Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruyue Fan, Zuowang Cheng, Zhisheng Huang, Ying Yang, Na Sun, Bin Hu, Peibin Hou, Bo Liu, Chuanjun Huang, Shuai Liu
Summary: Increased expression of TREM-1 and TREM-2 was found in COVID-19 patients and correlated with disease severity. sTREM-2 level was negatively correlated with PaO2/FiO2, and positively correlated with CRP, PCT and IL-6 levels. sTREM-1 and sTREM-2 exhibited potential predictive abilities, and their expression was equivalent to CRP and IL-6, and better than absolute leukocyte or neutrophil counts and PCT in distinguishing disease severity.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sara Siskind, Max Brenner, Ping Wang
Summary: TREM-1, an upregulated pattern recognition receptor in inflammatory diseases, can amplify immune responses. The excessive activation of TREM-1 and increased levels of circulating sTREM-1 have been found to be associated with increased mortality in sepsis patients. Therefore, targeting TREM-1 could be a promising strategy for sepsis treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Francesca Bartoli-Leonard, Jonas Zimmer, Abhijeet R. R. Sonawane, Katelyn Perez, Mandy E. E. Turner, Shiori Kuraoka, Tan Pham, Feifei Li, Masanori Aikawa, Sasha Singh, Luke Brewster, Elena Aikawa
Summary: The study reveals the significant role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in peripheral arterial disease (PAD), contributing to macrophage accumulation and calcification in the arteries of PAD patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Cui Li, Oliver Kitzerow, Fujiao Nie, Jingxuan Dai, Xiaoyan Liu, Mark A. Carlson, George P. Casale, Iraklis I. Pipinos, Xiaowei Li
Summary: PAD is a progressive atherosclerotic disorder with challenges in treatment. Current research focuses on developing modalities that induce angiogenesis, and biomaterials have potential as a treatment method.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Magdolna Nagy, Paola E. J. van der Meijden, Julia Glunz, Leon Schurgers, Esther Lutgens, Hugo ten Cate, Stefan Heitmeier, Henri M. H. Spronk
Summary: This review focuses on the important factors of atherosclerosis contributing to the pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The role of thrombo-inflammation and hypercoagulability in vascular diseases, including PAD, is discussed. The current antithrombotic treatments and potential new targets for the development of new treatments are also examined.
Article
Immunology
Ke Wu, Yue-ying Liu, Shuai Shao, Wei Song, Xing-han Chen, Yu-ting Dong, Yong-mei Zhang
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that often leads to comorbidities such as pain and psychological symptoms. This study focuses on the role of TREM-1 and TREM-2, immune receptors expressed on microglia, in IBD-related neuropathology. The findings suggest that modifying the balance of TREM-1 and TREM-2 can improve outcomes and provide insight into mechanism-based therapy for inflammatory disorders.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Angelika Silbereisen, Ronaldo Lira-Junior, Sigvard Akerman, Bjorn Klinge, Elisabeth A. A. Bostrom, Nagihan Bostanci
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of age, sex, smoking, and different oral and systemic non-communicable diseases on the levels of TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 in saliva. The results showed that salivary TREM-1 is associated with periodontitis and caries, while PGLYRP1 is associated with gingival inflammation and caries. Furthermore, TREM-1 levels are modified by smoking, while PGLYRP1 is modified by sex and muscle and joint diseases. Therefore, TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 in saliva could serve as potential biomarkers for detecting and monitoring non-communicable diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christine Espinola-Klein, Gerhard Weisser, Volker Schmitt, Melanie Schwaderlapp, Thomas Munzel
Summary: Antithrombotic therapy is highly effective in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE) in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Dual pathway inhibition with low-dose rivaroxaban and acetylic salicylic acid (ASA) has demonstrated superiority in preventing MACE and MALE compared to ASA alone. However, it also increases the risk of major bleeding. Current guidelines recommend the combination of low-dose rivaroxaban and ASA for PAD patients with low bleeding risk, while a single antiplatelet drug, preferably clopidogrel, is indicated for those with high bleeding risk. For patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease requiring oral anticoagulation, additional antiplatelet therapy is not necessary to avoid an increased risk of bleeding without improving prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yue Dong, Yuankang Liu, Panpan Cheng, Hongli Liao, Cuiping Jiang, Ying Li, Shuhua Liu, Xiangyang Xu
Summary: This study explores the two different types of lower limb arterial calcification: intimal calcification and medial calcification. Intimal calcification is associated with atherosclerosis, while medial calcification is linked to age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Understanding the mechanisms of both types in PAD patients is crucial for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
F. Canet, P. Diaz-Pozo, C. Luna-Marco, M. Fernandez-Reyes, T. Vezza, M. Marti, J. D. Salazar, I Roldan, C. Morillas, S. Rovira-Llopis, M. Rocha, V. M. Victor
Summary: This study evaluated the bioenergetic and redox state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and found impaired mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and abnormal autophagy in leukocytes. These mechanisms contribute to an increased risk of atherosclerosis by augmenting leukocyte-endothelial interactions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Goren Saenz-Pipaon, Esther Martinez-Aguilar, Josune Orbe, Arantxa Gonzalez Miqueo, Leopoldo Fernandez-Alonso, Jose Antonio Paramo, Carmen Roncal
