Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Toshiyuki Tsurumoto, Daisuke Endo, Kazunobu Saiki, Takeshi Imamura, Kiyohito Murai, Keita Nishi, Yoshitaka Manabe, Joichi Oyamada, Junya Sakamoto, Keiko Ogami-Takamura
Summary: A detailed analysis of skeletal shape among individuals can reveal the mechanical significance behind different morphological features. This study examined 90 human femoral skeletons using clinical multi-slice computed tomography and found that females had a greater medial deviation of the central mass distribution (CMD) compared to males. The results also showed that as the degree of medial bending increased, CMD-C was located farther from the diaphysis axis, while the lateral bending of the diaphysis brought CMD-C closer to the axis. This suggests that as bone mass decreases with age, self-adjustment may occur to maintain the critical area of cortical bone and prevent a decrease in mechanical strength.
ANATOMICAL SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Joseph Christakiran Moses, Souradeep Dey, Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay, Manoj Agarwala, Biman B. Mandal
Summary: The development of a sandwich-type biofabricated diaphyseal cross-sectional unit, encompassing an outer mechanically robust bioprinted cortical bone shell and an inner engineered bone marrow, holds promise as a potential orthobiologic substitute for the treatment of atrophic nonunion fractures.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Timothee Vignaud, Calina Copos, Christophe Leterrier, Mauricio Toro-Nahuelpan, Qingzong Tseng, Julia Mahamid, Laurent Blanchoin, Alex Mogilner, Manuel Thery, Laetitia Kurzawa
Summary: This study reveals the mechanical impact of interconnected actomyosin bundles on the production and distribution of traction forces within cells. Experimental and modeling results show that these bundles are embedded in a continuous and contractile network, and the propagation of their contraction throughout the cell is dependent on this embedding. The mechanism of stress fibre assembly through the coalescence of actin filaments in the cell cortex enables the transmission of mechanical forces throughout the entire cell.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sven Holcombe, Yuan Huang
Summary: Human body models (HBMs) play a crucial role in improving vehicle safety systems, but their geometry may not fully represent the target demographic due to being derived from single individuals. This study provides reference values for assessing the cross-sectional geometry of human ribs and offers clear guidelines for improving rib geometry in current HBMs.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matteo Scorcelletti, Serhan Kara, Jochen Zange, Jens Jordan, Oliver Semler, Eckhard Schonau, Jorn Rittweger, Alex Ireland, Lothar Seefried
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in lower-limb bone geometry between XLH patients and healthy controls, which may contribute to clinical problems such as early-onset osteoarthritis, pseudofractures, and altered gait.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin K. Weeks, Amy T. Harding, Steven L. Watson, Conor Lambert, Rossana C. Nogueira, Rebecca Hirsch, Timo Rantalainen, Jayde Collier, Belinda R. Beck
Summary: The bone-specific physical activity questionnaire (BPAQ) provides an index of bone-relevant physical activity participation. This study aimed to examine the relationship between historical bone-relevant physical activity and pQCT-derived parameters of bone strength.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
S. V. Heppenstall, R. Ebsim, F. R. Saunders, C. Lindner, J. S. Gregory, R. M. Aspden, N. C. Harvey, T. Cootes, J. H. Tobias, M. Frysz, B. G. Faber
Summary: The study found that geometric parameters derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans in the UK Biobank were related to the risk of hip osteoarthritis (HOA). Specifically, greater femoral neck width (FNW) and hip axis length (HAL) were associated with an increased risk of HOA, while greater diameter of the femoral head (DFH) appeared to be protective. FNW was also independently associated with the risk of hospital diagnosed HOA (HESOA) and total hip replacement (THR).
