Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Caroline Conchon, Elodie Sprungli-Toffel, Luis Alameda, Anne Edan, Barbara Bailey, Alessandra Solida, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Philippe Conus, Afroditi Kapsaridi, Davina Genoud, Aureliano Crameri, Sondes Jouabli, Camille Caron, Carmina Grob, Julia Gros, Smeralda Senn, Logos Curtis, Ana Liso Navarro, Remy Barbe, Nathalie Nanzer, Evelyn Herbrecht, Christian G. Huber, Nadia Micali, Marco Armando, Stefan Borgwardt, Christina Andreou
Summary: The PsyYoung project aims to optimize the detection of an at-risk mental state (ARMS) and reduce unnecessary psychiatric treatments. It investigates the effects of service changes on referrals and outcomes of young people with ARMS or a first episode of psychosis (FEP). By implementing a standardized stepped care model, increasing awareness and training of professionals, the project aims to harmonize clinical practices in early intervention of psychosis on a national level.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Izkhakov, Yacov Shacham, Merav Serebro, Iris Yaish, Yonit Marcus, Gabi Shefer, Karen Tordjman, Yona Greenman, Naftali Stern, Tomer Ziv-Baran
Summary: This study examined the effect of monotherapy with the PSCK9 inhibitor evolocumab on high-risk cardiovascular patients, showing significant reductions in lipid profile and aldosterone levels after 3 months of treatment. The findings suggest that reductions in aldosterone secretion under evolocumab therapy may be associated with decreased cardiovascular events.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Scott M. Grundy, Neil J. Stone, Roger S. Blumenthal, Lynne T. Braun, Paul A. Heidenreich, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Carl E. Orringer, Joseph J. Saseen, Sidney C. Smith, Laurence S. Sperling, Salim S. Virani
Summary: Most high-risk ASCVD patients are not treated with high-intensity statins despite evidence of benefit. These patients include those with ASCVD (secondary prevention) and high-risk patients without clinical ASCVD. It is recommended to use high-intensity statins for these patients.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federica Fogacci, Marina Giovannini, Elisa Grandi, Egidio Imbalzano, Daniela Degli Esposti, Claudio Borghi, Arrigo F. G. Cicero
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of patients eligible for treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors in a real-life clinical setting in Italy before and after the recent enlargement of reimbursement criteria. Based on our observations, the application of enlarged reimbursement criteria for PCSK9 inhibitors could mildly improve the management of high-risk hypercholesterolemic subjects in the outpatient lipid clinic.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuhui Zhang, Li Wang, Benjamin J. Tombling, Carmen Lammi, Yen-Hua Huang, Yue Li, Martina Bartolomei, Bin Hong, David J. Craik, Conan K. Wang
Summary: Optimization of peptide stability is an effective approach for developing peptides as alternatives to approved monoclonal antibodies. It can improve the activity of cholesterol-lowering and is particularly important for targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin-like/kexin type 9 (PCSK9).
