Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Signe Hulsbaek, Carsten Juhl, Alice Ropke, Thomas Bandholm, Morten Tange Kristensen
Summary: The meta-analysis shows that exercise therapy has a moderate effect on mobility, activities of daily living, lower limb muscle strength, balance, and health-related quality of life in older patients following hip fracture, both in short-term and long-term outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aristela de Freitas Zanona, Daniele Piscitelli, Valquiria Martins Seixas, Kelly Regina Dias da Silva Scipioni, Marina Siqueira Campos Bastos, Leticia Caroline Kaspchak de Sa, Katia Monte-Silva, Miburge Bolivar, Stanislaw Solnik, Raphael Fabricio De Souza
Summary: This study investigated the effects of combining brain-computer interface (BCI) with mental practice (MP) and occupational therapy (OT) on the performance of stroke survivors in activities of daily living (ADL). The results showed that BCI combined with MP and OT can promote sensorimotor recovery and functional independence in subacute post-stroke survivors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hanna Hildenbrand, Jordan Wickstrom, Rebecca Parks, Cris Zampieri, Thuy-Tien Nguyen, Audrey Thurm, Kisha Jenkins, Katharine E. Alter, Jesse Matsubara, Dylan Hammond, Ariane Soldatos, Forbes D. Porter, An N. Dang Do
Summary: Impairments in upper limb motor function are particularly challenging for children with CLN3 in activities of daily living, and these difficulties are associated with poorer visual ability, disease severity, and cognitive function. Individualized treatment tailored to their specific needs is necessary as the disease progresses.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vita Hagelskjaer, Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Cecilie von Bulow, Lisa Gregersen Oestergaard, Maud Graff, Eva Ejlersen Waehrens
Summary: This study aims to develop and evaluate a complex intervention program for improving the ability of persons with chronic conditions to perform activities of daily living. The study design includes a randomized controlled trial with blinded assessors and investigators, with data collected at multiple time points to evaluate effectiveness, process and cost-effectiveness of the program.
Review
Rehabilitation
Lucy Fettes, Josephine Neo, Stephen Ashford, Irene J. Higginson, Matthew Maddocks
Summary: This study aimed to identify the trajectories and associations of disability in ADL in advanced cancer and/or respiratory disease, as well as appraise its measurement. The results showed that advanced cancer often follows trajectories of increasing disability, while respiratory disease does not predict any particular disability trajectory. Factors associated with increasing disability included frailty, multi-morbidity, cognitive impairment, and infection.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Rina Juel Kaptain, Tina Helle, Ann-Helen Patomella, Ulla Moller Weinreich, Anders Kottorp
Summary: This study aimed to explore the quality of ADL performance and investigate the relationship between ADL performance, ability to use everyday technologies, and self-reported ADL in people living with COPD. The findings highlighted the importance of evaluating challenging ADL performance and ET use in pulmonary rehabilitation interventions. New insights were provided into detailed ADL motor skills, process skills, and the need for support in the community. The study also presented relationships between observation and self-reported ADL performance, as well as between ADL performance and self-perceived ability to use ET.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ping Qin, Canxin Cai, Xuan Chen, Xijun Wei
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of home-based interventions in improving the ability to perform basic activities of daily living in stroke patients. The results show that there is no significant difference between home-based intervention and institution-based intervention in the short-term. Similarly, there is no significant difference between home-based intervention and usual care in the long-term. However, home-based rehabilitation combined with usual care has a significant short-term effect on the ability to perform basic daily activities.
Article
Rehabilitation
Bilgehan Tekin Dal, Gonca Bumin, Songul Aksoy, Riza Onder Gubatdin
Summary: In this study, it was found that an activity-based home program was more effective at improving home management tasks, occupational tasks, and balance in patients with chronic peripheral vestibular disorders compared to an exercise-based home treatment program. The results were based on a single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted at university dizziness management clinics with participants between 18 and 65 years old. The study used outcome measures such as Visual Analog Scale, Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale, and computerized dynamic posturography before and after the treatment program.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Susanne Guidetti, Gunilla Eriksson, Lena von Koch, Ulla Johansson, Kerstin Tham
Summary: This article describes the development, theoretical framework, and content of a client-centred activities in daily living intervention (CADL) for people with stroke, and provides an example of a new complex intervention in occupational therapy.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Marte Stine Einstad, Pernille Thingstad, Stian Lydersen, Mari Gunnes, Ingvild Saltvedt, Torunn Askim
Summary: This study investigated whether cognition and physical performance, both separately and combined, at 3 months post stroke predict change in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) up to 18 months, and whether different paths of IADL could be identified by different scenarios defined by combinations of high and low scores on physical performance and cognition.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Katie Coakley, Laura Friedman, Kaitlyn McLoughlin, Amy Wozniak, Paul Hutchison
Summary: The study describes the function of COVID-19 patients admitted to an acute care hospital early in the pandemic and characterizes the change in function among ICU and non-critical care patients. ICU patients receiving therapy showed a higher likelihood of impaired cognition, strength, and sensation compared to non-ICU patients receiving therapy. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital experience significant functional impairments but also demonstrate improvement during their hospitalizations. This study can raise awareness among healthcare providers about the detrimental functional effects of COVID-19 and the potential role of rehabilitation services.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daichi Shima, Tokio Kinoshita, Yasunori Umemoto, Yoshinori Yasuoka, Takamasa Hashizaki, Makoto Asaeda, Yukihide Nishimura, Tamaki Yahata, Takashi Shimoe, Fumihiro Tajima
Summary: This study reported on a patient with adductor paralysis due to obturator neurotmesis, including the clinical symptoms, characteristics of activities of daily living (ADL) impairment, and effective movement instruction. This case suggests that movement instruction is important for acute rehabilitation therapy for patients with hip adductor muscle group with obturator neurotmesis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dulce Romero-Ayuso, Cristian Cuerda, Carmen Morales, Ricardo Tesoriero, Jose Matias Trivino-Juarez, Antonio Segura-Fragoso, Jose A. Gallud
Summary: This study explored the relationships between activities of daily living (ADL) and categorization skills in older people. It found that individuals with cognitive impairment performed poorly in categorization tasks, and there was a high correlation between cognitive functioning and the performance of ADLs.
