Article
Horticulture
Michele Faralli, Roberto Zanzotti, Massimo Bertamini
Summary: Maintaining dense canopies under high temperature and high irradiance conditions can improve leaf photosynthesis and must quality.
Article
Water Resources
Takafumi Katsushima, Akio Kato, Hideharu Aiura, Kazuki Nanko, Satoru Suzuki, Yukari Takeuchi, Shigeki Murakami
Summary: Snow interception by tree canopy affects water and energy budgets. However, current models on snow interception still lack observational evidence and detailed descriptions. A weighing tree experiment in Japan investigated the relationship between meteorological conditions and change of intercepted snow. Based on the observations, a new parameterization model of snow interception was proposed, which showed good correlation between simulated and observed temporal changes of intercepted snow. However, the model had significant errors in accurately assessing snow unloading due to snowmelt.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alessandro Mataffo, Pasquale Scognamiglio, Carlo Molinaro, Giandomenico Corrado, Boris Basile
Summary: The size and number of grapes and the length of the grape bunch determine the compactness of the bunch. Different canopy management strategies, such as leaf removal and shoot trimming, can affect the key factors of bunch compactness. This study shows that the position and method of leaf removal can have varying effects on fruit set, berry quantity, size, and composition, but have limited influence on bunch compactness.
Article
Agronomy
Vitor Hugo Maues Macedo, Antonio Marcos Quadros Cunha, Ebson Pereira Candido, Felipe Nogueira Domingues, Wilton Ladeira da Silva, Marcio Andre Stefanelli Lara, Anibal Coutinho do Rego
Summary: This study analyzes the effect of defoliation frequencies and season on the productive and structural characteristics of Guinea grass, and determines the inclusion of tiller population density in mathematical models for more precise management of the ideal defoliation moment.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Antonio Teixeira, Henrique Noronha, Monica Sebastiana, Ana Margarida Fortes, Hernani Geros
Summary: The role of photosynthesis in fruits, particularly in mature red grape berries, continues to challenge scientists. Evidence suggests that chloroplasts and chlorophylls may persist in ripe red grapes despite being masked by anthocyanins. Chloroplast proteomes were found to be different in green and mature berries, with mature berries accumulating proteins involved in ATP production and the light reactions, while green berries accumulated proteins related to the Calvin cycle and amino acid biosynthesis. Overall, chloroplasts in green berries are more involved in biosynthetic reactions, while in ripe berries they may provide energy for cell maintenance and metabolism, and possibly oxygen for inner tissue respiration.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shenghao Gu, Weiliang Wen, Tianjun Xu, Xianju Lu, Zetao Yu, Xinyu Guo, Chunjiang Zhao
Summary: This study confirms the importance of considering architectural traits when evaluating strategies for genetic improvement and canopy configuration in crop modeling.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Feng Xiao, Weiwei Li, Minghui Xiao, Zongfeng Yang, Wangda Cheng, Shang Gao, Ganghua Li, Yanfeng Ding, Matthew J. Paul, Zhenghui Liu
Summary: This study investigates the light distribution pattern within the rice canopy, showcasing the diurnal changes of light interception and genotypic differences in light pattern among tested cultivars. The findings provide insights into the physio-ecological processes underlying radiation use efficiency at the canopy level, valuable for breeding programs for ideotype cultivars.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fahmida Sultana, Washu Dev, Minghua Xin, Yingchun Han, Lu Feng, Yaping Lei, Beifang Yang, Guoping Wang, Xiaofei Li, Zhanbiao Wang, Fangfang Xing, Shiwu Xiong, Yabing Li
Summary: The study emphasizes the importance of plant structure in achieving higher photosynthetic production and cotton yield. Cotton varieties with loose and tower structures were found to have higher light interception and leaf area index, resulting in higher yield. Additionally, the peak leaf area index during the boll-forming stage correlated with increased radiation interception and biomass accumulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna M. Gambetta, Valentina Romat, Leigh M. Schmidtke, Bruno P. Holzapfel
Summary: Sunburn, caused by excessive sunlight and high temperatures, leads to a physiological disorder that reduces grape quality and yield. This study found that grapes produce different secondary metabolites to adapt to high light environments, and the degree of sunburn damage affects the chemical composition of grapes. Temperature and developmental stage also have a significant impact on grape composition.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiufen Zhang, Xizhi Lv, Xinxiao Yu, Yongxin Ni, Li Ma, Ziqiang Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the canopy interception capacity of different vegetation types in China and found that the southern region has a higher interception capacity than the northern region. Trees in the south and shrubs in the north primarily intercept precipitation. Results also indicate that shrubs have a greater influence on the local water cycle than trees. The study suggests that the structural characteristics of northern shrub land may be unfavorable for water conservation in arid regions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Andras Csoto, Antal Nagy, Nora Laurinyecz, Zora Annamaria Nagy, Csaba Nemeth, Erzsebet Krisztina Nemeth, Anna Csikasz-Krizsics, Nandor Rakonczas, Florence Fontaine, Erzsebet Fekete, Michel Flipphi, Levente Karaffa, Erzsebet Sandor
Summary: Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) pose an increasing threat to grape production worldwide. Different grape cultivars show varying degrees of susceptibility to GTDs. A study on Hungarian grape germplasm collections found that Vitis vinifera L. cultivars were more sensitive to GTDs compared to interspecific hybrids containing other Vitis species in their pedigree. The ancestral diversity of grapes confers greater resilience against GTDs.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ramon Sanchez, Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Nogales, Encarnacion Fernandez-Fernandez, Maria Rosa Gonzalez, Laura Medina-Trujillo, Pedro Martin
Summary: Recent studies have shown that moderate iron stress can increase the concentrations of volatile organic compounds associated with floral notes in wines, while decreasing the presence of C6-alcohols responsible for green herbaceous aromas. Wines from iron deficient subzones showed a favorable reduction in pH and improvements in color-related parameters. The incidence of chlorosis was associated with enhancements in wine sensory attributes such as layer intensity, black fruit, and aroma intensity.
Article
Agronomy
Yingyu Zhang, Juan Yang, Marinus van Haaften, Linyi Li, Shenglian Lu, Weiliang Wen, Xiuguo Zheng, Jian Pan, Tingting Qian
Summary: Plant photosynthesis and biomass production are influenced by the amount of intercepted light, especially how light is distributed inside the canopy. This study found that the distribution of light has a significant impact on light interception, and that larger leaves can intercept more light compared to smaller leaves under the same lighting conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Monica Rivadeneira, Marta Zulema Galvan, Marina Aban, Rosa Elena Semke, Josefina Rivadeneira, Melisa Lanza Volpe, Sebastian Gomez Talquenca
Summary: This study surveyed the occurrence of eight grapevine viruses in commercial vineyards in the Calchaquies Valleys in Argentina. The results showed that 60% of the samples were infected with some of the viruses, with GLRaV-3 and GFLV being the most common.
Article
Virology
Victoria Hoyle, Madison T. Flasco, Jiyeong Choi, Elizabeth J. Cieniewicz, Heather McLane, Keith Perry, Gerald Dangl, Maher Al Rwahnih, Michelle Heck, Greg Loeb, Marc F. Fuchs
Summary: Grapevine red blotch disease, caused by grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), has affected vine stock production and vineyard profitability in North America. This study reveals that the insect vector Spissistilus festinus can transmit GRBV between different grapevine hybrids and grape cultivars, highlighting the interconnected roles of virus hosts in riparian areas and commercial vineyards. The findings have important implications for disease management strategies.