Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Di Huang, Tingting Liu, Junlong Liao, Sushila Maharjan, Xin Xie, Montserrat Perez, Ingrid Anaya, Shiwei Wang, Alan Tirado Mayer, Zhixin Kang, Weijia Kong, Valerio Luca Mainardi, Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares, German Garcia Martinez, Matteo Moretti, Weijia Zhang, Zhongze Gu, Amir M. Ghaemmaghami, Yu Shrike Zhang
Summary: This study introduces a physiologically relevant model of human pulmonary alveoli, utilizing a lung-on-a-chip platform with an inverse opal hydrogel structure and primary human alveolar epithelial cells. The integration of cyclic strain allows for biomimetic breathing events and investigation into pathological effects like smoking and SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviral infection. This unique method for reconstituting functional human pulmonary alveoli in vitro has the potential to advance research on physiological and pathological events in the distal lung.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Liege CG. Silva, Daniel SR. Angrimani, Fernanda M. Regazzi, Cristina F. Lucio, Gisele AL. Veiga, Claudia B. Fernandes, Camila I. Vannucchi
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the effects of exogenous surfactant treatment in combination with manual ventilation for preterm lambs. Results indicated that single instillation of surfactant led to lower oxygenation degree, while the double instillation group showed better oxygenation levels.
Review
Cell Biology
Jessica L. Christenson, Michelle M. Williams, Jennifer K. Richer
Summary: The alveolar epithelium plays a significant role in the progression of metastatic cancer, not only influencing the site of metastasis within the lungs but also impacting metastatic progression through interactions with surrounding cells.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Haberthur, Eveline Yao, Sebastien F. Barre, Tiziana P. Cremona, Stefan A. Tschanz, Johannes C. Schittny
Summary: The study investigated the development of pulmonary acini using three-dimensional data, revealing a significant increase in acinar volume over time with a gradual homogenization of size distribution.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao-Yue Chen, Kuan-Yuan Chen, Po-Hao Feng, Kang-Yun Lee, Yu-Ting Fang, You-Yin Chen, Yu-Chun Lo, Pankaj K. Bhavsar, Kian Fan Chung, Hsiao-Chi Chuang
Summary: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were found to ameliorate lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by regulating Yes-associated protein (YAP) and promoting the differentiation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII). The administration of hUC-MSCs improved pulmonary function, reduced inflammation, and mitigated lung injury in an ARDS mouse model.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hari Arora, Ria L. Mitchell, Richard Johnston, Marinos Manolesos, David Howells, Joseph M. Sherwood, Andrew J. Bodey, Kaz Wanelik
Summary: The study established an experimental pipeline for capturing alveolar deformations during a respiratory cycle using synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography. Regional differences in ventilation and non-uniform deformation behaviors were highlighted during the study. The technique presented can help characterize the multi-scale biomechanical nature of a given pathology to improve patient management strategies.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jintao Wang, Hao Jing, Yaning Feng, Haiwen Ge, Liang Chen, Jie Lin, Zhaojun Xi, Xinguang Cui
Summary: This study numerically investigates the behavior of Martian micro-particles in a human alveolar model under Martian gravity. It considers various physical and physiological factors and makes important findings: 1) Martian particle deposition is sensitive to alveolar direction and respiratory depth, but not to wall motion pattern; 2) particle size and density affect the starting time and duration of deposition; 3) compared to Earth gravity, deposition efficiency decreases and deposition time is prolonged under Martian gravity. It concludes that particle deposition under Martian gravity differs significantly from that under Earth gravity.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yueqing Zhou, Yujia Wang, Dandan Li, Ting Zhang, Yu Ma, Wei Zuo
Summary: The study focused on distal airway stem cells (DASCs) located in the airway basal epithelium of mammals, with the potential to regenerate the epithelium after injury. The research suggested that DASC transplantation could be a promising therapeutic approach in respiratory medicine, including COVID-19-related diseases.
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
DanHui Huang, JinZhong Zhuo, CuiPing Ye, XiaoFang Su, YueHua Chen, Cui Li, LiSan Lin, LaiYu Liu, Haijin Zhao, Tingyue Luo, QianNan Ren, JianHua Wu, Shaoxi Cai, Hangming Dong
Summary: This study found a strong correlation between pleural microbiota and metabolome in patients with MPE in lung adenocarcinoma. The metabolic profile of MPE was significantly different from that of benign pleural effusion. These findings provide important evidence for further therapeutic explorations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yunbo Feng, Qian Wang, Lunhao Zhi, Shudong Sun, Changsheng Zhao
Summary: This study constructs a biomimetic consecutive gas exchange network as an artificial lung membrane, simulating the physiological structure and gas exchange characteristics of natural alveoli. The composite membrane not only enhances gas permeation and CO2/O2 selectivity, but also exhibits good hemocompatibility and anticoagulation properties.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Matthias Ochs, Julia Schipke
Summary: This primer highlights the use of stereology for quantitative assessment of lung micro-structure and emphasizes its contribution to improving the quality of laboratory work and good scientific practice.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yixin Chen, Haimei Zhou, Huadong Wu, Wei Lu, Yuyong He
Summary: Proper development of the fetal lung is vital for the survival and healthy growth of pigs. This study found that supplementing pregnant sows with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can alleviate respiratory distress in neonatal piglets with a Hoxa1 mutation. The results showed that ATRA treatment improved the development of alveoli and pulmonary microvessels in the piglets, and regulated the expression of several genes associated with lung development.
