☆ 4.7 Article

HIP 38939B: A NEW BENCHMARK T DWARF IN THE GALACTIC PLANE DISCOVERED WITH Pan-STARRS1

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2012)

Journal

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Volume 755, Issue 2, Pages -

Publisher

IOP PUBLISHING LTD

DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/94

Keywords

brown dwarfs; stars: low-mass; surveys

Categories

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Funding

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
National Science Foundation
NSF [AST-0507833, AST09-09222, AST-0709460]
AFRL Cooperative Agreement [FA9451-06-2-0338]
DFG-The Milky Way [Sonderforschungsbereich 881]
Division Of Astronomical Sciences
Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1009749] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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Abstract

We report the discovery of a wide brown dwarf companion to the mildly metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.24), low Galactic latitude (b = 1.degrees 88) K4V star HIP 38939. The companion was discovered by its common proper motion with the primary and its red optical (Pan-STARRS1) and blue infrared (Two Micron All Sky Survey) colors. It has a projected separation of 1630 AU and a near-infrared spectral type of T4.5. As such it is one of only three known companions to a main-sequence star which have early/mid T spectral types of (the others being HN Peg B and epsilon Indi B). Using chromospheric activity we estimate an age for the primary of 900 +/-(1900)(600) Myr. This value is also in agreement with the age derived from the star's weak ROSAT detection. Comparison with evolutionary models for this age range indicates that HIP 38939B falls in the mass range 38 +/- 20 M-Jup with an effective temperature range of 1090 +/- 60 K. Fitting our spectrum with atmospheric models gives a best-fitting temperature of 1100 K. We include our object in an analysis of the population of benchmark T dwarfs and find that while older atmospheric models appeared to overpredict the temperature of the coolest objects compared to evolutionary models, more recent atmospheric models provide better agreement.

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Multiwavelength observations of the extraordinary accretion event AT2021lwx

P. Wiseman, Y. Wang, S. Hoenig, N. Castro-Segura, P. Clark, C. Frohmaier, M. D. Fulton, G. Leloudas, M. Middleton, T. E. Mueller-Bravo, A. Mummery, M. Pursiainen, S. J. Smartt, K. Smith, M. Sullivan, J. P. Anderson, J. A. Acosta Pulido, P. Charalampopoulos, M. Banerji, M. Dennefeld, L. Galbany, M. Gromadzki, C. P. Gutierrez, N. Ihanec, E. Kankare, A. Lawrence, B. Mockler, T. Moore, M. Nicholl, F. Onori, T. Petrushevska, F. Ragosta, S. Rest, M. Smith, T. Wevers, R. Carini, T-w Chen, K. Chambers, H. Gao, M. Huber, C. Inserra, E. Magnier, L. Makrygianni, M. Toy, F. Vincentelli, D. R. Young

Summary: We report observations of the most energetic non-quasar transient ever observed, AT2021lwx, across X-ray to mid-infrared wavelengths. Our data reveal a significant optical brightening with a luminosity of 7 x 10(45) erg s(-1) and a total radiated energy of 1.5 x 10(53) erg, surpassing any known optical transient. The decline follows an exponential pattern, and the ultraviolet-optical spectral energy distribution resembles a blackbody with a temperature of 1.2 x 10(4) K. The presence of secondary X-ray emissions and a delayed mid-infrared flare suggests the existence of surrounding dust.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

SN 2022ann: a Type Icn supernova from a dwarf galaxy that reveals helium in its circumstellar environment

K. W. Davis, K. Taggart, S. Tinyanont, R. J. Foley, V. A. Villar, L. Izzo, C. R. Angus, M. J. Bustamante-Rosell, D. A. Coulter, N. Earl, D. Farias, J. Hjorth, M. E. Huber, D. O. Jones, P. L. Kelly, C. D. Kilpatrick, D. Langeroodi, H-Y Miao, C. M. Pellegrino, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, C. L. Ransome, S. Rest, M. R. Siebert, G. Terreran, I. M. Thornton, S. K. Yadavalli, G. R. Zeimann, K. Auchettl, C. R. Bom, T. G. Brink, J. Burke, Y. Camacho-Neves, K. C. Chambers, T. J. L. de Boer, L. DeMarchi, A. V. Filippenko, L. Galbany, C. Gall, H. Gao, F. R. Herpich, D. A. Howell, W. V. Jacobson-Galan, S. W. Jha, A. Kanaan, N. Khetan, L. A. Kwok, Z. Lai, C. Larison, C-C Lin, K. C. Loertscher, E. A. Magnier, C. McCully, P. McGill, M. Newsome, E. Padilla Gonzalez, Y-C Pan, A. Rest, J. Rho, T. Ribeiro, A. Santos, W. Schoenell, S. N. Sharief, K. W. Smith, R. J. Wainscoat, Q. Wang, Y. Zenati, W. Zheng