Article
Rehabilitation
Barbara M. Doucet, Ingrid Franc
Summary: Evidence Connection articles are provided by the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Practice Program to offer guidance and support to occupational therapy practitioners in translating research findings into practical strategies. This particular article focuses on interventions for adults with Parkinson's disease to improve their ability in activities of daily living. It includes a case study and discusses evaluation tools and intervention strategies to address specific needs and limitations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Jimenez Palomares, Maria Victoria Gonzalez Lopez-Arza, Elisa Maria Garrido Ardila, Trinidad Rodriguez Dominguez, Juan Rodriguez Mansilla
Summary: Occupational Therapy based on activities of daily living (ADL) cognitive stimulation showed positive effects in increasing the independence of institutionalized subjects with major neurocognitive disorder or dementia. However, these improvements were not maintained after the follow-up period.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Ying Wu, Richard J. Cook
Summary: This paper develops methods for assessing the predictive accuracy of a given event time model when the validation sample is comprised of interval-censored data, and empirically investigates their performance in the context of a rheumatology study.
Article
Rheumatology
Lihi Eder, Ruth Croxford, Aaron M. Drucker, Arielle Mendel, Bindee Kuriya, Zahi Touma, Sindhu R. Johnson, Richard Cook, Sasha Bernatsky, Nigil Haroon, Jessica Widdifield
Summary: Compared with the general population, patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) were more likely to be tested for SARS-CoV-2, but the infection rate was similar. The odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied across different IMID subgroups.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fangya Mao, Richard J. Cook
Summary: Modeling the spatial dependence of damage progression in chronic diseases can provide important scientific insights into their effects on multiple organ systems. This study focuses on modeling the spatial dependence of joint damage in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and proposes new models and methods. By incorporating latent joint-specific indicators of susceptibility and adopting a Gaussian copula for dependence modeling, the authors develop likelihood and composite likelihoods for analyzing progression times subject to interval censoring. Simulation studies confirm the validity of the proposed methods, and the application to real data provides important insights for distinguishing PsA from other arthritic conditions.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Luke Andrew Turcotte, George Heckman, Kenneth Rockwood, Davide Liborio Vetrano, Paul Hebert, Daniel I. McIsaac, Elizabeth Rhynold, Lori Mitchell, Fabrice Immanuel Mowbray, Rasmus T. Larsen, John P. Hirdes
Summary: This study compared the correlation between the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) calculated using ICD-10 diagnostic codes in hospital records and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Frailty Index (FI) calculated using the Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care (RAI-HC), and assessed their prognostic utility for frailty-related outcomes. The results showed that the HFRS had a weak correlation with the FI and CFS, and had a weak ability to predict 30-day mortality, but performed well in predicting prolonged hospital stay and unplanned hospital readmission.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Meaghan S. Cuerden, Liqun Diao, Cecilia A. Cotton, Richard J. Cook
Summary: We investigate causal inference for the effect modification of a biomarker in an observational study where the biomarker is only available for some individuals. We propose inverse probability weighted mean score estimating functions with two weights to account for confounding and missing data. An iterative approach is used to solve the equations and the large sample properties of the estimator are developed. Simulation studies compare the proposed method with other approaches, and an application to a rheumatology cohort illustrates the effect of a biologic therapy on inflammation.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Timothy S. H. Kwok, Mitchell Sutton, Richard J. Cook, Daniel Pereira, Vinod Chandran, Dafna D. Gladman
Summary: This study aimed to describe musculoskeletal (MSK) surgery in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and identify risk factors for undergoing first MSK surgery attributable to PsA. The results showed that markers of cumulative disease activity and damage were associated with a greater risk of needing surgery, while the effect of biologics did not reach statistical significance.
JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Mao Fangya, Richard J. Cook
Summary: In this study, we focus on the design and analysis of two-phase studies to assess the relationship between a fixed marker (e.g., genetic) and event time under current status observation. We propose a design challenge of selecting a phase II sub-sample to maximize the precision of the marker effect, considering likelihood and weighted estimating functions for inference. Different design strategies are explored using registry data of patients with psoriatic arthritis to study the risk of diabetes as a comorbidity.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Fabrice I. Mowbray, George Heckman, John P. Hirdes, Andrew P. Costa, Olivier Beauchet, Patrick Archambault, Debra Eagles, Han Ting Wang, Jeffrey J. Perry, Samir K. Sinha, Micaela Jantzi, Paul Hebert
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the agreement and discriminative accuracy of three emergency department vulnerability screeners, including the InterRAI ED Screener, ER2, and PRISMA-7. The results showed fair agreement between the screeners and their association with important patient outcomes. The interRAI ED Screener best identified older ED patients at greatest risk, while PRISMA-7 and ER2 were more sensitive instruments.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sophie Hogeveen, John P. Hirdes, George Heckman, Heather Keller
Summary: This study examines the factors associated with outpatient access to geriatricians for older adults receiving home care. It finds that only a small percentage of frail older adults receiving home care had contact with geriatricians. The study suggests the need to reconsider the referral process for geriatricians and the allocation of limited specialized resources.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Rheda Adekpedjou, Pascale Leon, Omar Dewidar, Ali Al-Zubaidi, Jalila Jbilou, Janusz Kaczorowski, John Muscedere, John Hirdes, George Heckman, Magali Girard, Paul C. C. Hebert
Summary: This study aimed to identify effective community-based interventions to address frailty, social isolation, loneliness, and poverty among older adults. The interventions including protein supplementation combined with physical activity may improve frailty status and social functioning, while interventions combining diet and physical activity may prevent frailty.
CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sophie Hogeveen, Megan Donaghy-Hughes, Amanda Nova, Margaret Saari, Chi-Ling Joanna Sinn, Melissa Northwood, George Heckman, Leon Geffen, John P. Hirdes
Summary: During the pandemic, the interRAI COVID-19 Vulnerability Screener (CVS) identified at-risk community-dwelling older adults or adults with disabilities and facilitated follow-up with health/social services. The sample included 942 adults assessed in Ontario, Canada, with 10% reporting possible COVID-19 symptoms and <1% with a positive test/diagnosis. Psychosocial/physical vulnerabilities were prevalent, with depressed mood (20.9%), loneliness (21.6%), and limited access to food/medications (7.5%) being the most common. Those reporting both possible COVID-19 symptoms and psychosocial/physical vulnerabilities had the highest odds of fair/poor self-reported health. The interRAI CVS allows community providers to stay connected with vulnerable individuals and understand their needs during the pandemic.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Emiel O. Hoogendijk, Graziano Onder, Louk Smalbil, Davide L. Vetrano, John P. Hirdes, Elizabeth P. Howard, John N. Morris, Daniela Fialova, Katarzyna Szczerbinska, Eline C. M. Kooijmans, Mark Hoogendoorn, Anja Declercq, Johanna De Almeida Mello, Riikka-Leena Leskela, Jokke Hasa, Johanna Edgren, Georg Ruppe, Rosa Liperoti, Karlijn J. Joling, Hein P. J. van Hout
Summary: In ageing societies, the number of older adults with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) is rapidly increasing. Care for older persons with CCCs is challenging, due to interactions between multiple conditions and their treatments. This EU-funded project aims to develop decision support systems using high-quality, internationally standardised, routine care data to support better prognostication of health trajectories and treatment impact among older persons with CCCs.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Luke Andrew Turcotte, Caitlin McArthur, Jeff W. Poss, George Heckman, Lori Mitchell, John Morris, Andrea D. Foebel, John P. Hirdes
Summary: This study aimed to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on admission and discharge rates, resident health attributes, treatments, and quality of care in Canadian long-term care homes. The results showed that the risk of dying in these homes increased during the pandemic, and the quality of care worsened on several indicators. However, except for an increase in potentially inappropriate antipsychotic use, most aspects of resident care were maintained during the first year of the pandemic.
HEALTH SERVICES INSIGHTS
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Fabrice I. Mowbray, George Heckman, John P. Hirdes, Andrew P. Costa, Olivier Beauchet, Debra Eagles, Jeffrey J. Perry, Samir Sinha, Patrick Archambault, Hanting Wang, Michaela Jantzi, Paul Hebert
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the interRAI Emergency Department (ED) Screener in predicting the need for detailed geriatric assessment in the ED. The secondary objective was to assess the interRAI ED Screener's ability to predict discharge home and extended ED length of stay. The findings showed that the interRAI ED Screener has high accuracy in predicting the need for detailed geriatric assessment in the ED and has fair predictive ability for discharge home and extended ED length of stay.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS OPEN
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Stefan Perera, Richard Cook, Ker-Ai Lee, Patti Katz, Zahi Touma
Summary: Cognitive impairment is prevalent in SLE patients. This study examined cognitive changes in SLE patients over a 7-year period and found that most patients had relatively stable cognition. Older age and higher education levels were associated with improved cognition, while self-reported disease severity and depression were associated with cognitive decline.
ACR OPEN RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)