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Lisandra Vila Ellis, Jichao Chen
Summary: Lung alveologenesis, the formation of the alveolar region, is a complex process involving three-dimensional morphology and cellular complexity. Modern imaging, genetics, and genomics are shedding light on and updating traditional views of alveologenesis.
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yida Wang, Xin Yang, Xingyu Tang, Xuan Wang, Yapei Li, Xiaohuan Lin, Xiao Dong, Dongliang Yang, Haiyan Zheng, Kuo Li, Ho-kwang Mao
Summary: The pressure gradient between high-pressure region and ambient-pressure environment in a diamond anvil cell can drive decomposition/elimination reactions, pushing out hydrogen from compounds and leading to the concept of a pressure-gradient-driven battery. This study demonstrates that a pressure gradient is a special and powerful force to drive decomposition and electrochemical reactions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hideko Onoda, Mayumi Higashi, Tomoyuki Murakami, Hiroyuki Tao, Shintaro Yokoyama, Yoshie Kunihiro, Reo Kawano, Masahiro Tanabe, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Tsuneo Matsumoto
Summary: The study evaluated the association between peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer and visceral pleural invasion, finding that a bridge tag sign on CT may improve the accuracy of predicting VPI.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Lars Knudsen, Matthias Ochs, Bradford J. Smith
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Lopez-Rodriguez, Gemma Gay-Jordi, Lars Knudsen, Matthias Ochs, Anna Serrano-Mollar
Summary: In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), intratracheal administration of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AE2C) has been shown to reverse fibrosis, but further research is needed to determine if this involves any improvement in alveolar dynamics.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Laurens J. De Sadeleer, John E. McDonough, Jonas C. Schupp, Xiting Yan, Arno Vanstapel, Anke Van Herck, Stephanie Everaerts, Vincent Geudens, Annelore Sacreas, Tinne Goos, Celine Aelbrecht, Tim S. Nawrot, Dries S. Martens, Dominique Schols, Sandra Claes, Johny A. Verschakelen, Eric K. Verbeken, Maximilian Ackermann, Anabelle Decottignies, Manon Mahieu, Tillie-Louise Hackett, James C. Hogg, Bart M. Vanaudenaerde, Stijn E. Verleden, Naftali Kaminski, Wim A. Wuyts
Summary: This study identified molecular traits that characterize the morphological progression of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) and their associations with clinical behavior. Comparing with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the transcriptome landscape is determined by local disease extent rather than diagnosis alone.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marie T. Moog, Christopher Hinze, Tina Bormann, Franziska Aschenbrenner, Lars Knudsen, David S. DeLuca, Danny Jonigk, Lavinia Neubert, Tobias Welte, Jack Gauldie, Martin Kolb, Ulrich A. Maus
Summary: Research has found accumulations of B cells in patients with pulmonary fibrosis as well as in experimental animal models. However, comparative analysis between wild-type mice and B cell-deficient mice does not support a significant involvement of B cells in mouse lung fibrogenesis.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Knoell, Shashi Chillappagari, Lars Knudsen, Martina Korfei, Ruth Dartsch, Danny Jonigk, Mark P. Kuehnel, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Andreas Guenther, Poornima Mahavadi
Summary: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria (mito) play a vital role in alveolar type II cell (AEC2) homeostasis and are both stressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. This study shows that ER-mitochondrial tethering is reduced in IPF AEC2 and experimental ER stress, partly due to decreased PACS2 protein levels. Treatment with the TRPV1-modulating drug capsaicin (CPS) restores PACS2 levels and reduces alveolar epithelial apoptosis, suggesting therapeutic potential in IPF.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Petra Khan, Julien Roux, Sabrina Blumer, Lars Knudsen, Danny Jonigk, Mark P. Kuehnel, Michael Tamm, Katrin E. Hostettler
Summary: In this study, it was found that cultured alveolar basal cells have the potential to differentiate into secretory epithelial-like cells and aberrant basaloid-like cells. However, due to the persistent expression of KRT5, a complete differentiation into aberrant basaloid cells was not achieved in the culture conditions. Importantly, differentiation seemed reversible by changing the cells microenvironment.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Petra Khan, Kleanthis Fytianos, Sabrina Blumer, Julien Roux, Amiq Gazdhar, Spasenija Savic, Lars Knudsen, Danny Jonigk, Mark P. Kuehnel, Sofia Mykoniati, Michael Tamm, Thomas Geiser, Katrin E. Hostettler
