Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christina E. Viviano, Andrew W. Beck, Scott L. Murchie, Angela M. Dapremont, Frank P. Seelos
Summary: We used CRISM multispectral mapping data to evaluate the heterogeneity of mineral compositions in Noachian-aged regions of Martian crust. The data supported previous interpretations of vertical crustal structures and alteration to secondary minerals. The analysis of CRISM multispectral data revealed previously unrecognized exposures and provided insights into the extent and grade of secondary mineral assemblages.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roger C. Wiens, Arya Udry, Olivier Beyssac, Cathy Quantin-Nataf, Nicolas Mangold, Agnes Cousin, Lucia Mandon, Tanja Bosak, Olivier Forni, Scott M. McLennan, Violaine Sautter, Adrian Brown, Karim Benzerara, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Lisa Mayhew, Sylvestre Maurice, Ryan B. Anderson, Samuel M. Clegg, Larry Crumpler, Travis S. J. Gabriel, Patrick Gasda, James Hall, Briony H. N. Horgan, Linda Kah, Carey Legett, Juan Manuel Madariaga, Pierre-Yves Meslin, Ann M. Ollila, Francois Poulet, Clement Royer, Shiv K. Sharma, Sandra Siljestrom, Justin Simon, Tayro E. Acosta-Maeda, Cesar Alvarez-Llamas, S. Michael Angel, Gorka Arana, Pierre Beck, Sylvain Bernard, Tanguy Bertrand, Bruno Bousquet, Kepa Castro, Baptiste Chide, Elise Clave, Ed Cloutis, Stephanie Connell, Erwin Dehouck, Gilles Dromart, Woodward Fischer, Thierry Fouchet, Raymond Francis, Jens Frydenvang, Olivier Gasnault, Erin Gibbons, Sanjeev Gupta, Elisabeth M. Hausrath, Xavier Jacob, Hemani Kalucha, Evan Kelly, Elise Knutsen, Nina Lanza, Javier Laserna, Jeremie Lasue, Stephane Le Mouelic, Richard Leveille, Guillermo Lopez Reyes, Ralph Lorenz, Jose Antonio Manrique, Jesus Martinez-Frias, Tim McConnochie, Noureddine Melikechi, David Mimoun, Franck Montmessin, Javier Moros, Naomi Murdoch, Paolo Pilleri, Cedric Pilorget, Patrick Pinet, William Rapin, Fernando Rull, Susanne Schroder, David L. Shuster, Rebecca J. Smith, Alexander E. Stott, Jesse Tarnas, Nathalie Turenne, Marco Veneranda, David S. Vogt, Benjamin P. Weiss, Peter Willis, Kathryn M. Stack, Kenneth H. Williford, Kenneth A. Farley
Summary: The study reveals that the subsurface of Jezero crater is primarily composed of volcanic and intrusive terrains with compositional and density stratification. Basaltic rocks with higher plagioclase content are found in higher stratigraphic locations, while layered rocks with more normative pyroxene are found in lower stratigraphic layers. The lowest observed unit with the highest inferred density is olivine-rich and shows characteristics of cumulate origin. The presence of alteration materials suggests relatively brief lacustrine conditions. Orbital observations connect the lithology of the Jezero floor to the broader Nili-Syrtis region, indicating regional density-driven compositional stratification.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Svein-Erik Hamran, David A. Paige, Abigail Allwood, Hans E. F. Amundsen, Tor Berger, Sverre Brovoll, Lynn Carter, Titus M. Casademont, Leif Damsgard, Henning Dypvik, Sigurd Eide, Alberto G. Fairen, Rebecca Ghent, Jack Kohler, Michael T. Mellon, Daniel C. Nunes, Dirk Plettemeier, Patrick Russell, Matt Siegler, Mats Jorgen Oyan
Summary: The Radar Imager for Mars Subsurface Experiment has conducted the first rover-mounted ground-penetrating radar survey of the Martian subsurface, revealing strongly reflecting layered sequences and providing insights into the geological history of Mars.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
B. Ye, J. R. Michalski
Summary: Compositional stratigraphy on Mars often shows Al-rich clay minerals overlaying Fe/Mg-rich clay minerals, with some occurrences in settings where the protoliths are likely pyroclastic materials. The presence of clay-bearing deposits in volcanic areas suggests precipitation-driven weathering of ash deposits. The early sedimentary record of Mars may have been dominated by pyroclastic deposits, linking clay minerals to elements of Mars' climate, weathering, and sedimentary processes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Rosalind Tuthill Helz
Summary: Petrographic and chemical analysis of scoria samples collected during the 1959 Klauea summit eruption reveals the progress of thermal and chemical homogenization of melts, and the growth and re-equilibration of olivine phenocrysts. The study also shows changes in the contact between olivine and melt.
JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Javier Cuadros, Christian Mavris, Joseph R. Michalski
Summary: There are differences in the formation conditions and distribution of vermiculite on Earth and Mars, and vermiculite may be more common and have higher iron content on Mars.
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gunter Flipkens, Michael Fuhr, Geraldine Fiers, Filip J. R. Meysman, Raewyn M. Town, Ronny Blust
Summary: To keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies at a gigaton scale must be developed and implemented. Coastal enhanced silicate weathering, which accelerates CO2-sequestration during the weathering of silicate minerals, is one proposed CDR technique. However, accurate predictions of olivine dissolution rates and ecosystem impacts are currently lacking.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Valentin Delbecq, Philippe Carrez, Patrick Cordier
Summary: We conducted molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the rheology of Mg2SiO4 glass. Simple shear tests were performed at various temperatures, shear rates, and pressures, revealing atomic rearrangements and the formation of shear bands. The flow stress was found to follow a modified Herschel-Buckley law, taking into account the thermal activation of plastic events.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ryosuke Oyanagi, Tatsu Kuwatani, Katsuhiko Suzuki
Summary: Serpentinization is an important process in the deep sea that affects rock rheology, global fluid circulation, and microbiological activity. This study investigated the initial stage of olivine dissolution and serpentine precipitation and found that the relationship between the kinetics of serpentine precipitation and olivine dissolution varies with temperature and time.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Paul Baral, Andrey Orekhov, Ralf Dohmen, Michael Coulombier, Jean Pierre Raskin, Patrick Cordier, Hosni Idrissi, Thomas Pardoen
Summary: The study reveals that amorphous olivine thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition exhibit viscoelastic-viscoplastic behavior with significant rate dependency, suggesting a complex out-of-equilibrium structure. The ambient temperature creep behavior of the amorphous olivine films differs significantly from single crystal olivine, which is related to the activation of grain boundary sliding in polycrystalline olivine following grain boundary amorphization under high-stress conditions.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
S. J. Ralston, T. S. Peretyazhko, B. Sutter, D. W. Ming, R. V. Morris, A. Garcia, A. Ostwald
Summary: The abundance of smectites on Mars suggests the presence of water-rich, neutral-to-alkaline pH conditions. However, the lack of carbonates, which are expected to form under similar conditions, raises questions. Experimental studies have shown the formation of smectites in acidic environments, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Laurence A. Coogan, Stan E. Dosso
Summary: A simple process-based model has been developed to better understand the evolution of Cenozoic seawater chemistry. The model considers the effects of changing climatic and tectonic conditions on seawater chemistry. Inverse modeling shows that the model can reproduce the key features of the Cenozoic history of seawater chemistry. The increase in seawater Mg/Ca over the Cenozoic is largely driven by a decrease in Ca/alkalinity.