Summary: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities is a chronic illness predominantly caused by atherosclerosis and associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. It is highly prevalent in subjects over 65 years old and is expected to increase significantly with the aging population, posing a severe socioeconomic issue in the future. Poor prognosis of PAD may lead to impaired walking function and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Reliable biomarkers and machine learning methods have the potential to improve identification and personalized treatment of PAD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anastasios Panagopoulos, Saurabhi Samant, Jules Joel Bakhos, Martin Liu, Behram Khan, Janaki Makadia, Fayaz Muhammad, Forrest M. Kievit, Devendra K. Agrawal, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: TREM-1 is a transmembrane protein that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Activation of TREM-1 pathways leads to inflammation and plaque destabilization. Inhibiting TREM-1 can attenuate the inflammatory process and promote plaque stabilization.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clemence Bechelli, Diane Macabrey, Sebastien Deglise, Florent Allagnat
Summary: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects a significant number of individuals worldwide and has detrimental effects on quality of life and overall health. Unfortunately, PAD is often overlooked and not adequately treated compared to other cardiovascular conditions. PAD is a complex disease involving arterial atherosclerosis, calcification, and microvascular abnormalities, resulting in chronic ischemia. Novel therapies such as hydrogen sulfide show promise in mitigating the destructive effects of PAD by providing vasorelaxant, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sergio Jansen-Chaparro, Maria D. Lopez-Carmona, Lidia Cobos-Palacios, Jaime Sanz-Canovas, M. Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Ricardo Gomez-Huelgas
Summary: PAD is a common atherosclerotic condition that can lead to decreased quality of life and increased risk of cardiac or cerebrovascular events. Statins are recommended for reducing cardiovascular events and mortality in PAD patients, but the prescribing rate is lower than in patients with coronary heart disease.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Anthony Pio Dimech, Samuel Anthony Galea, Kevin Cassar, Matthew Joe Grima
Summary: Malta, a small island with a population of 514,564, established a Vascular unit in 2007 which led to a reduction in major amputation rates and an increase in minor amputation rates and revascularisation procedures. The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been on the rise in Malta, along with an aging population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas Muenzel, Tommaso Gori
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lukas Hobohm, Ioannis T. Farmakis, Karsten Keller, Barbara Scibior, Anna C. Mavromanoli, Ingo Sagoschen, Thomas Muenzel, Ingo Ahrens, Stavros Konstantinides
Summary: This study systematically investigated the composition and clinical value of multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response teams (PERTs). The results showed that PERT implementation led to greater use of advanced therapies and shorter in-hospital stay, but did not show a survival benefit in patients with PE.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas Muenzel, Andreas Daiber, Omar Hahad
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jonas Pielenhofer, Sophie Luise Meiser, Karsten Gogoll, Anna-Maria Ciciliani, Mark Denny, Michael Klak, Berenice M. M. Lang, Petra Staubach, Stephan Grabbe, Hansjoerg Schild, Markus P. P. Radsak, Hilde Spahn-Langguth, Peter Langguth
Summary: This article demonstrates the application of quality by design (QbD) in the development of a nanoparticulate imiquimod emulsion gel formulation. The critical quality attributes (CQAs) and critical process parameters (CPPs) were identified and optimized, leading to consistent quality and minimal batch-to-batch variability. The model validation showed good correlation between predicted and observed values.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Recha Blessing, Ioannis Drosos, Thomas Muenzel, Philip Wenzel, Tommaso Gori, Zisis Dimitriadis
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in right atrial function after revascularization of right coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO). Transthoracic echocardiography with strain imaging was used to assess right atrial function in 55 patients undergoing CTO recanalization. The results showed that successful revascularization improved right atrial function.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas Muenzel, Omar Hahad, Andreas Daiber
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Viola Krenzlin, Johannes Schoche, Sarah Walachowski, Christoph Reinhardt, Markus P. Radsak, Markus Bosmann
Summary: Polyphosphates are highly conserved polymers found in all living cells. The administration of long-chain polyphosphates to mice resulted in proinflammatory responses and lung injury. These effects were attenuated after neutrophil depletion. Long-chain polyphosphates were found to modulate cytokine release and immune response in both mouse and human neutrophils. The findings suggest that polyphosphates could be a potential therapeutic target for bacterial infections.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Gogishvili, Ezequiel Farrher, Christopher E. J. Doppler, Aline Seger, Michael Sommerauer, N. Jon Shah
Summary: The aim of this study was to quantify the metabolic profile of the human putamen in elderly subjects using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A correction method was investigated to account for tissue composition, and compared with the conventional approach. Concentrations of metabolites were compared at 3T and 7T MRI scanners. The study obtained comprehensive quantification of the neurochemical profile of the putamen, as well as the WM-to-GM concentration ratio.
