Article
Environmental Sciences
Dusan Materic, Mike Peacock, Joshua Dean, Martyn Futter, Trofim Maximov, Filip Moldan, Thomas Rockmann, Rupert Holzinger
Summary: It has been established that microplastics are present in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and it is assumed that nanoplastics have the same prevalence. However, there is a lack of data due to technical difficulties in sample analysis. In this study, nanoplastics were measured in waterbodies in Sweden and Siberia, and the results show that nanoplastics are almost ubiquitous in these ecosystems, with potential aerial deposition as a major source.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chen Wang, James M. Mattila, Delphine K. Farmer, Caleb Arata, Allen H. Goldstein, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Summary: During the HOMEChem campaign, it was found that cooking and bleach cleaning in homes are the major sources of nitrogen-containing gases. Gas oven cooking emits more isocyanic acid than stovetop cooking. The emission ratios of HNCO/CO during cooking are lower than those during biomass burning and cigarette smoking. Bleach cleaning increases the mixing ratio of HNCO. HNCO is present in indoor surface reservoirs in a temperature-dependent manner.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Y. H. Wong, J. A. Geddes, J. A. Ducker, C. D. Holmes, S. Fares, A. H. Goldstein, I. Mammarella, J. W. Munger
Summary: Dry deposition can partially explain the changes in ambient ozone during extreme hot and dry episodes. The response of ozone deposition to heat and dry anomalies shows that the increase in non-stomatal conductance may offset the decrease in stomatal conductance, resulting in a smaller net reduction or even net increase in total deposition velocity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ben Henderson, Joris Meurs, Carlijn R. Lamers, Guilherme Lopes Batista, Dusan Materic, Carlo G. Bertinetto, Coen C. W. G. Bongers, Rupert Holzinger, Frans J. M. Harren, Jeroen J. Jansen, Maria T. E. Hopman, Simona M. Cristescu
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as non-invasive markers for monitoring the inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients after prolonged moderate-intensity exercise. The results showed that prolonged exercise had similar effects on exhaled breath butanoic acid and plasma cytokines in participants with or without IBD. Butanoic acid showed a significant correlation with the cytokine IL-6, suggesting its potential as a non-invasive marker for exercise-induced inflammation.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Rima Habre, David C. Dorman, Jonathan Abbatt, William P. Bahnfleth, Ellison Carter, Delphine Farmer, Gillian Gawne-Mittelstaedt, Allen H. Goldstein, Vicki H. Grassian, Glenn Morrison, Jordan Peccia, Dustin Poppendieck, Kimberly A. Prather, Manabu Shiraiwa, Heather M. Stapleton, Meredith Williams, Megan E. Harries
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dusan Materic, Rupert Holzinger, Helge Niemann
Summary: Plastic pollution in the marine environment is a global problem that has been detected across different regions with varying polymer types and fragment sizes. However, quantifying the presence of nanoplastics and ultrafine microplastics is challenging due to their minuscule nature. This study utilized a novel analytical assay to measure nanoplastics directly from seawater samples and different mesh filters in the Wadden Sea. The results revealed the presence of Polystyrene (PS) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoplastics as well as ultrafine microplastics, indicating a significant contribution to the total plastic budget in the Wadden Sea.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emily Reidy, Brandon P. Bottorff, Colleen Marciel F. Rosales, Felipe J. Cardoso-Saldan, Caleb Arata, Shan Zhou, Chen Wang, Andrew Abeleira, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, Allen H. Goldstein, Atila Novoselac, Tara F. Kahan, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Marina E. Vance, Delphine K. Farmer, Philip S. Stevens
Summary: There have been relatively few measurements of the OH radical in indoor environments despite its importance outdoors. Elevated concentrations of OH were observed near a window during cooking events, in addition to elevated mixing ratios of HONO, VOCs, and NOX. The measured OH concentrations were underestimated by a chemical model, even during periods of direct sunlight, indicating incomplete understanding of oxidation in indoor environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emily B. Franklin, Lindsay D. Yee, Rebecca Wernis, Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, Nathan Kreisberg, Robert Weber, Haofei Zhang, Brett B. Palm, Weiwei Hu, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Douglas A. Day, Antonio Manzi, Paulo Artaxo, Rodrigo A. F. De Souza, Jose L. Jimenez, Scot T. Martin, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: Urbanization and fires have a significant impact on the quantities and composition of organic aerosol in the central Amazon, affecting radiative forcing and public health. The composition of ambient organic aerosol is complex and not fully understood, with limited knowledge about the different compounds present. Through analysis of aerosol samples, it was found that fires and urban emissions have distinct effects on the chemical signatures, and only a portion of compounds were observed in both seasons. This study highlights the need for further research to fill the knowledge gaps in understanding the speciation of organic aerosol in the Amazon.