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. A. Farley, K. M. Stack, D. L. Shuster, B. H. N. Horgan, J. A. Hurowitz, J. D. Tarnas, J. I. Simon, V. Z. Sun, E. L. Scheller, K. R. Moore, S. M. McLennan, P. M. Vasconcelos, R. C. Wiens, A. H. Treiman, L. E. Mayhew, O. Beyssac, T. V. Kizovski, N. J. Tosca, K. H. Williford, L. S. Crumpler, L. W. Beegle, J. F. Bell, B. L. Ehlmann, Y. Liu, J. N. Maki, M. E. Schmidt, A. C. Allwood, H. E. F. Amundsen, R. Bhartia, T. Bosak, A. J. Brown, B. C. Clark, A. Cousin, O. Forni, T. S. J. Gabriel, Y. Goreva, S. Gupta, S. -E. Hamran, C. D. K. Herd, K. Hickman-Lewis, J. R. Johnson, L. C. Kah, P. B. Kelemen, K. B. Kinch, L. Mandon, N. Mangold, C. Quantin-Nataf, M. S. Rice, P. S. Russell, S. Sharma, S. Siljestrom, A. Steele, R. Sullivan, M. Wadhwa, B. P. Weiss, A. J. Williams, B. V. Wogsland, P. A. Willis, T. A. Acosta-Maeda, P. Beck, K. Benzerara, S. Bernard, A. S. Burton, E. L. Cardarelli, B. Chide, E. Clave, E. A. Cloutis, B. A. Cohen, A. D. Czaja, V. Debaille, E. Dehouck, A. G. Fairen, D. T. Flannery, S. Z. Fleron, T. Fouchet, J. Frydenvang, B. J. Garczynski, E. F. Gibbons, E. M. Hausrath, A. G. Hayes, J. Henneke, J. L. Jorgensen, E. M. Kelly, J. Lasue, S. Le Mouelic, J. M. Madariaga, S. Maurice, M. Merusi, P. -Y. Meslin, S. M. Milkovich, C. C. Million, R. C. Moeller, J. I. Nunez, A. M. Ollila, G. Paar, D. A. Paige, D. A. K. Pedersen, P. Pilleri, C. Pilorget, P. C. Pinet, J. W. Rice, C. Royer, V. Sautter, M. Schulte, M. A. Sephton, S. K. Sharma, S. F. Sholes, N. Spanovich, M. St. Clair, C. D. Tate, K. Uckert, S. J. VanBommel, A. G. Yanchilina, M. -P. Zorzano
Summary: The Perseverance rover has discovered water-altered igneous rocks in the Jezero crater on Mars and found evidence of brine evaporation in the core samples. These samples may be brought back to Earth for further research.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Simone Pujatti, Oliver Plumper, Benjamin M. Tutolo
Summary: Ultramafic rocks at mid-ocean ridges are essential for the chemistry of the oceans. Recent observations indicate that nanoscale processes contribute to seawater-driven alteration of these rocks. This study investigates the specific role of weathering processes in dissolution-driven porosity generation in serpentinized oceanic peridotites, providing evidence of the physical process contributing to elemental loss from weathered oceanic peridotites.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Vincent F. Chevrier, Marietta Morisson
Summary: The equilibrium thermodynamics of Fe/Mg-phyllosilicates and carbonates on Mars were studied under different CO2 pressures and environments. The findings suggest that various alteration events near Nili Fossae resulted in the formation of Fe/Mg-smectites, Mg-carbonate, and Mg-serpentine.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joseph Razzell Hollis, Teresa Fornaro, William Rapin, Jessica Wade, Alvaro Vicente-Retortillo, Andrew Steele, Rohit Bhartia, Luther W. Beegle
Summary: It has been found that clays are effective preservers of organic material, however, organic biosignatures may be altered under Martian UV exposure. Therefore, this factor needs to be taken into consideration during the Mars 2020 mission.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John S. McCloy, Jose Marcial, Jack S. Clarke, Mostafa Ahmadzadeh, John A. Wolff, Edward P. Vicenzi, David L. Bollinger, Erik Ogenhall, Mia Englund, Carolyn I. Pearce, Rolf Sjoblom, Albert A. Kruger
Summary: Through experiments, the conditions leading to the vitrification of inner wall rocks at the Broborg hillfort in Sweden were determined. It was found that 'dark glass' came from melting amphibolite or dolerite rocks under reducing atmosphere, while 'clear glass' formed from non-equilibrium partial melting of feldspar in granitoid rocks. These findings help in archaeological forensic investigations of vitrified hillforts and interpretation of source rock materials.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
