Editorial Material
Ecology
Dilys Roe, Ebony Holland, Nora Nisi, Tom Mitchell, Tasfia Tasnim
Summary: The consumption of people in affluent nations has disproportionately contributed to global biodiversity loss. The concept of 'loss and damage' should be extended to address the impacts of biodiversity loss in Global South countries.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Shaoxiong Ji, Matti Holtta, Pekka Marttinen
Summary: Unsupervised pretraining is essential in natural language processing, and this paper analyzes the performances of various contextualized language models for medical code assignment from clinical notes. A hierarchical fine-tuning architecture and label-wise attention mechanism are proposed in this study. Contrary to current trends, a carefully trained CNN outperforms attention-based models on a specific dataset, suggesting directions for building robust medical code assignment models.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Allergy
James Melhorn, Imran Howell, Ian D. Pavord
Summary: This study aims to explore the evidence for adopting a treatable traits approach to asthma management. The treatable traits include pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and behavioral and lifestyle traits, and the focus should be on treating T(H)2 inflammation, airflow obstruction, and smoking cessation as the treatable pulmonary traits.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Lucas Battisti, Michele Potrich, Amanda Roberta Sampaio, Nedia de Castilhos Ghisi, Fabiana Martins Costa-Maia, Raiza Abati, Claudia Bueno dos Reis Martinez, Silvia Helena Sofia
Summary: Glyphosate, originally considered non-toxic to bees, has been shown to negatively impact their survival and behavior even at recommended doses. Meta-analysis of studies on GLY toxicity to bees revealed an increase in bee mortality rates, suggesting its toxic effects.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinya Watanuki, Hiroyuki Akama
Summary: This study aims to identify the neural substrates of brand equity and examine brand equity-related mental processes by comparing them to the default mode network (DMN). The findings reveal overlapping brain regions between the brand equity-related brain network (BE-RBN) and the DMN, as well as distinctive brain regions. Decoding results show that brand equity-related mental processes are complex constructs involving multiple processes such as self-referential, reward, emotional, memory, and sensorimotor processing. This highlights the importance for marketers to integrate these processes when building brand equity.
Review
Psychiatry
Deirdre M. D'Orazio
Summary: The purpose of this review is to examine the non-punitive intents and goals of sexual offender civil commitment (SOCC) proceedings. The use of open courtrooms in these proceedings presents numerous barriers to ethical, effective, and efficient interventions. Open courtrooms fuel treatment resistance and disrupt protective factors, undermining the integrity of SOCC systems. It is important for legislators, judges, attorneys, and policymakers to reform courtroom procedures to ensure they align with evidence-based practices and the non-punitive intent and goals of civil commitment.
CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xi Tian, Ziqian Xia, Jinliang Xie, Chao Zhang, Yaobin Liu, Ming Xu
Summary: This article presents a meta-analysis of 58 studies conducted between 2011 and 2021, involving 26,533 participants, to assess the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in reducing food waste. It confirms that behavioral interventions have a moderate effect on food waste reduction, with education programs having the most significant impact. The analysis also reveals that interventions in elementary and middle school settings marginally improve the overall effect size, and controlled experiments show a higher effect size compared to pre-post experiments in education interventions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lorenza Sardisco, Pyry-Mikko Hannula, Tim J. Pearce, Luke Morgan
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of laboratory-based XRD and portable FTIR methods in identifying and quantifying different forms of spodumene, as well as challenges in fully quantifying heat-treated spodumene due to peak overlaps. With systematic changes in FTIR spectra during heat treatment, there is potential for further development of the FTIR methodology for semi-quantitative analysis of spodumene forms, offering opportunities for fast, cost-effective, and portable quality control across the Li value chain.
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Rachelle Buchbinder, Teemu V. Karjalainen, Alexandra Gorelik
Summary: Arthroscopic treatment is not recommended for subacromial impingement. The condition is often self-limiting and may not require specific treatment. Glucocorticoid injection provides short-term pain relief, but exercise therapy does not provide additional benefit. Subacromial decompression surgery does not have significant benefits in terms of pain, function, or quality of life. Acromioplasty does not improve the outcomes of rotator cuff repair.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Richard S. Vachula
Summary: The study addresses the source area problem in the sedimentary charcoal proxy through a meta-analytical approach, modeling the relationship between charcoal size and dispersal distance to estimate the functional charcoal source area (FCSA) as 50 km. This enables spatially explicit paleofire reconstructions and climate model comparisons, but further research is needed to characterize parameters affecting charcoal dispersal and understand the limitations of fire history in delineating charcoal source area.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zeyuan Liu, Zhulin Qi, Xiufeng Ni, Mengting Dong, Mengying Ma, Wenbo Xue, Qingyu Zhang, Jinnan Wang
Summary: The study identified key factors promoting the collaborative reduction of ozone and PM2.5 in China through machine learning and statistical analysis, filling a gap in environmental management in China.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Yugeng Liu, Peng Xu
Summary: Microorganisms play critical roles in various areas and quantitative and analytical tools are crucial for studying their dynamics. The combined reductionist and holistic approach is important for understanding the rules and dynamics of microbial communities.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Dan Wang, Gang Li, Shaohua Wu, Ling Lin
Summary: Different types of immune cells have different roles in the immune system, and accurately detecting their content is of great medical importance. This paper proposes a characteristic wavelength screening method based on PLS to predict the content of different immune cell types. The results show that this method can accurately predict the content of immune cell types and outperforms existing algorithms.
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Natasha C. Pocovi, Julie Ayre, Simon D. French, Chung-Wei Christine Lin, Anne Tiedemann, Christopher G. Maher, Dafna Merom, Kirsten McCaffrey, Mark J. Hancock
Summary: This study investigated the motivations for individuals to start a walking program for the prevention of low back pain, as well as strategies to optimize both short-term and long-term adherence to the program. The findings revealed that strong motivators, safety, and enjoyment of exercise were crucial factors for participants to adhere to the walking program.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jingwei Duan, Qiangrong Zhai, Yuanchao Shi, Hongxia Ge, Kang Zheng, Lanfang Du, Baomin Duan, Jie Yu, Qingbian Ma
Summary: Targeted temperature management (TTM) may improve survival and neurological outcomes for patients who remain in coma after resuscitation, especially within 20-40 minutes of collapse.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