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rakesh Kumar, Abhishek Kumar Tiwari, Dharmendra Tripathi, Russell P. Main, Navin Kumar, Praveer Sihota, Sonu Ambwani, Niti Nipun Sharma
Summary: The study measures microarchitectural properties, especially permeability, of bones to predict site-specific osteogenic response. Using nano indentation, it was found that the endosteal surface is more permeable compared to periosteal surface. This information could help in designing loading parameters for desired new bone response to prevent and treat bone loss.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Corey J. Miller, Silvia Trichilo, Edmund Pickering, Saulo Martelli, Peter Delisser, Lee B. Meakin, Peter Pivonka
Summary: The study aimed to quantify the local effect of mechanical loading on cortical bone formation at the periosteal surface using mouse tibia mu CT data. A novel image analysis algorithm was developed to analyze cortical thickness changes due to different peak loads. Results showed a strong association between Delta Ct.Th and peak loads in certain periosteal positions, particularly those experiencing high compressive or tensile strains. However, no significant association was found in regions around the neutral axis. The bone formation responses were dependent on load magnitude and periosteal position, with bone resorption occurring in regions throughout the cross-sectional area of the loaded tibia.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
P. Ferrer, I. Iglesia, B. Muniz-Pardos, M. L. Miguel-Berges, P. Flores-Barrantes, A. Gomez-Bruton, L. A. Moreno, G. Rodriguez
Summary: The study found that meeting World Health Organization physical activity recommendations has a beneficial effect on bone composition in childhood, not only for boys, but also for girls.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Jaap P. P. Saers, Lily J. DeMars, Nicholas B. Stephens, Tea Jashashvili, Kristian J. Carlson, Adam D. Gordon, Colin N. Shaw, Timothy M. Ryan, Jay T. Stock
Summary: The study compared trabecular and cortical bone properties of athletes and sedentary controls, revealing unique combinations of biomechanical properties in different sports modalities and associations between specific properties and loading types.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
I. S. Hage, R. S. Hage, R. A. Yassine, C. Y. Seif, R. F. Hamade
Summary: This study maps the distribution of stiffness and mineralization in ring-shaped cortical bone samples sliced from mid-diaphyseal bovine femur. The results show that stiffness and mineralization values increase linearly along the radial distance. Statistical methods confirm the significant correlations between stiffness, mineralization, and Hounsfield units (HU).
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hamidreza Savalanpour, Bijan Farhanieh, Hossein Afshin
Summary: The shape of the tunnel cross-section significantly affects the critical velocity in tunnel fires. A new calculation method using 3D computational fluid dynamics to determine critical velocities for different cross-sectional shapes of tunnels has been proposed, along with a tuning factor to correlate the results of various shapes. Recommendations for tunnel fires are provided based on the proposed formula.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Qichang Mei, Yaodong Gu, Julie Kim, Liangliang Xiang, Vickie Shim, Justin Fernandez
Summary: By studying Chinese bound feet, we discovered that foot binding changes the shape and posture of the foot to adapt to the pressure from binding. This shape change leads to adaptive reorganization of the foot bones and has an impact on gait and bone density.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Meg M. Walker, Marc F. Oxenham, Melandri Vlok, Hirofumi Matsumura, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Hoang Hiep Trinh, Tran T. Minh, Justyna J. Miszkiewicz
Summary: This study examined bone morphology and histological markers in femora from an anthropological skeletal assemblage to investigate the influence of ancestry on bone (re)modelling. The results showed that bone markers varied with ancestral histories, suggesting a genetic component to bone adaptation. Understanding the effects of ancestry on bone morphology has implications for interpreting biomechanical loading history in human populations.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Gaurav Lalwani, Anu Gopalan, Michael D'Agati, Jeyantt Srinivas Sankaran, Stefan Judex, Yi-Xian Qin, Balaji Sitharaman
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeyantt S. Sankaran, Bing Li, Leah Rae Donahue, Stefan Judex
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bing Li, Jeyantt Srinivas Sankaran, Stefan Judex
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeyantt S. Sankaran, Manasvi Varshney, Stefan Judex
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeyantt S. Sankaran, Swati Goyal, Wintana T. Kahsai, Uyen H. T. Pham, Samir M. Iqbal
ADVANCED SCIENCE LETTERS
(2011)
Article
Immunology
Jessy J. Alexander, Jeyantt S. Sankaran, Kenneth L. Seldeen, Ramkumar Thiyagarajan, Alexander Jacob, Richard J. Quigg, Bruce R. Troen, Stefan Judex
Article
Physics, Applied
Wintana T. Kahsai, Uyen H. T. Pham, Jeyantt S. Sankaran, Samir M. Iqbal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2012)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Waseem Asghar, Young-Tae Kim, Azhar Ilyas, Jeyantt Sankaran, Yuan Wan, Samir M. Iqbal