James G. Radney, Jamie L. Weaver, Edward P. Vicenzi, Matthew E. Staymates, Christopher D. Zangmeister
Summary: The study found that adding materials with high filtration efficiency to face masks can provide additional personal protection, but there is a trade-off balancing increased filtration efficiency and breathability. The filtration efficiency and breath resistance of the composite covering increase with the increase of insert area ratio, and the quality factor of the insert interacts with the quality factor of the fabric.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Camilla L. Wurtzen, Johnathon L. Osmond, Jan Inge Faleide, Johan Petter Nystuen, Ingrid M. Anell, Ivar Midtkandal
Summary: The study provides a refined depositional model of the Permian-Triassic alluvial rift succession in the Horda Platform area by integrating seismic and well-log data. The research highlights the influence of faulting on depocentre development and the interplay between tectonic and climatic forcing in subsurface continental deposits.
Article
Archaeology
Rolf Sjoblom, Eva Hjarthner-Holdar, Carolyn I. Pearce, Jamie L. Weaver, Erik Ogenhall, John S. McCloy, Jose Marcial, Edward P. Vicenzi, Michael J. Schweiger, Albert A. Kruger
Summary: The paper discusses the reasons for the vitrification phenomenon in hillforts and emphasizes the importance of evaluating different hillforts individually. By evaluating the Broborg hillfort, it is concluded that the vitrification occurred for the purpose of constructing the fort.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Edward P. Vicenzi, Thomas Lam, Jamie L. Weaver, Andrew A. Herzing, John S. McCloy, Rolf Sjoblom, Carolyn Pearce
Summary: This study analyzed dark and clear silicate glasses formed during an iron age vitrification event approximately 1500 years ago using a scanning electron microscope equipped with a micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu XRF) spectrometer. The results showed that the dark glass is enriched in iron, calcium, magnesium, titanium, etc., while the clear glass is enriched in silicon, aluminum, potassium, etc. Multivariate statistical analysis was also used to measure the area fractions of different components, providing important insights for future high-resolution and high-sensitivity studies.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Camilla L. Wurtzen, Alvar Braathen, Miquel Poyatos-More, Mark J. Mulrooney, Lina H. Line, Ivar Midtkandal
Summary: By combining geological mapping, structural analysis, sedimentary logging and correlation, and bulk mineralogical compositions, our study reveals the cyclical stacking and basin-scale growth-fold patterns in the Fanja half-graben basin in Oman. This study links sedimentology and fault-displacement events controlling fault-perpendicular folding, and provides valuable insights into depocentre generation and stratigraphic architecture.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Galland, Hector J. Villar, Jose Mescua, Dougal A. Jerram, Ivar Midtkandal, J. Octavio Palma, Sverre Planke, Alain Zanella
Summary: Cooling subvolcanic igneous intrusions have significant impacts on fluid flow in the shallow Earth's crust, but the long-term post-cooling effects have received less attention. We present a geological example in the Andean foothills, Argentina, showing that subvolcanic intrusions can affect fluid flow even millions of years after cooling. The intense fracturing during magma emplacement creates high-permeability pathways that continue to influence regional fluid circulation.
