Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Denise D. Belsham, Prasad S. Dalvi
Summary: Insulin plays a critical role in brain function, affecting energy balance and body weight. Insulin resistance can lead to obesity and other serious health issues. Targeting neuron-specific therapeutics may offer hope for treating these conditions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Letycia dos Santos Neves, Renata Kelly Gomes Oliveira, Lucimeire Santana dos Santos, Ingrid Oliveira Ribeiro, Jairza Maria Barreto Barreto-Medeiros, Rhowena Jane Barbosa Matos
Summary: This systematic review discusses the relationship between AMPK and hypothalamic neuropeptides in controlling eating behavior. The study found that a decrease in AMPK activity is associated with a decrease in food intake, and glucose, thyroid hormones, estradiol, leptin, and ghrelin can modulate AMPK activity.
Article
Fisheries
Ana Basto, Luisa M. P. Valente, Marta Conde-Sieira, Jose L. Soengas
Summary: The study showed that replacing fishmeal (FM) with defatted Tenebrio molitor (dTM) larvae meal up to 80% did not impact food intake or central homeostatic regulation in European sea bass.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mauro Chivite, Rosa M. Ceinos, Jose M. Cerda-Reverter, Jose L. Soengas, Manuel Aldegunde, Marcos A. Lopez-Patino, Jesus M. Miguez
Summary: This study investigated changes in brain serotonin content, activity, and hypothalamic neuropeptide mRNA abundance during feeding time in rainbow trout, as well as the effects of fasting. The results showed that serotonin increased during feeding and remained elevated during the postprandial period. This increase was associated with higher levels of pomca1 mRNA, suggesting that serotonin may promote satiety by acting on neuropeptides. However, further research is needed to better understand the interaction between serotonin and brain centers involved in processing food-related signals.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Mathilde C. C. Guillaumin, Denis Burdakov
Summary: Most studies of neural circuit connectivity focus on millisecond-scale interactions mediated by classical fast transmitters, while overlooking the slow-acting peptide transmitters in the brain. Neuropeptides can efficiently implement sustained neural circuit connectivity and have unique advantages for efficient neuronal processing and feedback control of consciousness. The sustained actions of neuropeptides on neuronal membrane potential may enable core brain functions and the creation of lasting permissive signals for context-dependent information routing and plasticity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Satoshi Ogawa, Ishwar S. Parhar
Summary: Vertebrate reproduction is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, with GnRH and kisspeptin neurons exhibiting high levels of heterogeneity. While the molecular basis of this heterogeneity remains unknown, the biological and physiological significance in reproductive biology is not fully understood.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fiona O'Brien, Claire H. Feetham, Caroline A. Staunton, Kathryn Hext, Richard Barrett-Jolley
Summary: The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V Member 4 (Trpv4) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus plays an important role in temperature sensitivity of PVN neurons, affecting their activity frequency. At physiological temperatures, the activity frequency of PVN neurons is primarily regulated by Trpm2 channels, while at room temperature, it is mainly regulated by reduced Trpv4 activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael P. Greenwood, Mingkwan Greenwood, Soledad Barez-Lopez, Joe W. Hawkins, Katherine Short, Danijela Tatovic, David Murphy
Summary: This study identifies the role of CREB3L1 in coordinating vasopressin synthesis and release, and demonstrates that GLP-1R signaling inhibits the vasopressin system. These findings reveal the mechanisms underlying vasopressin release and provide insight into current therapeutic strategies.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Melina P. da Silva, Pedro F. Spiller, Julian F. R. Paton, Davi J. A. Moraes
Summary: Activation of peripheral chemoreceptors increases sympathetic activity during expiration by exciting expiratory neurons antecedent to C1 pre-sympathetic neurons. However, activation of inspiratory neurons does not trigger an increase in sympathetic activity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takuya Yoshida, Mina Fujitani, Scotlynn Farmer, Ami Harada, Zhen Shi, Jenny J. Lee, Arely Tinajero, Ashish K. Singha, Teppei Fujikawa
Summary: In this study, the neuronal pathway from the central nervous system (CNS) to skeletal muscle was investigated. The researchers found that neurons in specific areas of the hypothalamus regulate skeletal muscle function through the sympathetic adrenal drive and the activation of beta 2 adrenergic receptors. This pathway plays a crucial role in metabolic adaptations and has potential implications for enhancing skeletal muscle function.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gareth Leng, Rhodri I. Leng
Summary: A map constructed using citation network analysis and bibliometrics reveals ten major clusters of papers on oxytocin, each with different research focus and citation relationships. Highly cited papers within each cluster and decade can guide recognition of widely interesting questions at specific times, despite citation not being a good quality indicator. The clusters display temporal and bibliometric differences that warrant further investigation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Somayeh Mousavi, Haowen Qiu, Frazer I. Heinis, Eric C. Bredahl, Md Shadman Ridwan Abid, Ashley D. Clifton, Matthew T. Andrews, James W. Checco
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the commonly used anesthetics isoflurane and sodium pentobarbital on the peptide profile in the rodent hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. The results showed that acute anesthetic administration does not greatly affect the measured peptide profiles.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
D. Sobrido-Camean, L. A. Yanez-Guerra, A. Deber, M. Freire-Delgado, R. Cacheiro-Vazquez, M. C. Rodicio, H. Tostivint, R. Anadon, A. Barreiro-Iglesias
Summary: The three somatostatin (SST) genes (SSTa, SSTb, and SSTc) in lampreys were found to be expressed in specific neuronal populations in the hypothalamus, with clear differential expression in other regions of the brain. The study provides important new insights into the evolution and distribution of the somatostatinergic system in vertebrates.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kevin Ibeas, Laura Herrero, Paula Mera, Dolors Serra
Summary: Physical inactivity leads to various diseases, while regular exercise can mitigate these problems and have positive effects on cognitive function and memory. The hypothalamus responds to exercise by modulating energy metabolism through the sympathetic nervous system and catecholamine secretion. Skeletal muscle remodels during exercise training and interacts with other organs through the release of myokines into circulation.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Artur Palasz, Aleksandra Suszka-Switek, Andrzej Kaskosz, Danuta Plewka, Katarzyna Bogus, Lukasz Filipczyk, Iwona Blaszczyk, Flora Bacopoulou, John J. Worthington, Aneta Piwowarczyk-Nowak, Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor, Ryszard Wiaderkiewicz
Summary: The study mapped the possible immunoreactivity of the novel neuropeptide SPX within the human magnocellular hypothalamus, describing SPX-expressing neurons in key regions involved in various physiological functions. The findings suggest a potential contribution of SPX signaling to hypothalamic physiology in the human brain.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2021)