Summary: We present optical and NIR observations of SN Icn 2022ann, revealing its unique characteristics such as slow outflow interaction and the presence of helium in the CSM. The spectra of SN 2022ann do not show broad features from SN ejecta. It has a low luminosity and evolves slowly, with the bolometric light curve well-modeled by SN ejecta interacting with CSM.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Phase Curves of Kuiper Belt Objects, Centaurs, and Jupiter-family Comets from the ATLAS Survey

Matthew M. Dobson, Megan E. Schwamb, Susan D. Benecchi, Anne J. Verbiscer, Alan Fitzsimmons, Luke J. Shingles, Larry Denneau, A. N. Heinze, Ken W. Smith, John L. Tonry, Henry Weiland, David. R. Young

Summary: The Kuiper Belt objects, the Centaurs, and the Jupiter-family comets are small outer solar system objects that form an evolutionary continuum. By measuring their phase curves through broadband photometry, we can gain insights into their surface properties. We used serendipitous broadband photometry data to measure phase curves for a sample of 18 KBOs, Centaurs, and JFCs, finding that previously reported negative slopes were due to insufficient sampling. We also found no strong correlations between phase-curve parameters and reported instances of cometary activity. Additionally, the surfaces of three JFCs in our sample were found to be more consistent with carbonaceous main belt asteroids.

PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Discovery of a New Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Candidate in UNIONS: Bootes V

Simon E. T. Smith, Jaclyn Jensen, Joel Roediger, Federico Sestito, Christian R. R. Hayes, Alan W. W. McConnachie, Jean-Charles Cuillandre, Stephen Gwyn, Eugene Magnier, Ken Chambers, Francois Hammer, Mike J. J. Hudson, Nicolas Martin, Julio Navarro, Douglas Scott

Summary: We have discovered a new ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidate called Bootes V. It was detected as a resolved overdensity of stars during an ongoing search for new Local Group dwarf galaxy candidates in the UNIONS photometric data set. Bootes V has a physical half-light radius of 26.9(-5.4)(+7.5) pc, a V-band magnitude of -4.5 +/- 0.4 mag, and is located at a heliocentric distance of approximately 100 kpc. Using Gaia DR3 astrometry, we have identified member stars, characterized the systemic proper motion, and confirmed the reality of this faint stellar system. The spectroscopic analysis shows that Bootes V is larger, more distant, and more metal-poor than most globular clusters, suggesting that it is an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy but further studies are needed for definitive classification.

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The broad-lined Type-Ic supernova SN 2022xxf and its extraordinary two-humped light curves I. Signatures of H/He-free interaction in the first four months

H. Kuncarayakti, J. Sollerman, L. Izzo, K. Maeda, S. Yang, S. Schulze, C. R. Angus, M. Aubert, K. Auchettl, M. Della Valle, L. Dessart, K. Hinds, E. Kankare, M. Kawabata, P. Lundqvist, T. Nakaoka, D. Perley, S. I. Raimundo, N. L. Strotjohann, K. Taguchi, Y. -Z. Cai, P. Charalampopoulos, Q. Fang, M. Fraser, C. P. Gutierrez, R. Imazawa, T. Kangas, K. S. Kawabata, R. Kotak, T. Kravtsov, K. Matilainen, S. Mattila, S. Moran, I. Murata, I. Salmaso, J. P. Anderson, C. Ashall, E. C. Bellm, S. Benetti, K. C. Chambers, T. -W. Chen, M. Coughlin, F. De Colle, C. Fremling, L. Galbany, A. Gal-Yam, M. Gromadzki, S. L. Groom, A. Hajela, C. Inserra, M. M. Kasliwal, A. A. Mahabal, A. Martin-Carrillo, T. Moore, T. E. Mueller-Bravo, M. Nicholl, F. Ragosta, R. L. Riddle, Y. Sharma, S. Srivastav, M. D. Stritzinger, A. Wold, D. R. Young

Summary: We report on the study of supernova SN 2022xxf, which displays two humps in its light curves separated by 75 days, a phenomenon unprecedented for Ic-type supernovae. Optical and near-infrared observations were used to identify the energy source as the interaction between the ejecta and circumstellar material. Our findings suggest that SN 2022xxf may be related to other Ic-type supernovae with interactions with circumstellar material and likely experienced a mass loss event prior to explosion.