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessia Silla, Federica Fogacci, Angela Punzo, Silvana Hrelia, Patrizia Simoni, Cristiana Caliceti, Arrigo F. G. Cicero
Summary: Atherosclerosis and ASCVD can be improved by reducing the levels of LDL cholesterol. A new injectable antibody targeting PCSK9, called Evolocumab, has been approved for better lipid control in high-risk individuals. The use of Evolocumab has shown significant improvement in blood pressure and arterial pulse wave velocity, as well as a decrease in H2O2 production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tadeja Sotler, Miran Sebestjen
Summary: Disturbances in lipid metabolism are a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an important protein in lipid metabolism that is also involved in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerotic plaque development. PCSK9 has been linked to inflammation and plays a role in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Experimental studies have shown that an increased concentration of PCSK9 accelerates endothelial cell apoptosis and impairs endothelial function, creating conditions for the development of atherosclerosis. PCSK9 inhibitors can improve clinical outcomes through both lipid-dependent and lipid-independent pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianca Costa Soares de Sa, Luciana Facure Moredo, Giovana Tardin Torrezan, Felipe Fidalgo, erica Sara Souza de Araujo, Maria Nirvana Formiga, Joao Pereira Duprat, Dirce Maria Carraro
Summary: In Brazilian melanoma-prone families, the frequency of germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance genes is low, while the high prevalence of MC1R gene variants in patients highlights its importance in the risk of melanoma in Brazil.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yanan Guo, Binjie Yan, Yu Gui, Zhihan Tang, Shi Tai, Shenghua Zhou, Xi-Long Zheng
Summary: PCSK9 plays a crucial role in vascular diseases by regulating LDL cholesterol levels, and monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9 have shown to reduce LDL levels and cardiovascular events, leading to potential advancements in lipid-lowering therapy and disease prevention.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarina Ataei, Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni, Shiva Ganjali, Maciej Banach, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenic potential of a carrier-free peptide-based anti-PCSK9 vaccine in albino mice. The results showed that the vaccine induced a significant production of IgG antibodies and inhibited PCSK9 concentrations and its interaction with LDLR in the blood plasma.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alisha Aman, Eric A. W. Slob, Joey Ward, Breda Cullen, Nicholas Graham, Donald M. Lyall, Naveed Sattar, Rona J. Strawbridge
Summary: Prescription of PCSK9 inhibitors has increased in recent years, but little is known about its off-target effects. This study found that genetically reduced PCSK9 gene-expression levels were significantly associated with reduced PCSK9 protein levels, but not with increased risk of mood disorder-related traits. Further investigation demonstrated that reduced USP24 gene-expression levels were significantly associated with increased risk of mood instability and neuroticism score, but not with PCSK9 protein levels.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Duk-Woo Park, Do-Yoon Kang, Jung-Min Ahn, Sung-Cheol Yun, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Seung-Ho Hur, Cheol Hyun Lee, Won-Jang Kim, Se Hun Kang, Chul Soo Park, Bong-Ki Lee, Jung-Won Suh, Jung Han Yoon, Jae Woong Choi, Kee-Sik Kim, Si Wan Choi, Su Nam Lee, Seung-Jung Park, POST-PCI Invest
Summary: Among high-risk patients who underwent PCI, a follow-up strategy of routine functional testing did not improve clinical outcomes at 2 years when compared to standard care alone.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marco Colamonici, Nader Khouzam, Catherine Dell, Kristin Auge-Bronersky, Esther Pacheco, Israel Rubinstein, Bradley Recht
Summary: This study successfully increased lung cancer screening referrals by primary care providers through patient education, shared decision-making, and tracking of initial LDCT completion. It was found that a proportion of patients did not show up for the screening, which may be influenced by racial and socioeconomic factors. Additionally, the initial lung cancer risk assessment reports had a slightly higher prevalence of higher-grade scores than expected. Therefore, a large-scale, multisite quality improvement project is needed to address transportation barriers in high-risk patient populations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ziqing Wang, Jian Li
Summary: Developments in neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy have increased the number of breast cancer survivors. Determining appropriate follow-up care for these patients is crucial. Deaths from cardiovascular disease are significant in breast cancer patients. This review suggests that chemotherapeutic agents may impact lipoprotein(a) concentrations in breast cancer survivors after chemotherapy, potentially increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Further clinical trials are needed to establish a possible causal relationship. Existing and emerging therapies, such as hormone replacement therapy and statins, may lower Lp(a) concentrations and decrease the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wenfang Ma, Xiying Guo, Yiming Ma, Zhao Hu
Summary: PCSK9 mAbs effectively reduce the risk of MACEs, stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients at high cardiovascular risk compared to placebo. However, they are not superior to ezetimibe in preventing adverse cardiovascular events, highlighting the need for RCTs with long-term follow-up and cardiovascular events as the research endpoint.
