Article
Infectious Diseases
Joseph Shemuel, Derek J. Bays, George R. Thompson, Susan Reef, Linda Snyder, Alana J. Freifeld, Milt Huppert, David Salkin, Machelle D. Wilson, John N. Galgiani
Summary: This historical study investigates the natural history of coccidioidomycosis of the lungs in American soldiers in the 1950s. The study characterized the disease using a database recorded prior to modern antifungal therapy and found low mortality rates, different characteristics of cavities and nodules, and variations in complement fixation titers.
Review
Immunology
Wen-shan Li, Qing-qing Zhang, Qiao Li, Shang-yu Liu, Guo-qiang Yuan, Ya-wen Pan
Summary: The imbalance of immune response is crucial in disease development, including glioblastoma. Understanding how the innate immune system detects tumors and pathogens is essential. This review emphasizes the similarity in RNA and DNA sensing mechanisms in the innate immunity of both tumors and pathogens, with the aim of enhancing the anti-tumor innate immune response and exploring new targets to improve the response to conventional tumor therapy and immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fariba M. Donovan, Ferris A. Ramadan, James R. Lim, Julia E. Buchfuhrer, Rebia N. Khan, Natalie P. DeQuillfeldt, Natalie M. Davis, Ashwini Kaveti, Melanie De Shadarevian, Edward J. Bedrick, John N. Galgiani
Summary: Autoimmune diseases do not increase the risk of specific clinical presentations of coccidioidomycosis (CM), but treatment with biologic response modifiers significantly increases the risk of disseminated CM.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Huaguo Tang, Yuanjie Gu, Lei Jiang, Gang Zheng, Zhuoer Pan, Xiugui Jiang
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition worldwide. The immune response plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and functional recovery from SCI. New biological technologies have allowed for more precise classification of the heterogeneity of immune components. This review focuses on the roles of various immune cells and chemicals in SCI and summarizes clinical trials of immunomodulatory therapies and promising therapeutic drugs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Mengzhi Zou, Aizhen Wang, Jiajie Wei, Heng Cai, Zixun Yu, Luyong Zhang, Xinzhi Wang
Summary: Cholestasis is a common clinical symptom of liver diseases that can progress into serious conditions if left untreated. Inflammation is a common complication of cholestasis, but the relationship between immune responses and cholestasis is still unclear. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and potential therapies for immune response during cholestasis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Rebecca A. Ward, George R. Thompson, Alexandra-Chloe Villani, Bo Li, Michael K. Mansour, Marcel Wuethrich, Jenny M. Tam, Bruce S. Klein, Jatin M. Vyas
Summary: Coccidioidomycosis, or Valley Fever, is caused by dimorphic fungi Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii. While most cases present with self-limiting pulmonary infection, dissemination of the fungi can lead to higher mortality rates. The immunological mechanisms underlying clearance or containment of the infection in the lungs are still poorly understood.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Morgan Carter
Summary: In this study, it was found that the conserved protein CDC123 promotes increased global translation during the early stage of defensive programmed cell death in Arabidopsis. This is achieved by promoting the assembly of translation initiation complexes upon detection of plant pathogens.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Cristina Valeria Bulgaru, Daniela Eliza Marin, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Ionelia Taranu
Summary: ZEA is an estrogenic fusariotoxin that affects reproductive health and immune response. It can cause reproductive disorders and impact immune response, with studies showing effects on different types of immune cells and immune organs. Despite the increasing research on the mechanisms of ZEA in modulating immune response, data are currently insufficient and further investigation is needed.
Review
Biology
Maria del Rocio Reyes-Montes, Adriana Anel Leon-Garcia, Maria Guadalupe Frias-De-Leon, Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano, Erika Paola Sanchez-Saavedra, Isai Victoriano-Pastelin, Beatriz Meraz-Rios, Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
Summary: This study reviewed clinical cases published from 1950 to 2021 to analyze the epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment of Coccidioidomycosis. The results showed a higher incidence in males, with the most affected age group being 31-40 years. Disseminated infection with cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue involvement was the most reported clinical presentation. C. immitis was the most frequently reported species. Serological tests were the preferred diagnostic method, and treatment commonly involved the use of ketoconazole and amphotericin B.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdullah Khawaja, Daniel Bromage
Summary: Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the heart characterized by cellular injury and the influx of various types of leucocytes, which can lead to excessive scar deposition and poor outcomes in left ventricular impairment. Despite advancements in imaging and epidemiological evidence, our understanding of the inflammatory response in acute myocarditis lags behind that of acute myocardial infarction, indicating a need for further research in this area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark Almond, Hugo A. Farne, Millie M. Jackson, Akhilesh Jha, Orestis Katsoulis, Oliver Pitts, Tanushree Tunstall, Eteri Regis, Jake Dunning, Adam J. Byrne, Patrick Mallia, Onn Min Kon, Ken A. Saunders, Karen D. Simpson, Robert J. Snelgrove, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Michael R. Edwards, Wendy S. Barclay, Liam M. Heaney, Sebastian L. Johnston, Aran Singanayagam
Summary: Obese individuals have deficient pulmonary antiviral immune responses in bronchoalveolar lavage cells, due to increased airway concentrations of leptin, which impair interferon responses and facilitate severe influenza infection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Stear, Sarah Preston, David Piedrafita, Katarzyna Donskow-Lysoniewska
Summary: Nematode infection is a significant threat to human, domestic animal, and wildlife health. Resistance to infection varies among individuals, largely due to genetic variation in the immune response. Both host and nematode-derived factors play a role in regulating the immune response. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these interactions and the variation in immunomodulation among nematode species remain unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Susana Tejeda-Garibay, Katrina K. Hoyer
Summary: Between 70 and 80% of Valley fever patients receive antibiotic treatment before accurate diagnosis with coccidioidomycosis. The perturbations caused by antibiotic treatment and infection can negatively affect the host microbial dysbiosis, immunological responses, and disease outcome. Recent research highlights the need to study the direct effects of the lung microbiota on infection outcome.
Review
Immunology
Aleksandra J. Ozga, Melvyn T. Chow, Andrew D. Luster
Summary: Chemokines play a critical role in directing immune cell migration and are involved in shaping the tumor-promoting microenvironment.
Review
Immunology
Jeroen van Dorp, Michiel S. van der Heijden
Summary: Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the default treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has rapidly changed the treatment landscape of bladder cancer, with the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) playing a crucial role in the efficacy of ICI. Different immune cells, including cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells and lymphocytes, contribute to the anti-tumor response in bladder cancer. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and infiltration of immune cells are important factors for establishing an effective anti-tumor immune response. On the other hand, the signaling of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may prevent lymphocyte infiltration and have an immunosuppressive effect. Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying biological mechanisms and improve patient care.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)