Summary: This study confirmed the presence of basal-like cells in peripheral lung tissue of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and investigated their paracrine effects on fibroblasts. The findings suggest that basal-like cells may play a role in limiting aberrant fibroblast activation and differentiation in IPF through paracrine mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Henri Schulte, Andreas Schmiedl, Christian Muehlfeld, Lars Knudsen
Summary: This study compared the effects of active cadaver dissection and e-learning resources on the learning of anatomy by medical students. The results showed no differences between the two groups in motivation and interest in anatomy, but the non-dissection group had higher concerns about the Covid-19 pandemic. There were no differences in the scores of the knowledge test between the two groups before and after the educational intervention, but after the course, the dissection group demonstrated higher confidence levels and better scores in image-based questions. Students who frequently used online quizzes scored higher in the knowledge test. The study suggests that active dissection should be reintroduced in anatomical curricula in the post-pandemic era.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kleanthis Fytianos, Ronja Schliep, Sofia Mykoniati, Petra Khan, Katrin E. Hostettler, Michael Tamm, Amiq Gazdhar, Lars Knudsen, Thomas Geiser
Summary: The overexpression of SDF-1 beta can reduce collagen deposition, improve lung histology, and induce apoptosis of myofibroblasts. Additionally, it increases alveolar epithelial cell numbers and proliferation, showing potential as a new approach for the treatment of lung fibrosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arvind Konkimalla, Satoshi Konishi, Yoshihiko Kobayashi, Preetish Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy, Lauren Macadlo, Ananya Mukherjee, Zachary Elmore, So-Jin Kim, Ann Marie Pendergast, Patty J. Lee, Aravind Asokan, Lars Knudsen, Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero, Aleksandra Tata, Purushothama Rao Tata
Summary: Epithelial cells have a single apical domain, and alveolar type-2 epithelial cells (AT2s) can have multiple apical domains that support multiple alveoli. AT2s dynamically reorganize multiple apical domains during development and injury repair. Dysregulation of multiple apical domains can occur with cigarette smoke and oncogene activation.
Article
Physiology
Alex M. Reimelt, Dragos M. Vasilescu, Richard Beare, Jonas Labode, Lars Knudsen, Roman Grothausmann
Summary: This study investigates the alveolar morphomics in different lobes of human lungs and finds that the alveoli in the upper lobes have larger volumes and surface areas compared to the lower lobes, and there are fewer connections between alveoli in the upper lobes. This approach provides baseline measures for in-depth studies of mechanical conditions and morphology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Alison M. Wallbank, Alyssa E. Vaughn, Steve Niemiec, Jill Bilodeaux, Tanner Lehmann, Lars Knudsen, Elayaraja Kolanthai, Sudipta Seal, Carlos Zgheib, Eva Nozik, Kenneth W. Liechty, Bradford J. Smith
Summary: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a high mortality rate (around 40%) and often requires mechanical ventilation. The inflamed and injured lung is susceptible to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). This study investigated whether treatment with CNP-miR146a, a conjugate of novel free radical scavenging cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP) to the anti-inflammatory microRNA (miR)-146a, could protect murine lungs from acute lung injury (ALI) induced by endotoxin and subsequent VILI. The results showed that CNP-miR146a reduced the severity of ALI and slowed down the progression of VILI, indicating its potential as a therapeutic approach.
NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Lars Knudsen, Benjamin Hummel, Christoph Wrede, Richard Zimmermann, Carrie E. Perlman, Bradford J. Smith
Summary: Within the pulmonary acini, ventilation and blood perfusion occur on a large surface area, separated by a thin blood-gas barrier, allowing efficient gas exchange. Lung diseases can lead to abnormalities in micromechanics, which can cause damage to the blood-gas barrier. The mechanisms of adaptation to increased alveolar volume include unfolding, stretching, and shape changes. Techniques such as imaging and stereology can be used to study these processes. However, real-time visualization is currently not possible.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jill Bilodeaux, Huda Farooqi, Maria Osovskaya, Alexander Sosa, Alison Wallbank, Lars Knudsen, Peter D. Sottile, David J. Albers, Bradford J. Smith
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sarah C. Scharm, Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop, Moritz Willmann, Jens Vogel-Claussen, Lars Knudsen, Danny Jonigk, Jan Fuge, Tobias Welte, Frank Wacker, Antje Prasse, Hoen-oh Shin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between increased ventilation at baseline CT and morphological changes suggestive of fibrosis in follow-up CT. The results showed significant density increases and volume loss in areas of severely increased ventilation, particularly in high attenuation areas.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)