Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Esther J. Han, Seoung Rak Lee, Shotaro Hoshino, Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
Summary: Microorganisms have been a valuable source of therapeutically important natural products. This study utilized high-throughput elicitor screening to uncover cryptic metabolites with antiproliferative activity, leading to the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. These findings demonstrate the untapped potential of microbial strains in providing new molecules for cancer treatment.
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuchen Li, Seoung Rak Lee, Esther J. Han, Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
Summary: Natural products are important sources of pharmaceuticals and chemical tools. This study focused on the discovery of new natural products from well-studied strains, specifically targeting Streptomyces rimosus, a widely-used oxytetracycline producer. Through MALDI-MS-guided high-throughput elicitor screening (HiTES), the researchers mapped the metabolome of S. rimosus and characterized three cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters, including the unusual cyclic peptide natural product momomycin. The study demonstrated that HiTES is an effective approach for finding new chemical matter from drained strains.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seoung Rak Lee, Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
Summary: This study applies an agar-based high-throughput chemical genetic screen to identify inducers of fungal biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and discovers several cryptic metabolites, including a natural product with a novel scaffold. The results show that plant steroids can trigger the synthesis of this natural product and it exhibits antibiotic activity against a competitor of the fungus.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jong-Duk Park, Yuchen Li, Kyuho Moon, Esther J. Han, Seoung Rak Lee, Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
Summary: The study reports eight novel and architecturally unusual secondary metabolites synthesized by the bacterial symbiont Phaeobacter inhibens, which may originate from their algal hosts in a natural setting. Some of these metabolites exhibit potent algaecidal activity, providing important implications for the parasitic phase of algal-bacterial symbiotic interactions.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Megan Winkelman Creasman
Summary: In this narrative medicine essay, a pregnant medical resident fearlessly takes care of her physical needs at work, teaching herself to adopt a more open approach to caring for her physical needs resulting from chronic illness.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Xiaochuan Sun, Ting Zhang, Hongli Sun, Xuefeng Sun
Summary: Disseminated NTM infection is common in immunocompromised patients and can be misdiagnosed as malignancy. AOID is a crucial but often neglected risk factor for dNTM, and B-cell-depleting therapy may help prevent infection recurrence.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Nis Schmidt
Summary: Facial masks have been a crucial part of human history, especially in preventing respiratory transmitted diseases. In the current pandemic, using masks along with other measures like social distancing, hand washing, and avoiding crowded places can significantly reduce the spread of the virus.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. Clendenen, S. Hu, Y. Afanasyeva, M. Askenazi, K. L. Koenig, T. Hulett, M. Liu, S. Liu, F. Wu, A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Y. Chen
Summary: Autoantibodies in healthy individuals were studied for their reproducibility and stability over time. The research showed that most autoantibodies had good reproducibility in the lab and over a one-year period. This study provides important insights for the use of autoantibodies as markers of disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylvie Tordjman, Annaelle Charrier, Michel Kazatchkine, Pierre Roubertoux, Michel Botbol, Guillaume Bronsard, Stratis Avrameas
Summary: This study examined the presence of natural autoantibodies (NAAbs) in the sera of children with autism and found significantly lower levels of IgG anti-F(ab')(2) autoantibodies compared to typically developing controls. These levels were negatively associated with autism severity and IQ scores in the autism group. These findings strengthen the hypothesis of an autoimmune process in autism and suggest the potential for alternative medical treatment.
Article
Psychiatry
Lidia Hau, Tamas Tenyi, Natalia Laszlo, Marton Aron Kovacs, Szabina Erdoe-Bonyar, Zsuzsanna Csizmadia, Timea Berki, Diana Simon, Gyoergyi Csabi
Summary: This study examined the presence of anti-neuronal autoantibodies in synthetic cannabinoid users presenting with psychosis and found a small number of positive or borderline cases. However, there was no significant correlation between these autoantibodies and the severity of psychiatric symptoms. The alteration of anti-CS autoantibody levels may indicate immunological dysfunctions in these cases.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seham S. S. El-Hawary, Marwa H. A. Hassan, Ahmed O. O. Hudhud, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Rabab Mohammed
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in the elicitation approaches used to activate cryptic secondary metabolite gene clusters in the actinomycete genome, highlighting the diversity of natural products obtained through various elicitation methods until June 2022, including co-cultivation with actinomycetes, non-actinomycete bacteria, fungi, cell-derived components, and/or algae. Chemical and molecular elicitation strategies such as transcription factor decoys, engineering regulatory genes, promoter replacement, global regulatory genes, and reporter-guided mutant selection were also discussed. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers interested in this field, providing the latest studies and references.
