Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Arth David Sol Valmoria Ortega, Laszlo Babinszky, Xenia Erika Ozsvath, Ogonji Humphrey Oriedo, Csaba Szabo
Summary: Heat stress can compromise the digestive capacity and electrolyte balance in pigs, but proper supplementation of vitamins and trace minerals can alleviate these effects.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. de Souza, C. M. Prom, A. L. Lock
Summary: This experiment found that feeding dairy cows fatty acid supplements containing palmitic and cis-9 C18:1 during the immediate postpartum period increased nutrient digestibility, energy intake, and milk energy output. Increasing dietary intake of cis-9 C18:1 can enhance energy intake, reduce markers of body fat mobilization, and improve energy balance during the immediate postpartum period.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
JunYoung Mun, ChangBeon Lee, Abdolreza Hosseindoust, SangHun Ha, Habeeb Tajudeen, JinSoo Kim
Summary: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different calcium levels on weanling pigs. The results showed that reducing calcium levels in the diet led to improved growth performance. Calcium chloride appeared to be a better calcium source with higher digestibility and improved electrolyte balance.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amanda P. Waller, Michael I. Lindinger
Summary: Exercise induces changes in blood acid-base status, which are related to the duration and intensity of the activity. Prolonged activity and transportation result in significant losses of water and electrolyte from the body, mainly through sweating. To replace these losses, it is recommended that horses consume electrolyte solutions. This study investigated the effects of different volumes of water and oral electrolyte supplementation on the acid-base state in horses during exercise. The results showed that small volumes of supplementation had minimal or no effect, while the larger volume of electrolyte supplement abolished the alkalosis that occurred during long-lasting submaximal exercise.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. Zimpel, M. Nehme Marinho, K. V. Almeida, A. Revilla Ruiz, C. D. Nelson, W. W. Thatcher, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The study found that manipulating the dietary cation-anion difference in pregnant nulliparous cows during late gestation did not significantly affect offspring performance in terms of acid-base balance, growth, and health in the first 2 months of life.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. C. Araujo, R. D. S. Araujo, L. R. B. Dourado, J. S. Machado, G. F. Bayao, L. Amoroso, S. M. B. Artoni, A. C. Shimano, K. R. Silva Sousa
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) levels on performance, bone characteristics, and gene expression related to ionic balance in broilers. The results showed that a DEB level of 370 mEq/kg improved feed conversion ratio and increased bone characteristics and gene expression in the liver and intestine.
BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qingqing Deng, Yancan Wang, Xin Wang, Qiye Wang, Zhenfeng Yi, Jun Xia, Yuyao Hu, Yiming Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Lei Wang, Shuzhong Jiang, Rong Li, Dan Wan, Huansheng Yang, Yulong Yin
Summary: The study found that pigs fed diets containing Fe showed linear increases in feed intake, average daily gain, and body weight during the finishing phase. Additionally, supplementation with different Fe levels significantly increased serum iron and transferrin saturation concentrations, goblet cell numbers in the duodenum, and MUC4 mRNA expression. Dietary supplementation with 450 to 600 mg/kg Fe improved growth performance by enhancing hematological status, intestinal goblet cell differentiation, and the digestibility of amino acids.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Leonardo Magnoni, Paulo Rema, Francisca Silva-Brito, Joao Rito, Mariana Palma, Rodrigo Ozorio, Stephane Panserat, Ivan Viegas
Summary: The inclusion of dietary refined glycerol in rainbow trout did not have beneficial effects on fish performance or nitrogen waste products excreted to the environment.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Charlotte M. E. Heyer, Li Fang Wang, Eduardo Beltranena, Markus Rodehutscord, Ruurd T. Zijlstra
Summary: This study investigated the effects of feeding increasing acacia gum on the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of nutrients in growing pigs. The results showed that increasing acacia gum reduced the digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, but did not affect the digestibility of crude protein and amino acids. However, it decreased the total tract digestibility of phosphorus. Feeding fermentable, low-viscous acacia gum can affect the digestion of pigs, and the specific endogenous losses of phosphorus associated with it should be considered in evaluating phosphorus digestibility.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lisandra de Camargo Campos, Mayara Cardoso dos Anjos, Mateus Gregorio dos Santos, Vinicius Maciel Cunha, Priscilla Fajardo Valente Pereira, Karina Keller Marques da Costa Flaiban, Julio Augusto Naylor Lisboa
Summary: This study compared the efficiency of continuous flow (CF) and bolus (B) methods in correcting water, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances in cows, and found that both methods were equally effective.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Peter D. Constable, Florian M. Trefz, Ismail Sen, Joachim Berchtold, Mohammad Nouri, Geoffrey Smith, Walter Gruenberg
