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Engineering, Environmental
Robert W. Orttung, Oleg Anisimov, Svetlana Badina, Charlene Burns, Leena Cho, Benjamin DiNapoli, Matthew Jull, Melissa Shaiman, Ksenia Shapovalova, Leah Silinsky, Emily Zhang, Yelena Zhiltcova
Summary: Russia's Arctic cities have distinctive features and challenges compared to other Arctic cities. While they have advantages in terms of sustainability, there is also room for improvement through learning from other cities.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Geetha Priya Murugesan, Varshini Narayan, Suresh Devaraj
Summary: The melting of continental glaciers has a direct impact on the environment, particularly affecting sea-level rise and settlements along the coast. Researchers are increasingly focused on understanding the evolution and distribution of glaciers in the context of global warming and changing glacier mass, but difficulties persist in comprehending supra-glacial debris cover and its characteristics.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew J. Macander, Peter R. Nelson, Timm W. Nawrocki, Gerald Frost, Kathleen M. Orndahl, Eric C. Palm, Aaron F. Wells, Scott J. Goetz
Summary: Widespread changes in plant functional types (PFTs) are occurring in Arctic and boreal ecosystems. This study improves on previous methods by modeling plant abundance and mapping PFT changes over a 35-year time series. The maps have important applications for assessing surface energy budgets, permafrost changes, nutrient cycling, and wildlife management and movement analysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leon Nill, Inge Grunberg, Tobias Ullmann, Matthias Gessner, Julia Boike, Patrick Hostert
Summary: This study successfully estimated the fractional cover of shrubs and other surface components in the Arctic tundra using satellite observations and synthetic training data. The results showed an increase in shrub cover and a decline in herbaceous plant and lichen cover, indicating a replacement and homogenisation of Arctic vegetation communities. The proposed method provides new opportunities for quantitatively estimating the fractional cover of tundra vegetation and advancing our understanding of shrub expansion.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tanja Pyhajarvi, Tiina M. Mattila
Summary: Arctic and alpine environments are stressful for species, with lower species richness compared to more southern regions. Climatic oscillations have a dramatic effect, and understanding evolutionary forces in shaping Arctic-alpine species is crucial for predicting population viability and adaptive potential in these vulnerable environments.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah E. Crump, Bianca Frechette, Matthew Power, Sam Cutler, Gregory de Wet, Martha K. Raynolds, Jonathan H. Raberg, Jason P. Briner, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Julio Sepulveda, Beth Shapiro, Michael Bunce, Gifford H. Miller
Summary: The study reveals that summer warming is driving a greening trend in the Arctic, potentially amplifying climate change. Past episodes of Arctic warming, such as the Last Interglacial, can help understand vegetation response to temperature change. Ancient DNA records from lake sediment provide insights into vegetation distribution during the Last Interglacial and highlight the importance of combining traditional and molecular approaches for paleoenvironmental studies to better anticipate a warmer future.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah E. Crump, Bianca Frechette, Matthew Power, Sam Cutler, Gregory de Wet, Martha K. Raynolds, Jonathan H. Raberg, Jason P. Briner, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Julio Sepulveda, Beth Shapiro, Michael Bunce, Gifford H. Miller
Summary: The study shows that vegetation changes during the Last Interglacial period in the Arctic had a positive feedback on climate warming, but the lack of high-latitude records limits the complete understanding of vegetation distribution during that time.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Julia Kemppinen, Pekka Niittynen, Konsta Happonen, Peter C. le Roux, Juha Aalto, Jan Hjort, Tuija Maliniemi, Olli Karjalainen, Helena Rautakoski, Miska Luoto
Summary: The study reveals that geomorphological processes have a significant impact on the functional traits of Arctic plant communities, with cryoturbation being the most influential factor on structural and leaf economic traits. The results show consistency across different regions, indicating a coherent biome-level trait response to geomorphological processes.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Grzegorz Migdalek, Marcin Zelawski
Summary: Hybridization is an important factor in plant evolution, and topological data analysis provides a new method for measuring gene flow. This study presents a novel graph-based approach to measure gene flow, which is applicable to ongoing speciation and hybridization processes in various mating systems. The results demonstrate a strong positive correlation between the parameter based on the first Betti number and the number of migrants. This method is suitable for various types of data.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Asha Durafe, Vinod Patidar
Summary: This paper proposes a robust and blind color image steganography algorithm using fractal cover images, SVD, IWT, and DWT. The algorithm achieves high hiding capacity and security, and the experimental results validate its effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY-COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javier Urquizo, Nathalie Ramirez, Dietmar Sanchez, Juan Plazarte
Summary: This research aims to develop digital twins reflecting load models for more precise studies on power-flows and stability within the National Transmission Grid. Static and dynamic load models were constructed using off-line sampling data from substations in the Guayaquil area, providing a visual representation of disturbances in the substation buses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Madison M. Smith, Bonnie Light, Amy R. Macfarlane, Don K. Perovich, Marika M. Holland, Matthew D. Shupe
Summary: The surface scattering layer (SSL) is a coarse-grained ice layer that forms on the surface of melting sea ice during spring and summer. It has a high scattering rate and significantly affects the regional solar partitioning and ice albedo.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javier Urquizo, Nathalie Ramirez, Dietmar Sanchez, Juan Plazarte
Summary: The purpose of this research is to develop digital twins of load models that can be used for more precise studies on power-flows and stability within the National Transmission Grid (NTG). Off-line sampling data from six substations in the Guayaquil area were used to determine the parameters of the static load model and construct dynamic models. The digital twins provide a visual representation of disturbances and enable a more accurate description of static and dynamic responses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Miaoting Liang, Xinsheng Qin
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the vascular plant diversity in Guangzhou City, China using digitized specimen data and relevant literature. The study identified 41,890 vascular plant specimens, with 248 families, 1563 genera, and 4536 species. The native plants accounted for 60.6% of the species. The temporal analysis revealed three distinct peaks in specimen collection. The distribution of collected specimens varied among different species, with certain families and genera being well-represented. The most frequently collected species included Litchi chinensis, Eucalyptus robusta, and Cycas taiwaniana. The majority of specimens originated from specific areas of Guangzhou City.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmet Cilek, Suha Berberoglu, Cenk Donmez, Merve Sahingoz
Summary: This study aims to map the percent tree cover of different forest stands in the Buyuk Menderes Basin in Turkey's western region using Sentinel-2 data with high spatial resolution. It introduces an advanced approach with regression tree algorithm for ecological modeling, providing reliable PTC data for landscape planning and ecosystem modeling. The method shows high accuracy in mapping PTC, especially for complex forest types in the Mediterranean and terrestrial transition climates.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
