Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreas Mackensen, Fabian Mueller, Dimitrios Mougiakakos, Sebastian Boeltz, Artur Wilhelm, Michael Aigner, Simon Voelkl, David Simon, Arnd Kleyer, Luis Munoz, Sascha Kretschmann, Soraya Kharboutli, Regina Gary, Hannah Reimann, Wolf Roesler, Stefan Uderhardt, Holger Bang, Martin Herrmann, Arif Buelent Ekici, Christian Buettner, Katharina Maria Habenicht, Thomas H. Winkler, Gerhard Kroenke, Georg Schett
Summary: A study of five patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus treated with anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy showed remission of SLE disease in all patients after 3 months, and long-term drug-free remission was maintained during follow-up.
Article
Oncology
Zhitao Ying, Ting He, Xiaopei Wang, Wen Zheng, Ningjing Lin, Meifeng Tu, Yan Xie, Lingyan Ping, Chen Zhang, Weiping Liu, Lijuan Deng, Meng Wu, Feier Feng, Xin Leng, Tingting Du, Feifei Qi, Xuelian Hu, Yanping Ding, Xin-an Lu, Yuqin Song, Jun Zhu
Summary: CAR-T cells can proliferate in mice with or without target cells, and can persist for a long time in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients with mild side effects that can be effectively controlled within two months.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leo Razakamanantsoa, Neeraj R. Rajagopalan, Yasushi Kimura, Michele Sabbah, Isabelle Thomassin-Naggara, Francois H. Cornelis, Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli
Summary: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can cause apoptosis, necrosis, oncosis, or pyroptosis. The mode of cell death following IRE is determined by intracellular ATP levels. Cell death after IRE is insensitive to caspase inhibition and is correlated with ATP loss, which cannot be rescued by ATP supplementation.
BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mandy Busse, Susanne Plenagl, Norina Kim Jutta Campe, Andreas J. Mueller, Kerry Tedford, Anne Schumacher, Ana Claudia Zenclussen
Summary: The loss of MyD88 signaling in maternal B cells may lead to intrauterine fetal death during pregnancy, while the activation of this signal could protect the mother from infection but potentially harm the fetus.
Article
Immunology
Yao Sun, Yongfeng Su, Yizhi Wang, Na Liu, Yuhang Li, Jianlin Chen, Zhuoqing Qiao, Jingwen Niu, Jiangwei Hu, Bin Zhang, Hongmei Ning, Liangding Hu
Summary: The study presented a case of a patient with B-ALL who experienced extramedullary relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and underwent multiple CAR-T cell therapies, including different variants of CD19 CAR-T cells. The patient achieved therapeutic responses after some of the treatments, demonstrating the potential efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed B-ALL patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yeseul Kim, So Yeon Kim, Sang-Min Han, Rosah May Payumo, Kevin Park, Ha Eun Kim, Su-Hyun Kim, Jae-Won Hyun, Eunjig Lee, Ho Jin Kim
Summary: The study examined B cell subsets in NMOSD patients and found numerical deficiency and functional impairment of CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells, which were restored after BCDT treatment. This suggests that both numerical deficiency and impaired regulatory function of CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells contribute to the pathophysiology of NMOSD, with function being restored after BCDT.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jing Lu, Zhihong Cen, Quan Tang, Jingwei Dong, Lin Qin, Weifeng Wu
Summary: B cells play a crucial role in regulating Treg cell responses, controlling immune reactions and autoimmune diseases by maintaining Treg cell numbers. B-cell knockout leads to reduction in Tregs, impairing their activation and immune function, but the effects can be reversed by adoptive transfer of B cells.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sam Blanchett, Yves Dondelinger, Alessandro Barbarulo, Mathieu J. M. Bertrand, Benedict Seddon
Summary: The IKK complex plays a critical role in regulating NF-kappa B activation. It has been found that IKK can also repress RIPK1 dependent cell death pathways by phosphorylating RIPK1 at serine 25. This phosphorylation event promotes the survival of T cells and is essential for normal development in the thymus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jiro Sakai, Jiyeon Yang, Chao-Kai Chou, Wells W. Wu, Mustafa Akkoyunlu
