Atopic dermatitis patients carrying G allele in-1082 G/A IL-10 polymorphism are predisposed to higher serum concentration of IL-10

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammatory disease in which Th2-derived cytokines play an essential role. Aim of the study was to assess interleukin 4, 10 and 13 (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) serum concentrations in AD patients and to correlate the values with the occurrence of genotypes of selected polymorphisms in genes encoding these cytokines. Material and methods: Seventy-six AD patients (mean age 11.4 years) and 60 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were analyzed for IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 concentrations with ELISA assay and genotyping for -590C/T IL-4, -1082A/G IL-10 and -1055C/T IL-13 polymorphisms with PCR-RFLP. Results: The obtained results revealed statistically higher serum concentration of IL-10 and IL-13 in AD patients when compared to healthy controls (10.30 pg/ml vs. 8.51 pg/ml for IL-10 and 5.67 pg/ml vs. 4.98 pg/ml for IL-13). There were no significant differences between AD patients and controls in regard to IL-4 serum level (5.10 pg/ml vs. 7.1 pg/ml). Analyzing the association between level of the examined cytokines and genotype potymorphisms 590 C/T for the IL-4 gene, 1082 A/G for the IL-10 gene and 1055 C/T for the IL-13 gene, we found a statistically higher IL-10 serum level among carriers of the G allele in the 1082 G/A IL-10 polymorphism both in AD and control groups. We did not find any significant differences between serum level of IL-4 and IL-13 in regard to genotype occurrence in examined polymorphisms: 590 C/T for the IL-4 gene and 1055 C/T for the IL-13 gene. Conclusions: The obtained results confirm the genetic background of IL-10 synthesis in the Polish population.