. Deleting the Pik3c3 gene specifically in Sertoli cells resulted in infertility, disrupted Sertoli cell polarity, and impaired spermiogenesis. Accumulation of SCIN caused the disorganization of the F-actin cytoskeleton, while accumulated HDAC6 deacetylated SCIN, leading to a disorganized F-actin cytoskeleton.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian Schmitz, Birgit Stute, Sarah Taeuber, Dietrich Kohlheyer, Eric von Lieres, Alexander Gruenberger
Summary: This paper presents an easy-to-implement cell retention concept to prevent cells from leaving microfluidic cultivation chambers, enabling reliable single-cell growth studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Shannon G. Klein, Alexandra Steckbauer, Samhan M. Alsolami, Silvia Arossa, Anieka J. Parry, Mo Li, Carlos M. Duarte
Summary: This article discusses the importance of characterizing, controlling, and reporting environmental conditions in mammalian cell cultures for biomedical research. The underreporting of critical parameters affecting cell culture environments is identified as a serious problem, and guidelines and recommendations for improvement are provided.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Adam M. Nock, Tina R. Clark, Ted Hackstadt
Summary: Genetic evidence suggests that the motility of spotted fever group Rickettsia is a regulated process, and serial passage in cell culture may cause the bacteria to lose non-conserved essential genes.