Article
Archaeology
Rolf Sjoblom, Eva Hjarthner-Holder, Carolyn I. Pearce, Erik Ogenhall, John S. McCloy, Jose Marial, Edward P. Vicenzi, Michael J. Schweiger, Albert A. Kruger
Summary: The authors express gratitude to Mr. Anders Bornfalk Back for reviewing the paper by Sjo center dot blom et al. (2022) and providing comments. They also appreciate the Editor for allowing them to respond. The authors have decided to focus their comments on certain aspects discussed in the cited sources, including Sjo center dot blom et al. (2022).
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Teresa T. Duncan, Edward P. Vicenzi, Thomas Lam, Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham
Summary: This study compares the cleaning effectiveness of different materials on three different roughness samples of paper, using black lamp soot as a model for soot removal. Ten different dry surface cleaning materials, including sponges, hard and soft erasers, eraser crumbs, cleaning putty, solvent-free polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, and dry swabs, were evaluated using a portable spectrophotometer and image analysis of photomicrographs. Inspection of the cleaned substrates using a portable optical microscope provided detailed information on how the physical properties of cleaning materials influenced the location of soot residues on the surface. 3D digital light microscopy was used to evaluate physical changes to the paper surface and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify potential cleaning material residues. The results of this model study were compared with spot cleaning tests conducted on a fire-damaged book cover. Limited access to laboratory spaces during the COVID-19 lockdown motivated this research to focus on affordable technical research methods that can be done outside of the laboratory, with details noted throughout the article.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Camilla L. Wuertzen, Muhammad Hassaan, Ingrid M. Anell, Johan Petter Nystuen, Jan Inge Faleide, Ivar Midtkandal
Summary: This study uses spectral decomposition RGB Blends to interpret alluvial fans in seismic time slices from the Middle Triassic to Lower Jurassic stratigraphical interval of the Horda Platform (northern North Sea) for the first time. The analysis reveals shifting alluvial fan fronts, fluvial variability, uplift and erosion, and depositional elements that challenge the common understanding of the geological development of this area during the Early-Middle Mesozoic. The study emphasizes the impact of allogenic factors on alluvial depositional development and the implications of alluvial variability on reservoir properties.
Article
Geology
Po Wan Wong, Ivar Midtkandal, Jan Inge Faleide
Summary: The presence of paired extension-compression (PEC) structures in the early Paleogene continental rift in the northeast Atlantic suggests its crucial role in termination of propagation and rift-mode conversion.
Article
Biology
Vincent S. Riggi, E. Bruce Watson, Andrew Steele, Karyn L. Rogers
Summary: This article investigates the influence of different minerals on the oligomerization of ribonucleotides under simulated planetary conditions. It finds that several minerals can enhance the synthesis and elongation of nucleic acids, suggesting a broader range of potential environments that could foster the origin of life.
Article
Archaeology
Meredith C. Sharps, Maria M. Martinez, Michael Brandl, Thomas Lam, Edward P. Vicenzi
Summary: X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was utilized to identify the geochemical sources of obsidian artifacts, confirming two tablets sourced from Ucareo in Michoacan, Mexico, and revealing a potential new source for a mahogany obsidian tablet within the Los Azufres complex. The study compared major, minor, and trace element compositions using SEM-based energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and micro-XRF spectrometry, providing valuable insights into archaeological sources and discussing differences in data between portable and micro-XRF methods.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lorena Nava-Farias, James J. Neeway, Michael J. Schweiger, Jose Marcial, Nathan L. Canfield, Carolyn Pearce, David K. Peeler, Edward P. Vicenzi, David S. Kosson, Rossane C. Delapp, John S. McCloy, Sam A. Walling, Clare L. Thorpe, Claire L. Corkhill, Russell J. Hand, Rolf Sjoblom, Albert A. Kruger
Summary: By studying the corrosion characteristics of vitrified archaeological materials excavated from ancient sites, a better understanding of long-term glass corrosion behavior can be gained, including the thickness, morphology, and chemistry of the surficial features.
NPJ MATERIALS DEGRADATION
(2021)