Article
Psychology, Biological
April Shi Min Ching, Jeesun Kim, Chris Davis
Summary: The study examined the impact of unmasked Attentional Blink (AB) on the report of T2. Findings revealed that the unmasked AB did not affect the report of T2, and the visual AB was associated with delayed but intact N2 and P3 components, while the auditory AB only indicated a delayed but intact P3.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katalin Borocz, Agnes Kinyo, Diana Simon, Szabina Erdo-Bonyar, Peter Nemeth, Timea Berki
Summary: Despite the availability of abundant data on vaccine-induced immune activation in COVID-19, the impact of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs) on these processes remains unclear. This study investigated the potential relationship between vaccine efficacy and nAAb levels. It also examined the influence of immunomodulatory therapies on vaccine effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pratik Rajesh Chheda, Grant T. Cooling, Sondra F. Dean, Jonah Propp, Kathryn F. Hobbs, M. Ashley Spies
Summary: One of the challenges in drug design is targeting cryptic allosteric pockets in enzyme targets, which can provide the best option for drug development. Using computational and experimental methods, a successful approach has been presented in rationally exploiting the cryptic allosteric pocket of H. pylori glutamate racemase, leading to the discovery of a series of natural product allosteric inhibitors. These studies reveal the source of allosteric inhibition and how protein-ligand binding affects enzyme dynamics.
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Xiu Liu, Chao Liang, Qingyong Meng, Yi Qu, Ziyi He, Rui Dong, Lizheng Qin, Minghui Mao, Ying Hu
Summary: Natural autoantibodies against CD47 may serve as a potential agent for immunotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Article
Developmental Biology
Bridget W. Tsai, Sandy Lau, Song Yee Paek, Michelle Wise, Ian Kando, Peter Stone, Qi Chen, Lawrence W. Chamley
Summary: Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) may contribute to pregnancy disorders such as recurrent miscarriage, preeclampsia, and stillbirths by altering the cargo and targeting of placental extracellular vesicles (EVs).
Article
Rheumatology
Mancy Tong, Teimur Kayani, Deidre M. Jones, Jane E. Salmon, Shannon Whirledge, Lawrence W. Chamley, Vikki M. Abrahams
Summary: This study found that antiphospholipid antibodies can increase decidualization, senescence, and inflammation in endometrial stromal cells, and low molecular weight heparin can reduce this effect. These findings shed new light on the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications in women with antiphospholipid antibodies and highlight the importance of heparin in preventing miscarriage.
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Joy N. Reginald-Opara, Darren Svirskis, Song Yee Paek, Mingtan Tang, Simon J. O'Carroll, Justin M. Dean, Lawrence W. Chamley, Zimei Wu
Summary: This study aims to explore the transport processes of nano-materials across the blood brain barrier. The results show that pH-sensitive liposomes have a higher efficiency in crossing the in vitro BBB model via exocytosis.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Rebecca Davies, Catherine Griffiths, Kathryn Askelund, Eleni Palaiologou, Jane K. Cleal, Anton Page, David S. Chatelet, Patricia Goggin, Larry Chamley, Rohan M. Lewis
Summary: This study investigates the formation of extracellular vesicles by human placenta using nanoscale three-dimensional imaging. The results show that vesicles are observed on the tips of placental microvilli in both term and first trimester placenta. The high surface area density of these vesicles indicates their potential importance in placental-maternal signaling.
