Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erik Johnstone, Natalia Mayordomo, Edward J. Mausolf
Summary: This article presents an overview of the chemical, nuclear, and physical properties of Tc-101 and its applications. Tc-101 is important for research and applications related to radioanalytical tracer studies, fusion materials, and nuclear medicine.
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ankang Sun, Ziqiang Dong, Shuang Yang, Jintao Shu, Yanjie Liu, Yi Liu, Yongwang Kang, Dinggang Wang, Jinxia Song
Summary: The isothermal oxidation behavior of 56Nb-16Si-(20-x)Ti-3Cr-3Al-2Hf-xZr (x = 0, 2, 5, 10 at. %) alloys was studied at 800 degrees C and 1250 degrees C. The results showed that increasing the Zr content led to a significant increase in oxidation rates at 800 degrees C, accompanied by pesting oxidation. At 1250 degrees C, the alloys exhibited similar linear oxidation kinetics. The adherence and integrity of oxide scales improved with the increase of Zr content, but the overall oxidation resistance slightly deteriorated. The observed oxidation behavior may be attributed to the composition variation of Zr and Ti in the alloys.
PROGRESS IN NATURAL SCIENCE-MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zakaria A. Mekawy, Ehab A. A. El Shazly, Mamdoh R. Mahmoud
Summary: This study investigated the adsorption behavior of Zr-95(IV), Hf-181(IV) and Nb-95(V) radionuclides onto bentonite and optimized the adsorption parameters. The results showed that bentonite efficiently adsorbed these radionuclides, even in the presence of high concentrations of ions.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Kathryn George, Andrew J. Masters, Francis R. Livens, Mark J. Sarsfield, Robin J. Taylor, Clint A. Sharrad
Summary: Reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel has historically faced challenges in effectively separating fission products such as technetium and zirconium. The current methods require additional control strategies leading to increased operational costs. Further research is necessary to optimize separation chemistry and improve decontamination factors.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
H. Rainad Khan Rohan, Md Hossain Sahadath
Summary: This study aims to increase the transmutation rates of minor actinides by using moderator coatings around the fuel elements. Results show that both the addition of a moderator and the increase in moderator thickness improved transmutation rates but had a negative impact on fuel cycle parameters. The best model suggested was ZrH1.6 coating with a thickness of 0.01 cm, which achieved transmutation rates of 13.57%/y for 237Np, 12.6%/y for 241Am, and 9.26%/y for 243Am.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christian Schmidt, Anna Nikolenko, Oona Appelt, Andrea Gottsche, Melanie Sieber, Ilya Veksler, Oyvind Sunde
Summary: This study examines the solubility of wöhlerite in peralkaline and SiO2-undersaturated melts. The experiments show that wöhlerite is stable at high temperatures and its solubility increases. Lovozerite-group minerals are frequently observed to crystallize at 750℃, and fluorcalciopyrochlore is formed at 1000℃ with the addition of water. The concentrations of Zr and Nb in the melts are found to be high and increase with temperature, the addition of water, and increasing peralkalinity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. S. Sen, T. Polcar
Summary: This study investigates how the electric field influences the diffusion of helium atoms in metallic multilayer composites, showing that the field can guide helium atoms to migrate out of the system along a preferred direction by manipulating the electron density. The results demonstrate that the electric field can effectively guide helium atoms to move along specific directions out of the system.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meysam T. Chorsi, Thinh T. Le, Feng Lin, Tra Vinikoor, Ritopa Das, James F. Stevens, Caitlyn Mundrane, Jinyoung Park, Khanh T. M. Tran, Yang Liu, Jacob Pfund, Rachel Thompson, Wu He, Menka Jain, M. Daniela Morales-Acosta, Osama R. Bilal, Kazem Kazerounian, Horea Ilies, Thanh D. Nguyen
Summary: We have developed biodegradable, flexible, and piezoelectric nanofibers by embedding glycine crystals into polycaprolactone. These nanofibers exhibit stable piezoelectric performance and high ultrasound output, outperforming state-of-the-art biodegradable transducers. We used this material to fabricate a biodegradable ultrasound transducer that significantly enhanced the survival time of mice with orthotopic glioblastoma models.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jordan Gonzaga Andrade Batista Silva, Ronaldo Costa Santos, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, Leonardo Sena Gomes Teixeira, Luiz Antonio Magalhaes Pontes
Summary: This study focused on the synthesis of sorbitol using Ru/Nb2O5 catalysts, with better results obtained when using crystalline phase Nb2O5 as a support. Structural modification of the catalytic support positively affected catalyst activity and sorbitol production.