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kasper Kristensen, David M. Lunderberg, Yingjun Liu, Pawel K. Misztal, Yilin Tian, Caleb Arata, William W. Nazaroff, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are an important category of indoor pollutants. The partitioning of SVOCs between airborne particles and the adjacent air significantly influences human exposure and uptake. This study provides direct evidence that indoor particle pollution from cooking, candle use, and outdoor particle infiltration strongly affects the gas-particle phase distribution of specific indoor SVOCs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jie Zhang, Junyi Liu, Xiang Ding, Xiao He, Tianle Zhang, Mei Zheng, Minsu Choi, Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, Lindsay Yee, Haofei Zhang, Pawel Misztal, Allen H. Goldstein, Alex B. Guenther, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Jason D. Surratt, Elizabeth A. Stone, Manish Shrivastava, Dui Wu, Jian Zhen Yu, Qi Ying
Summary: In this study, the researchers successfully simulated the formation and fate of 2-methyltetrols (2-MT) and 2-methylglyceric acid (2-MG) using the CMAQ model. They found that under acidic conditions, there is an additional non-aqueous pathway for the formation of 2-MT that supplements the commonly assumed acid-driven multiphase reaction process. This study is important for understanding the sources and fate of isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosols.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Peng Yao, Rupert Holzinger, Dusan Materic, Beatriz Sayuri Oyama, Maria de Fatima Andrade, Dipayan Paul, Haiyan Ni, Hanne Noto, Ru-Jin Huang, Ulrike Dusek
Summary: Methylsiloxanes, which are toxic to organisms, have been identified in aerosol samples collected in tunnels in Sao Paulo, Brazil, indicating the presence of these emerging pollutants in vehicle emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Caleb Arata, Qindan Zhu, Benjamin C. Schulze, Roy Woods, Colin Harkins, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Brian C. Mcdonald, John H. Seinfeld, Anthony Bucholtz, Ronald C. Cohen, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: Los Angeles is a major hotspot for air pollution, particularly ozone and particulate matter. Despite reductions in vehicular emissions, the improvement of ozone and PM2.5 levels in the region has been limited. Measurement of VOCs and comparison with emission inventories reveal discrepancies in the amount and distribution of observed VOC emissions in Los Angeles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nishit Shetty, Pai Liu, Yutong Liang, Benjamin Sumlin, Conner Daube, Scott Herndon, Allen H. Goldstein, Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Summary: This study investigates the impact of chemical composition and volatility of organic aerosols (OA) on the optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) in wildfire emissions. The results show a strong correlation between low volatility organics and both methanol-soluble and water-insoluble components of BrC. Higher elemental carbon (EC) concentrations are associated with greater light absorption by BrC, indicating the co-emission of strongly light-absorbing chromophores with EC. Multivariate regression analysis identifies specific compound groups, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygenated aromatics, and nitrogen-containing organics, as the best predictors of BrC light absorption.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaopu Lyu, Ke Li, Hai Guo, Lidia Morawska, Beining Zhou, Yangzong Zeren, Fei Jiang, Changhong Chen, Allen H. Goldstein, Xiaobin Xu, Tao Wang, Xiao Lu, Tong Zhu, Xavier Querol, Satoru Chatani, Mohd Talib Latif, Daniel Schuch, Vinayak Sinha, Prashant Kumar, Benjamin Mullins, Rodrigo Seguel, Min Shao, Likun Xue, Nan Wang, Jianmin Chen, Jian Gao, Fahe Chai, Isobel Simpson, Baerbel Sinha, Donald R. Blake
Summary: Tropospheric ozone pollution is a global challenge, with surface ozone unintentionally rising due to uncoordinated emissions reduction and increasing climate penalty. We propose a synergistic ozone-climate control strategy to alleviate ozone pollution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pascale S. J. Lakey, Andreas Zuend, Glenn C. Morrison, Thomas Berkemeier, Jake Wilson, Caleb Arata, Allen H. Goldstein, Kevin R. Wilson, Nijing Wang, Jonathan Williams, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Manabu Shiraiwa