Summary: Optimal fluid therapy protocols for neonatal calves and adult cattle should be individually tailored based on signalment, history, and physical examination findings, and taking into account laboratory analysis when available. Eye recession magnitude, skin tenting duration, and urine specific gravity by refractometry are useful indicators of hydration status. Various crystalloid solutions are recommended for intravenous fluid therapy in dehydrated or septic calves and adult cattle, depending on the specific condition. Important attributes of an oral electrolyte solution for calves include osmolality, sodium concentration, effective strong ion difference (SID), and energy content.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jesus Enrique Ekmeiro-Salvador, Maximilian Andreas Storz
Summary: Dietary acid load (DAL) is an important factor in determining the acid-base balance in humans and is associated with chronic non-communicable diseases. Plant-based diets, such as vegetarian and vegan diets, reduce DAL, but their effect on DAL scores has not been adequately quantified in populations outside of Europe and North America. A study in Venezuela found that vegan diet has the highest alkalizing potential, followed by lacto-ovo-vegetarian and flexitarian diets. DAL scores in the Venezuelan population were lower compared to European and North American populations, possibly due to higher potassium and magnesium intake and lower protein intake in vegans and lacto-ovo-vegetarians. Further studies in non-industrialized populations are needed to establish reference ranges for DAL scores.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
De Xin Dang, Md Raihanul Hoque, Yanjie Liu, Ningbo Chen, In Ho Kim
Summary: The study showed that supplementing glucose oxidase (GOX) to the diet of growing pigs can improve nutrient digestibility and serum antioxidant enzyme parameters, consequently enhancing growth performance. The optimal dosage of GOX used in the diet of growing pigs was found to be 0.03%.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Charlotte M. E. Heyer, Li F. Wang, Eduardo Beltranena, Ruurd T. Zijlstra
Summary: The extrusion of canola meal increased the digestibility of amino acids but did not affect the predicted energy values. The inclusion of 20% canola meal or extruded canola meal in the diet of weaned pigs did not significantly impact their growth performance.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
X. Zhang, K. M. Glosson, S. S. Bascom, A. D. Rowson, Z. Wang, J. K. Drackley
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) diet on the blood acid-base balance, blood gases, and metabolic adaptation in dairy cows. The results showed that the negative DCAD diet altered the acid-base balance and improved protein and lipid metabolism in cows during the periparturient period.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jordi Camp Montoro, David Sola-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Nuria Llanes, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla
Summary: Slow-growing pigs can negatively impact production efficiency and may require higher nutrient levels to achieve similar productive performance compared to fast-growing pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jordi Camp Montoro, Joana Pessoa, David Sola-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla
Summary: This study investigated the effects of space allowance, mixing, and phase feeding on the productive performance of grower-finisher pigs. The results showed that mixing and reducing the lysine/energy ratio from 0.95 to 0.82 g/MJ at 15-16 weeks of age had a more significant impact on productive performance than reducing space allowance from 0.96 to 0.78 m(2)/pig.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Pau Aymerich, Carme Soldevila, Jordi Bonet, Josep Gasa, Jaume Coma, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: The study found that reducing dietary amino acid density can increase body weight variability in growing pigs, especially in smaller pigs. This effect was more severe in lighter pigs at the beginning of the experiment, leading to increased variability in body weight.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Roger Davin, L. Vanessa Lagos, Francesc Molist Schothorst
Summary: The study found that 60 mg/kg of copper bis-glycinate can replace 120 mg/kg of copper sulfate in diets for weanling pigs without adversely affecting growth performance or fecal score. Inclusion of 120 mg/kg of copper bis-glycinate or a combination of 60 mg/kg of each copper source results in improved growth performance of pigs.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sandra Villagomez-Estrada, Jose F. Perez, Diego Melo-Duran, Francesc Gonzalez-Sole, Matilde D'Angelo, Francisco J. Perez-Cano, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: During birth and lactation, piglets born from hyperprolific sows with light body weight exhibit higher expression of stress and pro-inflammatory genes. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological weaknesses of light piglets compared to their middle-weight littermates through gene expression analysis. Light piglets showed downregulation of genes related to immune response, antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes, and nutrient transporters at birth. However, at the end of the suckling period, these gene expression differences disappeared and genes involved in barrier function, inflammation, and stress responses were over-expressed in light piglets compared to their heavier littermates. This suggests that light piglets have compromised gene expression for nutrient absorption, immune and stress responses from birth to the end of lactation.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mireia Saladrigas-Garcia, David Sola-Oriol, Sergi Lopez-Verge, Matilde D'Angelo, Maria Carmen Collado, Bea Nielsen, Martin Faldyna, Jose Francisco Perez, Susana M. Martin-Orue
