Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilya O. Starodumov, Sergey Yu Sokolov, Dmitri Alexandrov, Andrey Yu Zubarev, Ivan S. Bessonov, Vasily V. Chestukhin, Felix A. Blyakhman
Summary: This study conducted patient-specific hemodynamics modelling of severe coronary artery disease, taking into account standard angiographic data obtained before and after myocardial revascularization by stenting. By using a non-Newtonian fluid model and an original algorithm, key characteristics of blood flow were determined to analyze the features of coronary disease and its treatment consequences. The results of hemodynamic modelling near bifurcation sites were presented, emphasizing on physical, physiological, and clinical phenomena to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. The main limitations and potential ways to minimize them were also discussed.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louis Garber, Seyedvahid Khodaei, Nima Maftoon, Zahra Keshavarz-Motamed
Summary: In recent years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as the leading method for treating aortic stenosis. However, there are still uncertainties about the impact of TAVR on coronary blood flow, and current technologies for non-invasive assessment of coronary blood flow are limited. This study presents a computational model that can simulate coronary blood flow and generate cardiovascular hemodynamic metrics, providing insight into the individual relationships between TAVR and mean and peak coronary flow rates.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jeremie Vasseur, Fabian B. Wadsworth, Jason P. Coumans, Donald B. Dingwell
Summary: Researchers studied the permeability of packs of spheres with different sizes and porosities through numerical simulations and fluid flow experiments, finding some patterns. Results were well-fitted with cubic arrays of spheres model at porosities greater than 0.38, and the Kozeny-Carman relationship provided a good approximation for packs of closely packed spheres with low porosities.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dong Yong, Minjie Chen, Yujie Zhao, Jianli Wang, Liu Ze, Pengfei Li, Xiangling Lai, Xiujian Liu, Del Ser Javier
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of an IVUS-FFR analysis based on generative adversarial networks and bifurcation fractal law, and found that it correlates well with invasive FFR and has a shorter computation time compared to FFR-branch.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jun Jiang, Changqing Du, Yumeng Hu, Hong Yuan, Jianhua Wang, Yibin Pan, Lifang Bao, Liang Dong, Changling Li, Yong Sun, Xiaochang Leng, Jianping Xiang, Lijiang Tang, Jian'an Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based technology, called AccuFFRct, for diagnosing functionally significant lesions using coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) as a reference. The results showed that AccuFFRct performed well in detecting hemodynamically significant coronary stenoses.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peshala T. Gamage, Pengfei Dong, Juhwan Lee, Yazan Gharaibeh, Vladislav N. Zimin, Hiram G. Bezerra, David L. Wilson, Linxia Gu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of side branches on fractional flow reserve (FFR) estimation. The results show that side branches decrease the total resistance of the vessel tree, leading to a higher inlet flowrate. Side branches located downstream of stenosis result in lower FFR values.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul D. Morris, Rebecca Gosling, Iwona Zwierzak, Holli Evans, Louise Aubiniere-Robb, Krzysztof Czechowicz, Paul C. Evans, D. Rodney Hose, Patricia Lawford, Andrew J. Narracott, Julian P. Gunn
Summary: The study developed and validated a novel method to predict absolute coronary blood flow and microvascular resistance in the catheter laboratory, which showed high accuracy in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
John S. S. Shahat, Ahmed Ashraf Soliman, Sayed Gomaa, Attia Mahmoud Attia
Summary: The world is facing a severe energy crisis due to the increasing demand for energy surpassing its supply. Improved oil recovery techniques are needed to provide affordable energy. This research aims to establish accurate reservoir characterization techniques based on electrical rock properties obtained from logging tools. By modifying the Resistivity Zone Index equation, a new technique called Electrical Tortuosity Index (ETI) is developed, which accurately estimates rock types, flow zone indicators, permeability, tortuosity, and irreducible water saturation for uncored wells. This technique shows high accuracy compared to existing methods, with correlation coefficients of determination (R (2)) equal to 0.98 and 0.99.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhuxun Tang, Yueting Zhou, Lifang Ma, Jian Li
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of three porous structures on the flow properties of implants at different porosity. Computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate the flow performance of the three different scaffolds, and the physical parameters and performance were compared. The results showed that the pore shape and porosity greatly affected the physical parameters and performance of the structures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOPRINTING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hossein Pourrahmani, Jan Van Herle