Summary: Studies have shown that the reaction of squalene with ozone can produce various products, and the yield depends on relative humidity. A new mechanism has been developed to simulate these reactions and control the concentrations of different products accordingly. Increasing relative humidity significantly impacts the concentrations of various products.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Waqas, Majid Nazeer, Man Sing Wong, Wu Shaolin, Li Hon, Joon Heo
Summary: The socio-economic restriction measures implemented in the United States have significantly reduced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions. The study highlights the impact of factors such as human mobility, population density, income, climate, and stationary sources on the reduction of NO2 at different stations. The research emphasizes the scientific impacts of the NO2 reduction and income inequality revealed by the pandemic on air quality and health disparities.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guorui Zhi, Jinhong Du, Aizhong Chen, Wenjing Jin, Na Ying, Zhihui Huang, Peng Xu, Di Wang, Jinghua Ma, Yuzhe Zhang, Jiabao Qu, Hao Zhang, Li Yang, Zhanyun Ma, Yanjun Ren, Hongyan Dang, Jianglong Cui, Pengchuan Lin, Zhuoshi He, Jinmin Zhao, Shuo Qi, Weiqi Zhang, Wenjuan Zhao, Yingxin Li, Qian Liu, Chen Zhao, Yi Tang, Peng Wei, Jingxu Wang, Zhen Song, Yao Kong, Xiangzhe Zhu, Yi Shen, Tianning Zhang, Yangxi Chu, Xinmin Zhang, Jiafeng Fu, Qingxian Gao, Jingnan Hu, Zhigang Xue
Summary: An comprehensive emission inventory for China in 2019, which includes both air pollutants and greenhouse gases, was developed in this study. The inventory utilizes existing frameworks and data to provide comparable emissions data and demonstrates the relationship between emissions and economic development.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
I-Ting Ku, Yong Zhou, Arsineh Hecobian, Katherine Benedict, Brent Buck, Emily Lachenmayer, Bryan Terry, Morgan Frazier, Jie Zhang, Da Pan, Lena Low, Amy Sullivan, Jeffrey L. Collett Jr
Summary: Unconventional oil and natural gas development (UOGD) in the United States has expanded rapidly in recent decades, raising concerns about its impact on air quality. This study conducted extensive air monitoring during the development of several large well pads in Broomfield, Colorado, providing a unique opportunity to examine changes in local air toxics and VOC concentrations during well drilling and completions and production. The study identified significant increases in VOC concentrations during drilling operations, highlighting the importance of emissions from synthetic drilling mud. The findings suggest opportunities to mitigate emissions during UOGD operations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Puji Lestari, Akbar R. Tasrifani, Wiranda I. Suri, Martin J. Wooster, Mark J. Grosvenor, Yusuke Fujii, Vissia Ardiyani, Elisa Carboni, Gareth Thomas
Summary: This study developed field emission factors for various pollutants in peatland fires and estimated the total emissions. Gas samples were collected using an analyzer, while particulate samples were collected using air samplers. The study found significant emissions of CO2, CO, PM2.5, carbon aerosols, water-soluble ions, and elements from the fires in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2019.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ligang Li, Yuyu Chen, Lu Fan, Dong Sun, Hu He, Yongshou Dai, Yong Wan, Fangfang Chen
Summary: A high-precision retrieval method based on a deep convolutional neural network and satellite remote sensing data is proposed to obtain accurate methane vertical profiles.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyung Joo Lee, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Michael Fitzgibbon
Summary: This study investigated the changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution levels and their disparities in California, U.S. during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The results showed a decrease in NO2 concentrations, especially in urban and high-traffic areas. However, socially vulnerable populations still experienced higher levels of NO2 exposure. The study suggests that reducing NO2 disparities, particularly racial inequity, can be achieved through continued regulatory actions targeting traffic-related NOx emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Beatrice Biffi, Cristina Colombi, Eleonora Cuccia, Umberto Dal Santo, Luisa Romanato