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. E. Foster, X. W. Zhou
Summary: This article investigates the thermodynamics and transport kinetics of tritium in zirconium tritides, which are crucial for the tritium storage performance of zirconium tritides used in various nuclear applications. It is challenging to experimentally characterize how these properties evolve under different reactor conditions and initial grain structures. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that planar grain boundaries not only trap tritium, but also significantly increase tritium diffusivity on the boundary plane. Additionally, fine grain structures mitigate the change of tritium diffusivity caused by irradiated point defects by allowing these defects to migrate and sink at grain boundaries.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Gopal Naik, S. V. Jagadeesh Chandra, S. Uthanna
Summary: Zirconium niobium oxide thin films were deposited on unheated substrates using DC reactive magnetron sputtering, and their composition and properties were studied by XPS. Oxygen partial pressure and annealing temperature significantly influenced the morphology, crystallinity, and electrical properties of the films.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Hawes, P. Warnicke, P. Burr, D. Ferreira Sanchez, D. Grolimund, J. Partezana, Y-L Chiu, S. Abolhassani
Summary: In this study, the oxidation state of niobium within the oxide layer of a low-tin ZIRLO(1) irradiated in a nuclear reactor is examined using synchrotron. The gradual oxidation and evolution of niobium is observed and quantified, with comparisons made to the distribution of oxide phases revealed by XRD. The results aim to better understand the hydrogen uptake mechanism for this material, particularly the increased resistance to hydrogen uptake seen in niobium-containing alloys.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Hongyan Chen, Megan Jobson, Robin Taylor, Mark Sarsfield, Andrew Masters, David Woodhead, Clint Sharrad
Summary: Controlling the routing of technetium is crucial for efficient and safe recycling of spent nuclear fuel. A simulation code is developed to model the routing of technetium and zirconium in an Advanced PUREX flowsheet, considering the slow conversion of zirconium. The code is validated with experimental results and suggests optimal operating conditions.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Sholpan G. Giniyatova, Nurzhan A. Sailaukhanov, Eugeniy Nesterov, Maxim V. Zdorovets, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Dmitriy I. Shlimas
Summary: In this study, ZrO2-CeO2 ceramics doped with yttrium were successfully synthesized using a mechanochemical solid-phase synthesis method. The formation of the ZrO2-CeO2 phase composition, the structural and strength properties of the ceramics were investigated. The results showed that at a dopant concentration of 0.25 mol, the main phase in the structure was Ce3ZrO8-triclinic P1 (1), which led to improved mechanical and strength properties as well as a 1.5-fold increase in the thermal conductivity coefficient of the ceramics.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
V. V. Kurbatkina, E. I. Patsera, N. A. Kochetov, E. A. Levashov
Summary: The self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in Zr-Nb-B system has been thoroughly investigated to understand its macrokinetics and phase formation mechanisms. The combustion rate's dependence on temperature was analyzed to determine activation energies. The sequence of phase formation events was analyzed using thermodynamic and ab initio calculations, and a machine learning model was developed to predict combustion temperature and rate.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. Thoennessen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E
(2015)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. K. Smith, T. Baumann, J. Brown, P. A. DeYoung, N. Frank, J. Hinnefeld, Z. Kohley, B. Luther, B. Marks, A. Spyrou, S. L. Stephenson, M. Thoennessen, S. J. Williams
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. D. Jones, N. Frank, T. Baumann, J. Brett, J. Bullaro, P. A. De Young, J. E. Finck, K. Hammerton, J. Hinnefeld, Z. Kohley, A. N. Kuchera, J. Pereira, A. Rabeh, W. F. Rogers, J. K. Smith, A. Spyrou, S. L. Stephenson, K. Stiefel, M. Tuttle-Timm, R. G. T. Zegers, M. Thoennessen
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. N. Kuchera, A. Spyrou, J. K. Smith, T. Baumann, G. Christian, P. A. DeYoung, J. E. Finck, N. Frank, M. D. Jones, Z. Kohley, S. Mosby, W. A. Peters, M. Thoennessen