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation during gestation and lactation on the performance of sows and piglets, as well as the intestinal health of piglets after separation from the mother. Results showed that probiotic supplementation improved the reproductive performance of sows and had an impact on the fecal microbiota composition of both mothers and piglets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Juan M. Ortiz Sanjuan, Edgar G. Manzanilla, Raul Cabrera-Rubio, Fiona Crispie, Paul D. Cotter, Juan J. Garrido, Hector Arguello
Summary: This study compares the microbiota of pigs after early weaning when treated with in-feed antibiotics, ZnO, or treatment-free diets. The results reveal that in-feed treatments have a greater impact on the piglets' microbiome than hygiene, impacting richness, diversity, and relative abundance. The study suggests that alternatives to antibiotics and ZnO should focus on balancing microbial abundance and stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria to outcompete potential pathogens.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lorena Franco-Martinez, Martin Beer, Silvia Martinez-Subiela, Edgar Garcia-Manzanilla, Sandra Blome, Tessa Carrau
Summary: The objective of this study was to find a procedure that inactivates the African swine fever (ASF) virus while preserving the biomarkers for downstream analyses. It was demonstrated that both detergents and heating could effectively inactivate the virus, while heated serum was not suitable for analysis. These findings suggest that samples can be reliably inactivated for most biomarker analyses, enabling broader interdisciplinary cooperation.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jordi Camp Montoro, David Sola-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Nuria Llanes, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla
Summary: This study aimed to use blood serum metabolites and faecal volatile fatty acids as potential biomarkers for dietary evaluation. The results showed that urea nitrogen was the best biomarker for detecting excess protein in pig diets. Other biomarkers, such as branched-chain fatty acids, also showed promising results and require further study.
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Montserrat Paniagua, Sandra Villagomez-Estrada, Francisco Javier Crespo, Jose Francisco Perez, Anna Aris, Maria Devant, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: Weaning is a challenging period for pigs, resulting in digestive disturbances and hindered growth. The traditional use of zinc oxide and antibiotics to prevent gastrointestinal problems during this phase has been restricted due to concerns about the environment and bacterial resistance. This study explores the potential alternative of supplementing citrus flavonoids and a single antibiotic (amoxicillin) to minimize the use of multiple antibiotics and zinc oxide in weaned pigs. The results show that citrus flavonoids plus amoxicillin significantly improve growth performance, gut health, and gastrointestinal barrier function without detrimental effects on performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paloma Cordero, Francisca Diaz-Aviles, Paulina Torres, Miguel Guzman, Shahram Niknafs, Eugeni Roura, Sergio A. Guzman-Pino
Summary: This study evaluated the gene expression of amino acid and fatty acid sensors in different parts of the chicken gastrointestinal tract at different ages. The results showed significant differences in the expression of these sensors in different sections of the gut. At 7 days old, amino acid sensors were mainly expressed in the upper gut section, while fatty acid sensors were mainly expressed in the lower gut section. At 26 days old, both amino acid and fatty acid sensors were observed in the jejunum. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms of nutrient sensing in the gut and the signaling between the gut and the brain.
Article
Microbiology
Mireia Saladrigas-Garcia, Mario Duran, Matilde D'Angelo, Jaume Coma, Jose Francisco Perez, Susana Maria Martin-Orue
Summary: This study investigated the development of piglet gut microbiota from birth to weaning in commercial conditions, highlighting the impact of age on microbial diversity and the influence of farm environment on microbiota composition. Results showed a succession of microbial groups towards a more homogeneous ecosystem with increasing age, and differences in microbial colonization patterns and specific taxa between farms.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Noelle Byrne, Lorcan O'Neill, Julia Adriana Calderon Daiz, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla, Ana P. Vale, Finola C. Leonard
Summary: There was no difference in E. coil isolation rates or prevalence of AMR found between on-farm hatching systems and conventional hatching systems. Hatcheries could be a reservoir and major contributor to the transmission of AMR bacteria to broilers after entry to the rearing farms.
IRISH VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)