Summary: The study shows that the permeability and porosity of GDL have a significant impact on liquid removal and system performance, with higher permeability and porosity enhancing GDL liquid removal effectiveness.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lihua Yu, Xiuyu Chen, Runjianya Ling, Yarong Yu, Wenyi Yang, Jianqing Sun, Jiayin Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the value of a radiomics-based model of pericoronary adipose tissue combined with CT fractional flow reserve in predicting hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis. The results showed that the CT-FFR model had the highest predictive performance, and combining the CT-FFR model with the radiomics model further improved the diagnostic performance.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu-Fang Hsieh, Chih-Kuo Lee, Weichung Wang, Yu-Cheng Huang, Wen-Jeng Lee, Tzung-Dau Wang, Cheng-Ying Chou
Summary: This study focuses on utilizing a territory-based patient-specific approach derived from CCTA to estimate FFR and WSS for coronary arteries. The non-invasive simulation aids in diagnosing coronary stenosis significance and myocardial ischemia probability. By simulating fluid dynamics, mass flow rate estimation and FFR/WSS derivation can be achieved. The territory-based method shows high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in distinguishing between significant and non-significant stenosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abdulgaphur Athani, Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Abdullah Y. Usmani, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Ali E. Anqi, Nandalur Ameer Ahammad
Summary: This article explores the influence of multi stenosis in a flexible and rigid left coronary artery model using two-way fluid-solid interaction (FSI) and numerical simulations. The study found that there is significant pressure drops and wall shear stress across severe stenosis, leading to increased blood flow velocity across the restricted regions and the formation of a recirculation zone at the post-stenosis and bifurcation regions. It was also observed that the rigid models tended to overestimate hemodynamic descriptors compared to the FSI models.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Mohammadali Sharzehee, Yasamin Seddighi, Eugene A. Sprague, Ender A. Finol, Hai-Chao Han
Summary: This study compared the hemodynamic effects of myocardial bridging (MB) and coronary stenosis, showing that the difference between MB and stenosis increased with severity and flowrate. Experimental results revealed that MB had a higher maximum and lower mean pressure drop compared to stenosis in all scenarios.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Shanqin Jin, Heather Peng, Wei Qiu, Chad Oldfield, Barton Stockdill
Summary: This paper presents the development of best Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) modeling practices for simulations of propeller-hull interaction using Star-CCM+. The best propeller modeling methods and parameters were recommended based on convergence studies and validation experiments.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
S. M. Ibrahim, S. A. Shehzad, F. Mabood, I. A. Badruddin, T. Ambreen
Summary: This study investigates the steady-state, incompressible flow and energy transportation of water-based copper oxide nanofluid past a linear stretching sheet through suction/injection. The effects of magnetohydrodynamics, radiation, and entropy generation are considered. Nonlinear equations are transformed into single independent variable equations using appropriate similarity transformations. Numerical computations are carried out using the Fehlberg scheme. The study examines the impact of influential constraints on dimensionless physical quantities and reports detailed findings. Key observations include higher velocity and weaker temperature with increasing stretching constraint values, reduced irreversibility ratio with emerging stretching strength constraint, decaying Bejan number with higher magnetic constraint, and opposite impacts of blowing and suction on skin-friction factors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Azhar Equbal, Shafi Ahmad, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Zahid A. Khan, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Syed Javed
Summary: The machining performance of a novel ABS P400 based EDM electrode was investigated experimentally in this study. Three EDM parameters, current (I), pulse on time (T-on) and pulse off time (T-off), each at three levels, were considered, and mild steel was machined using these electrodes based on the response surface methodology (RSM) and the face-centred central composite design (FCCCD). Machining performances such as material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (SR) were measured. The effects of the EDM parameters on the machining performances were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), response graphs and 3D surface plots. The teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) algorithm was used to determine the optimal combination of EDM parameters for multi-performance. The effectiveness of the new electrodes was validated by comparing their machining performances with those of the already developed electrode at the same machining parameter setting. The MRR and TWR of the new electrode were found to be in good agreement with those of the already produced electrodes. However, the surface roughness (SR) of the machined surface using the new electrodes was relatively higher.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vivek Pandey, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Addisu Bekele Alemayehu
Summary: Diesel fuel blends with biodiesels can mitigate the rising price and demand of conventional fuels, as well as reduce engine emissions. The addition of CeO2 nanoparticles in Calophyllum Inophyllum methyl ester biodiesel (CIMEBD) improves engine performance and emissions. Ceria NP-doped biodiesel shows better engine performance and lower emissions compared to diesel-biodiesel (BD) blend, with optimum ceria NP size in the range of 20-40 nm.