Summary: Newborns have a lower humoral immune response than adults due to the immunoregulatory role of IL-10. This study found that both B-1 cells and non-B-1 cells in neonatal mice produce IL-10 in response to B cell antigen receptor (BCR) activation. The production of IL-10 is mediated by the activation of STAT5 and IL-6, and further activates STAT3. IL-10 secreted by neonatal non-B-1 cells can inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by macrophages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qing Ye, Chao Zhou, Sisi Li, Jingjing Wang, Fei Liu, Zhixia Liu, Jianhua Mao, Haidong Fu
Summary: This study analyzed the immune cell characteristics of patients with nephrotic syndrome, finding immune cell imbalances including T cells, B cells, Monocytes, and NK cells, confirming the involvement of immune factors in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aihua Li, Weibiao Cao
Summary: This study found that carnosol decreases cell proliferation and increases caspase-3 protein expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. It is suggested that carnosol's effect may be mediated by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the downregulation of SODD. Carnosol shows potential as a treatment for esophageal adenocarcinoma.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kristen Fousek, Junji Watanabe, Sujith K. Joseph, Ann George, Xingyue An, Tiara T. Byrd, Jessica S. Morris, Annie Luong, Melisa A. Martinez-Paniagua, Khaled Sanber, Shoba A. Navai, Ahmed Z. Gad, Vita S. Salsman, Pretty R. Mathew, Hye Na Kim, Dimitrios L. Wagner, Lorenzo Brunetti, Albert Jang, Matthew L. Baker, Navin Varadarajan, Meenakshi Hegde, Yong-Mi Kim, Nora Heisterkamp, Hisham Abdel-Azim, Nabil Ahmed
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells targeting CD19 have shown effectiveness in treating B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BL-ALL), but a significant number of patients relapse with CD19(-) disease. This study demonstrates that creating a CD19/20/22-targeting CAR T-cell can effectively target CD19(-) escape leukemia cells, forming dense immune synapses at the subcellular level.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jeffrey S. Boyles, Dorota Sadowski, Scott Potter, Aleksandra Vukojicic, James Parker, William Y. Chang, Yanfei L. Ma, Mark G. Chambers, James Nelson, Barbra Barmettler, Eric M. Smith, Kara Kersjes, Evan R. Himes, Chaohua Lin, Jonathan Lucchesi, Jaladhi Brahmbhatt, Ramtin Sina, Jennifer A. Martin, Evan Maestri, Christopher M. Wiethoff, Gregory L. Dyas, Matthew D. Linnik, Songqing Na, Derrick R. Witcher, Alison Budelsky, Kira Rubtsova
Summary: B cells play multiple roles in autoimmune disorders, and B cell-targeting therapies have been effective in treating autoimmune diseases, although new therapies with higher efficacy and nondepleting mechanisms are desired. This study introduces a nondepleting, high-affinity anti-human CD19 antibody (LY3541860) that effectively inhibits B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation in primary human B cells and in vivo in humanized mice. The study also demonstrates the improved efficacy of an anti-mCD19 antibody over CD20 B cell depletion therapy in various B cell-dependent autoimmune disease models. This data suggests that anti-CD19 antibody may offer a more potent and nondepleting alternative for targeting B cells in the treatment of autoimmune conditions.
Article
Oncology
Michael Constantinides, Alexis Fayd'herbe De Maudave, Marie Potier-Cartereau, Mauricio Campos-Mora, Guillaume Cartron, Martin Villalba
Summary: CD20 monoclonal antibodies have a strong ability to quickly kill B cells using different mechanisms. However, the assessment of killing is difficult. This study shows that common cytometry protocols involving centrifugation can miss important parts of the killing effect of drugs. Alternative methods are proposed to assess fast target cell killing in vitro, avoiding centrifugation or based on survival comparison or counting beads, which are applicable to B cell lines and primary tumor cells.
Review
Immunology
Lei Zhu, Binyao Chen, Wenru Su
Summary: Non-infectious uveitis is an inflammatory eye disorder that can lead to severe visual loss. While T cells are known to be involved in the inflammation process, the role of B cells in uveitis pathogenesis is not well understood. Evidence suggests that B cells play diverse roles in different types of non-infectious uveitis, including producing autoantibodies, regulating T cell responses, and forming ectopic lymphoid structures. Regulatory B cells have anti-inflammatory functions in this disease, and rituximab may work by depleting pro-inflammatory B cells and restoring regulatory B cell function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)