Review
Physics, Nuclear
M. Thoennessen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E
(2016)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. K. Smith, T. Baumann, D. Bazin, J. Brown, P. A. DeYoung, N. Frank, M. D. Jones, Z. Kohley, B. Luther, B. Marks, A. Spyrou, S. L. Stephenson, M. Thoennessen, A. Volya
Review
Physics, Nuclear
M. Thoennessen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E
(2017)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
M. Thoennessen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E
(2018)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
M. Thoennessen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y. Kondo, N. L. Achouri, H. Al Falou, L. Atar, T. Aumann, H. Baba, K. Boretzky, C. Caesar, D. Calvet, H. Chae, N. Chiga, A. Corsi, F. Delaunay, A. Delbart, Q. Deshayes, Zs. Dombradi, C. A. Douma, A. Ekstrom, Z. Elekes, C. Forssen, I. Gasparic, J. -M. Gheller, J. Gibelin, A. Gillibert, G. Hagen, M. N. Harakeh, A. Hirayama, C. R. Hoffman, M. Holl, A. Horvat, A. Horvath, J. W. Hwang, T. Isobe, W. G. Jiang, J. Kahlbow, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, S. Kawase, S. Kim, K. Kisamori, T. Kobayashi, D. Koerper, S. Koyama, I. Kuti, V. Lapoux, S. Lindberg, F. M. Marques, S. Masuoka, J. Mayer, K. Miki, T. Murakami, M. Najafi, T. Nakamura, K. Nakano, N. Nakatsuka, T. Nilsson, A. Obertelli, K. Ogata, F. de Oliveira Santos, N. A. Orr, H. Otsu, T. Otsuka, T. Ozaki, V. Panin, T. Papenbrock, S. Paschalis, A. Revel, D. Rossi, A. T. Saito, T. Y. Saito, M. Sasano, H. Sato, Y. Satou, H. Scheit, F. Schindler, P. Schrock, M. Shikata, N. Shimizu, Y. Shimizu, H. Simon, D. Sohler, O. Sorlin, L. Stuhl, Z. H. Sun, S. Takeuchi, M. Tanaka, M. Thoennessen, H. Toernqvist, Y. Togano, T. Tomai, J. Tscheuschner, J. Tsubota, N. Tsunoda, T. Uesaka, Y. Utsuno, I. Vernon, H. Wang, Z. Yang, M. Yasuda, K. Yoneda, S. Yoshida
Summary: Subjecting a physical system to extreme conditions is a common method to gain a better understanding of its organization and structure. The investigation of isotopes with different neutron-to-proton ratios than stable nuclei is an important test for nuclear-structure theories. This study reports the first observation of the decay of O-28 and 27O isotopes and compares their decay energies with theoretical models. The results have implications for the understanding of nuclear structure.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
A. N. Kuchera, D. Bazin, T. Phan, J. A. Tostevin, M. Babo, T. Baumann, P. C. Bender, M. Bowry, J. Bradt, J. Brown, P. A. DeYoung, B. Elman, J. E. Finck, A. Gade, G. F. Grinyer, M. D. Jones, B. Longfellow, E. Lunderberg, T. H. Redpath, W. F. Rogers, K. Stiefe, M. Thoennessen, D. Votaw, D. Weisshaar, K. Whitmore, R. B. Wiringa
Summary: This study investigates nucleon removal reactions and validates the models used to calculate the removal reaction cross sections. Three different nucleon removal reactions were performed and the partial cross sections to individual final states were determined by detecting the residual nuclei in coincidence with gamma rays. Comparison between measured and calculated cross sections reveals that the theoretical description of the removal process is in better agreement with the data when removing weakly bound nucleons.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
D. Votaw, P. A. DeYoung, T. Baumann, A. Blake, J. Boone, J. Brown, D. Chrisman, J. E. Finck, N. Frank, J. Gombas, P. Gueye, J. Hinnefeld, H. Karrick, A. N. Kuchera, H. Liu, B. Luther, F. Ndayisabye, M. Neal, J. Owens-Fryar, J. Pereira, C. Persch, T. Phan, T. Redpath, W. F. Rogers, S. Stephenson, K. Stiefel, C. Sword, A. Wantz, M. Thoennessen
Article
Physics, Nuclear
C. Sword, J. Brett, T. Baumann, B. A. Brown, N. Frank, J. Herman, M. D. Jones, H. Karrick, A. N. Kuchera, M. Thoennessen, J. A. Tostevin, M. Tuttle-Timm, P. A. DeYoung
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. D. Jones, K. Fossez, T. Baumann, P. A. DeYoung, J. E. Finck, N. Frank, A. N. Kuchera, N. Michel, W. Nazarewicz, J. Rotureau, J. K. Smith, S. L. Stephenson, K. Stiefel, M. Thoennessen, R. G. T. Zegers
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. D. Jones, T. Baumann, J. Brett, J. Bullaro, P. A. DeYoung, J. E. Finck, N. Frank, K. Hammerton, J. Hinnefeld, Z. Kohley, A. N. Kuchera, J. Pereira, A. Rabeh, J. K. Smith, A. Spyrou, S. L. Stephenson, K. Stiefel, M. Tuttle-Timm, R. G. T. Zegers, M. Thoennessen