Editorial Material
Developmental Biology
Larry Chamley
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alireza Akbarinejad, Colin Lee Hisey, Miguel Martinez-Calderon, Jeffery Low, Devon T. Bryant, Bicheng Zhu, Diane Brewster, Eddie Wai Chi Chan, Jesna Ashraf, Ziyao Wan, Anastasiia Artuyants, Cherie Blenkiron, Larry Chamley, David Barker, David E. Williams, Clive W. Evans, Lisa Pilkington, Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
Summary: This study presents an electrochemical capture/release interface for efficient and selective capture of chemical/biological entities, such as molecules and cancer cells, with high viability upon release. The use of a highly porous electrospun membrane electrodeposited with a thiol-functionalized conductive terpolymer allows for fast and controlled capture/release processes. Additionally, femtosecond laser-patterning of the membrane enhances the efficiency and selectivity of the capture, demonstrating potential for various practical applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Henry H. Louie, Odunayo O. Mugisho, Lawrence W. Chamley, Ilva D. Rupenthal
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication and various physiological and pathological processes. Recent evidence suggests that EVs may also be involved in inflammatory eye diseases and could serve as novel biomarkers or therapeutics.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Tianjiao Geng, Euphemia Leung, Lawrence W. Chamley, Zimei Wu
Summary: This study aimed to functionalize small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-tyrosine-cysteine (cRGDyC) to improve their targetability for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. The cell targetability and intracellular trafficking of cRGDyC-sEVs were evaluated on U87 cells, showing a 2.4-fold enhancement in targetability compared to unmodified sEVs. Dox@cRGDyCsEVs exhibited superior cytotoxicity to U87 GBM cells compared to a standard liposome formulation.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matthew Kang, Colin Hisey, Bridget Tsai, Yohanes Nursalim, Cherie Blenkiron, Lawrence W. Chamley
Summary: Recently, researchers have focused on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential carriers for drug delivery, including gene therapy. However, current techniques used for EV generation have limitations in large-scale production. This study proposes that placental EVs produced from explant cultures are an efficient and safe method for EV production, and suggests that these EVs can be loaded with large plasmids. The study experimentally confirms successful plasmid loading into placental EVs using different loading strategies and provides insights into the loading efficiency dependent on DNA dose and size.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jesna Ashraf, Sandy Lau, Alireza Akbarinejad, Devon Bryant, Lawrence W. Chamley, Lisa I. Pilkington, David Barker, David E. Williams, Clive W. Evans, Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
Summary: Researchers have developed a simple and clean electrochemical method for the specific capture and fast release of nano-sized placental extracellular vesicles. This method can aid in understanding placental function and improve obstetric care.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Paek Song, Brooks Anna, Graham Scott, Lawrence Willam Chamley
Summary: A study found that human placental extracellular vesicles (EVs) mainly interacted with macrophages in the spleen, liver, and lungs. However, there was little interaction between circulating leukocytes and EVs in vivo. Furthermore, there were differences in the interaction between EVs and leukocytes in pregnant and nonpregnant mice.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyue Chen, Sofian Tijono, Bridget Tsai, Lawrence William Chamley, Lai-Ming Ching, Qi Chen
Summary: The biological connection between cancer and pregnancy is of interest because of the similar mechanisms between tumour and placental cells. Placental extracellular vesicles (EVs) may play a role in regulating the proliferation and invasion of placental cells, but the understanding of this regulation is limited. In this study, placental EVs were found to inhibit ovarian tumour growth in a xenograft model by inducing cellular necrosis and infiltrating CD169+ macrophages and NK cells into the tumour tissues.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Sien Yee Lau, Matthew Kang, Colin L. Hisey, Lawrence W. Chamley
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid-bound vesicles released from cells, play a crucial role in many physiological processes and pathological mechanisms. Understanding their biodistribution is of great interest, and one accessible technology involves fluorescent labelling of exogenous EVs for whole-animal imaging. However, studying the fate of subcellular EVs requires adaptation of labelling techniques, excess dye removal and a refined experimental design.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cherry Sun, Katie M. Groom, Charlotte Oyston, Larry W. Chamley, Jo James
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anandita Umapathy, Jennifer Courtney, Toby Jackson, Mark Trew, Larry Chamley, Alys Clark, Helen Jones, Jo James
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