Article
Cell Biology
Monserrat Gerardo-Ramirez, Vanessa Giam, Diana Becker, Marco Groth, Nils Hartmann, Helen Morrison, Helen L. May-Simera, Markus P. Radsak, Jens U. Marquardt, Peter R. Galle, Peter Herrlich, Beate K. Straub, Monika Hartmann
Summary: Primary liver cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death globally. The Hippo tumor suppressor pathway and its upstream regulator Merlin have been found to play critical roles in cell proliferation and fate determination in the liver. This study evaluated the contribution of CD44 and Merlin-dependent processes to liver tumor development and progression. While Merlin deletion led to liver enlargement and the formation of various liver tumors, deletion of CD44 had no effect on primary liver tumor development but significantly inhibited metastasis formation. CD44 upregulates integrin beta 2 expression and promotes transendothelial migration of liver cancer cells, suggesting it as a potential target for intervention in liver cancer metastasis.
Review
Cell Biology
Sanela Rajlic, Hendrik Treede, Thomas Muenzel, Andreas Daiber, Georg Daniel Duerr
Summary: Previous studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic patients with high blood sugar. CVD is still the leading cause of premature death in the western world. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize diabetes mellitus-associated oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation as early as possible to initiate appropriate treatment before the occurrence of cardiovascular complications such as hypertension or coronary artery disease (CAD). This review provides an overview of methods for quantifying reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) production, which originate from different cellular mechanisms in separate cellular compartments, in order to facilitate early detection and effective treatment of these patients and their cardiovascular sequelae.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karsten Keller, Ioannis T. Farmakis, Luca Valerio, Sebastian Koelmel, Johannes Wild, Stefano Barco, Frank P. Schmidt, Christine Espinola-Klein, Stavros Konstantinides, Thomas Muenzel, Ingo Sagoschen, Lukas Hobohm
Summary: In Germany, 15.4% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients received ICU treatment in 2020. Male sex, cardiovascular diseases, and cardiovascular risk-factors were independent risk-factors for ICU admission.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiroaki Yokoyama, Tobias Friedrich Ruf, Martin Geyer, Alexander R. R. Tamm, Jaqueline Grace Da Rocha E. Silva, Theresa Ann Maria Goessler, Julia Zirbs, Ben Schwidtal, Thomas Muenzel, Ralph Stephan von Bardeleben
Summary: In this study, the effect of COMBO-TMVr on the left cardiac chambers was evaluated, including survival rate and other clinical data. The results showed that the combination therapy can support reverse remodeling of left cardiac chambers in high-risk patients.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Omar Hahad, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Jos Lelieveld, Mette Sorensen, Marin Kuntic, Andreas Daiber, Mathias Basner, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Robert D. Brook, Thomas Muenzel
Summary: Traffic noise and air pollution are significant risk factors for cardiovascular events, with various mediating pathways involved. Existing evidence suggests that interventions targeting these environmental stressors can alleviate the adverse effects on blood pressure and intermediate pathways, providing support for a causal link. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, highlighting the need for further research.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Omar Hahad, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Jos Lelieveld, Mette Sorensen, Katie Frenis, Andreas Daiber, Mathias Basner, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Robert D. Brook, Thomas Muenzel
Summary: Traffic noise and air pollution are major environmental risk factors that often occur together in urban settings. Both noise and air pollution have been found to have independent effects on blood pressure, causing endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, circadian dysfunction, and activation of the autonomic nervous system, all of which contribute to the development of hypertension. It is important to increase the recognition of these environmental risk factors as modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Janina Krug, Magdalena L. Bochenek, Rajinikanth Gogiraju, Dagmar Laubert-Reh, Karl J. Lackner, Thomas Muenzel, Philipp S. Wild, Christine Espinola-Klein, Katrin Schaefer
Summary: This study found that circulating sEPCR levels may serve as biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, including angiogenesis, in individuals older than 35 years, and progressive loss of endothelial protein C receptors might be involved in the development and progression of PAD.