Article
Mathematics
Ali Najem Alkawaz, Jeevan Kanesan, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Mohamed Hussien, Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig, N. Ameer Ahammad
Summary: This study presents two models of self-organizing map (SOM) formulated as an optimal control problem. The first model focuses on the weight updating equation of the best matching units in each iteration, while the second model considers the weight updating equation of all nodes in the SOM. The SOMOC2 model performs better by considering all nodes in the Hamiltonian equation and produces a greater improvement in terms of mean quantization error.
Review
Energy & Fuels
M. M. Hasan, Shakhawat Hossain, M. Mofijur, Zobaidul Kabir, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, T. M. Yunus Khan, Esam Jassim
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of an integrated solar energy system, including photovoltaic technologies, solar thermal systems, and energy storage solutions. It emphasizes the importance of solar energy as a renewable resource and its role in addressing global energy demand and mitigating climate change.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Santhana Sellamuthu, Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Khalisanni Khalid, Shahjalal Mohd. Shibly, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Masud Rana, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, H. M. T. Khaleed, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Mohd. Rafie Bin Johan, Mohamed Hussein, Ajita Mitra, Abu Nasser Faisal
Summary: In this research, activated carbon was synthesized from ligno-cellulosic residues of Baobab wood chips using microwave-induced heating in the presence of K2CO3. The process parameters and their effects on the quality of the carbon were analyzed, and the samples were characterized using various techniques.
Article
Thermodynamics
Muhammad Faisal, Kanayo Kenneth Asogwa, Fazle Mabood, Irfan Anjum Badruddin
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of a hybrid nanofluid consisting of (Fe3O4+Al2O3)/water over a porous Riga stretching surface using the Cattaneo-Christov double-diffusion theory. The thermophysical attributes of solid particles and base fluid are considered, and the transport equations of fluid dynamics are solved numerically. The results show that the hybrid nanofluid exhibits more effective streamlines and isotherms compared to the traditional nanofluid, while the temperature is reduced for the hybrid nanofluid.
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nimra Muqaddass, Fazle Mabood, Sabir Ali Shehzad, Fareeha Sahar, Irfan Anjum Badruddin
Summary: This study numerically investigates the heat transportation of a hybrid nanofluid (CuAl2O3 -H2O) over a convectively unsteady heated stretching sheet. The effects of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and various parameters on temperature, local Nusselt number, skin-friction factor, and velocity are illustrated through graphs. Comparisons with previous results show decent agreement. The boundary-layer thickness and temperature profile are improved by adding nanoparticles of Cu and Al2O3 to the base fluid, but the velocity profile shows an opposite behavior. Increasing the heat transportation rate leads to higher values of the Biot number closer to the surface.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tamiru Kebede, Mulualem Abebe, Dhakshnamoorthy Mani, Jibin Keloth Paduvilan, Lishin Thottathi, Aparna Thankappan, Sabu Thomas, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Abdul Saddique Shaik, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Fekadu Gochole Aga, Jung Yong Kim
Summary: In this study, a self-doped CsPbI3 thin film was fabricated by incorporating excess cesium iodide (CsI) and the effect of organic additives on its properties was investigated. The results showed that the self-doping strategy with additive engineering can help fabricate a black α-phase perovskite. However, mixed phases of d-CsPbI3, α-CsPbI3, and Cs4PbI6 were observed under ambient conditions, providing insight into the stability of metastable α-phase CsPbI3 at room temperature.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mallesh B. Sanjeevannavar, Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, V. Dananjaya Kumar, Ashok M. Sajjan, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Chandramouli Vadlamudi, Sanjay Krishnappa, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Rahmath Ulla Baig, T. M. Yunus Khan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different biodiesel blends with hydrogen peroxide additive on the performance and emissions of an internal combustion engine. The results show that certain biodiesel blends achieve higher brake thermal efficiencies and the blend D60JB30A10 exhibits the lowest emissions levels. Additionally, the study explores the possibility of using machine learning techniques to predict engine performance and emissions.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Ahmed Elsayid Ali, Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Ramprosad Devnath, Md. Mostak Ahmed, Md. Mahfujur Rahman, Khalisanni Khalid, Yasmin Abdul Wahab, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Mohamed Hussien, Khalid Husain Pallan, Ajita Mitra
Summary: Rapid growth in various industrial fields has introduced new environmental risks, especially in the textile industry where advancements in dyeing technologies have led to the emergence of toxic dyes. Azo dyes, commonly used in textiles, can cause deadly diseases in humans and animals when introduced into the environment through wastewater discharge. Activated carbon is a potential solution for removing azo dyes, but further research is needed to understand its effectiveness for different types of dyes.