Summary: This study investigates the chemical composition and oxidative potential of PM10 particles in the Po Valley, Italy, and demonstrates the impact of high levels of atmosphere ammonia. The rural area had significantly higher ammonia concentrations compared to the urban site, resulting in higher levels of secondary inorganic aerosol. Although the SIA components did not contribute significantly to the PM10 oxidative reactivity, they were correlated with the oxidative potential measurements. This suggests that the contribution of SIA to PM oxidative toxicity cannot be ignored.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalie Allen, Jan Gacnik, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Mae Sexauer Gustin
Summary: Accurate measurement of atmospheric reactive mercury is challenging due to its reactivity and low concentrations. The University of Nevada, Reno Reactive Mercury Active System (RMAS) has been shown to be more accurate than the industry standard, but has limitations including long time resolution and sampling biases. Increasing the sampling flow rate negatively affected RM concentrations, but did not impact the chemical composition of RM captured on membranes.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chin-Yu Hsu, Wei-Ting Hsu, Ching-Yi Mou, Pei-Yi Wong, Chih-Da Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen
Summary: This study estimated the daily exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for elderly individuals residing in different regions of Taiwan using land use regression with machine learning (LUR_ML) and microenvironmental exposure (ME) models. The accuracy of the models varied across regions, with the ME models exhibiting higher predictions and lower biases. The use of region-specific microenvironmental measurements in the ME model showed potential for accurate prediction of personal PM2.5 exposure.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Si, Kerrie Mengersen, Chuchu Ye, Wenbiao Hu
Summary: This study found that there is an interactive effect between air pollutants and weather factors, which significantly affects influenza transmission. Future research should consider the interactive effects between pollutants and temperature or humidity to evaluate the environment-influenza association.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luxi Xu, Ruijun Xu, Yunshao Ye, Rui Wang, Jing Wei, Chunxiang Shi, Qiaoxuan Lin, Ziquan Lv, Suli Huang, Qi Tian, Yuewei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ambient air pollution on hospital admissions for angina. The results showed that exposure to ambient particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone are associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for angina. The association with nitrogen dioxide exposure was found to be the strongest.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinyu Yu, Man Sing Wong, Majid Nazeer, Zhengqiang Li, Coco Yin Tung Kwok
Summary: This study proposes a novel method to address the challenge of missing values in satellite-derived AOD products and creates a comprehensive daily AOD dataset for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. By reconstructing missing values and developing a new model, the derived dataset outperforms existing products and agrees well with ground-based observations. Additionally, the dataset exhibits consistent temporal patterns and more spatial details.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yidan Zhang, Yifan Xu, Bo Peng, Wu Chen, Xiaoyu Cui, Tianle Zhang, Xi Chen, Yuan Yao, Mingjin Wang, Junyi Liu, Mei Zheng, Tong Zhu
Summary: This study developed a sensitive method to measure the metallic components of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and compared the results with different analysis methods. The concentrations of metallic components in personal PM2.5 samples were found to be significantly different from corresponding fixed-site samples. Personal sampling can reduce exposure misclassifications, and measuring metallic components is useful for exploring health risks and identifying sources of PM2.5.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jamie Leonard, Lea Ann El Rassi, Mona Abdul Samad, Samantha Prehn, Sanjay K. Mohanty
Summary: Increasing concentrations of microplastics in the Earth's atmosphere could have adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. The deposition rate of airborne microplastics is influenced by both land use and climate, and a global analysis suggests that climate may have a greater impact on the concentration and deposition rate of microplastics than land use.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tian Zhou, Xiaowen Zhou, Zining Yang, Carmen Cordoba-Jabonero, Yufei Wang, Zhongwei Huang, Pengbo Da, Qiju Luo, Zhijuan Zhang, Jinsen Shi, Jianrong Bi, Hocine Alikhodja
Summary: This study investigated the long-range transport and effects of North African and Middle Eastern dust in East Asia using lidar observations and model simulations. The results showed that the dust originated from multiple sources and had a long transport time. The vertical distribution of the dust was found to be crucial for assessing its impacts.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