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Relative Intrinsic Scatter in Hierarchical Type Ia Supernova Sibling Analyses: Application to SNe 2021hpr, 1997bq, and 2008fv in NGC 3147

Sam M. Ward, Stephen Thorp, Kaisey S. Mandel, Suhail Dhawan, David O. Jones, Kirsty Taggart, Ryan J. Foley, Gautham Narayan, Kenneth C. Chambers, David A. Coulter, Kyle W. Davis, Thomas de Boer, Kaylee de Soto, Nicholas Earl, Alex Gagliano, Hua Gao, Jens Hjorth, Mark E. Huber, Luca Izzo, Danial Langeroodi, Eugene A. Magnier, Peter McGill, Armin Rest, Cesar Rojas-Bravo, Radoslaw Wojtak, Young Supernova Experiment

Summary: This paper analyzes the Young Supernova Experiment data on the Ia-type supernova siblings of SN 2021hpr in NGC 3147, proposing a Bayesian framework for analyzing supernova siblings and obtaining robust estimates by marginalizing intrinsic scatter parameters. The study also explores the impact of siblings on dust parameters.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Type II-P supernova progenitor star initial masses and SN 2020jfo: direct detection, light-curve properties, nebular spectroscopy, and local environment

Charles D. Kilpatrick, Luca Izzo, Rory O. Bentley, Kenneth C. Chambers, David A. Coulter, Maria R. Drout, Thomas de Boer, Ryan J. Foley, Christa Gall, Melissa R. Halford, David O. Jones, Danial Langeroodi, Chien-Cheng Lin, Eugene A. Magnier, Peter McGill, Anna J. G. O'Grady, Yen-Chen Pan, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Armin Rest, Jonathan J. Swift, Samaporn Tinyanont, V. Ashley Villar, Richard J. Wainscoat, Amanda Rose Wasserman, S. Karthik Yadavalli, Grace Yang

Summary: We present multiwavelength data of the type II supernova (SN II) 2020jfo at 14.5 Mpc and compare different metrics commonly used to estimate progenitor masses. The progenitor radius of SN 2020jfo is approximately 700 solar radii, consistent with red supergiants of initial mass 11-13 solar masses. The decline in its late-time light curve suggests a Ni-56 mass consistent with SN II-P with initial mass around 13 solar masses.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Fast and not-so-furious: Case study of the fast and faint Type IIb SN 2021bxu

Dhvanil D. Desai, Chris Ashall, Benjamin J. Shappee, Nidia Morrell, Lluis Galbany, Christopher R. Burns, James M. DerKacy, Jason T. Hinkle, Eric Hsiao, Sahana Kumar, Jing Lu, Mark M. Phillips, Melissa Shahbandeh, Maximilian D. Stritzinger, Eddie Baron, Melina C. Bersten, Peter J. Brown, Thomas de Jaeger, Nancy Elias-Rosa, Gaston Folatelli, Mark E. Huber, Paolo Mazzali, Tomas E. Muller-Bravo, Anthony L. Piro, Abigail Polin, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Joseph P. Anderson, Kenneth C. Chambers, Ting-Wan Chen, Thomas de Boer, Michael D. Fulton, Hua Gao, Mariusz Gromadzki, Cosimo Inserra, Eugene A. Magnier, Matt Nicholl, Fabio Ragosta, Richard Wainscoat, David R. Young

Summary: We present observations and analysis of SN 2021bxu, a low-luminosity, fast-evolving Type IIb supernova. It shows a distinct plateau phase and line velocities slower than typical Type IIb SNe. It is photometrically and spectroscopically similar to Ca-rich IIb SNe and likely powered by the decay of Ni-56.

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