Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Christopher Damulira, Andrew Atkinson, Victoria J. Fraser, Scott Micek, Marin H. Kollef
Summary: The combination of aminoglycosides and β-lactams is more effective in reducing the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli compared to β-lactams alone. This retrospective cohort study analyzed septic patients treated between 2010 and 2017, and found that the addition of aminoglycosides to β-lactams significantly decreased the risk of subsequent infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Viveka Nordberg, Aina Iversen, Annika Tidell, Karolina Ininbergs, Christian G. Giske, Lars Naver
Summary: This study in Stockholm, Sweden, found lower incidence of GNB sepsis in neonates compared to previous reports and low occurrence of antibiotic resistance. The in-hospital mortality and 5-day case fatality rate were higher in GNB late-onset sepsis compared to uninfected controls but not in comparison to suspected sepsis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ayan Ali Ragueh, Mohamed Houmed Aboubaker, Sitani Idriss Mohamed, Jean-Marc Rolain, Seydina M. Diene
Summary: This study investigated the resistance rate to carbapenems among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) in Djibouti and characterized their resistance mechanisms. The results showed that out of 256 isolates, 20 were resistant to carbapenems. Carbapenemase genes such as bla(OXA-48) and bla(NDM-5) were identified in the isolates.
Article
Immunology
Mariana Albano, Wim Alexander Fleischmann, Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance, Robin Patel
Summary: Arbekacin showed inhibitory activity against drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, with similar MIC50 values to amikacin and gentamicin, lower than tobramycin, and higher than plazomicin.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alecks Megxel S. Abordo, Mark B. Carascal, Roland Remenyi, Doralyn S. Dalisay, Jonel P. Saludes
Summary: In the clinically isolated Gram-negative bacilli in the Philippines, the co-occurrence of multiple β-lactamases, especially ESBL and metallo-β-lactamases, was observed. Through genetic analysis and phenotypic characterization, the presence of multi-class β-lactamases and cryptic metallo-β-lactamases in these resistant bacteria was revealed.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Qi Zhang, Shang Chen, Xiaojia Liu, Wenhan Lin, Kui Zhu
Summary: The combination of marine antibiotic equisetin and colistin shows a strong synergistic effect against Gram-negative bacteria, especially multi-drug resistant strains. Colistin promotes the intracellular accumulation of equisetin, leading to quick bacteria killing. Equisetin also restores colistin activity in an infection model, providing an alternative approach to combat Gram-negative pathogens in clinics.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gunasekaran Rameshkumar, Ranjithkumar Dhandapani, Prajna Lalitha, Siva Ganesa Karthikeyan Rajapandian, Velmurugan Palanivel, Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu, Abdullah A. Alyousef, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Mohammad Zubair, Fayez M. Saleh, Fuad Abdullah Alatawi, Fohad M. Husain
Summary: In this study, the prevalence, antibacterial sensitivity patterns, and molecular characterization of MβL associated resistant genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections were investigated. The study found a high prevalence of MβL production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to high resistance to certain antibiotics. The bla(VIM) gene was also detected at a high rate in eye infections.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Heba Alhmidi, Jennifer L. Cadnum, Sreelatha Koganti, Annette L. Jencson, Brigid M. Wilson, Curtis J. Donskey
Summary: Limited information is available on the frequency of and risk factors for shedding of health care-associated pathogens in settings outside patient rooms. The study found that environmental shedding of MRSA occurs frequently during appointments outside hospital rooms or during outpatient clinic visits, and the presence of a wound with a positive culture for MRSA was associated with shedding of MRSA during appointments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shuang Xiao, Qianwen Fu, Youhan Miao, Manna Zhao, Shengwei Lu, Jie Xu, Weifeng Zhao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 139 patients treated with Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections. The results showed that CAZ-AVI had high clinical efficacy and bacterial clearance. Compared to Polymyxin B, CAZ-AVI had better outcomes and lower adverse events. However, there was a 14.6% resistance rate to CAZ-AVI, with Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) showing resistance rates of 13.5% and 15.4%, respectively.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Marwyn Sowden, Evette Van Niekerk, Andre Nyandwe Hamama Bulabula, Angela Dramowski, Andrew Whitelaw, Jos Twisk, Mirjam Maria Van Weissenbruch
Summary: The study found that a multi-strain probiotic can effectively reduce the incidence of early and late rectal colonization with drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (DR-GNB) in preterm neonates, which is of great significance for improving the health outcomes of preterm infants.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Faduma Nur Adan, Mohamed Osman Omar Jeele, Nasteho Mohamed Sheikh Omar
Summary: This study analyzes the epidemiology of MDR-NFGNB among HAP patients in a tertiary care hospital in Somalia. The prevalence rate of NFGNB in HAP patients was 8%, with higher rates in men and the elderly. Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia exhibited the highest antibiotic resistance rate.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Priya Kannian, Pasuvaraj Mahanathi, Veeraraghavan Ashwini, Muthu Vaishnavi, Chandran Priya
Summary: Carbapenems were originally introduced against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, but are now causing an increase in carbapenem-resistant strains due to initial empiric use. The carbapenem-resistant isolates show higher resistance to other antibiotics and majority are extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers. Overall, carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli are predominantly multidrug-resistant or pan-drug resistant.
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kishna Ram, Salim Sheikh, Rahul Kumar Bhati, Chakra Dhar Tripathi, Jagdish Chander Suri, Girish Gulab Meshram
Summary: Limited data exist regarding the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of colistin in critically ill patients with MDR-GNB infections. This study aimed to profile these parameters and determine predictors affecting clinical, microbiological, and safety outcomes in this population. The results showed variability in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters and significant associations with clinical, microbiological, and safety outcomes, with consistency observed in previous studies.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
You Li, Siwei Guo, Xin Li, Yunsong Yu, Bingqian Yan, Miaomei Tian, Bing Xu, Huangdu Hu
Summary: This study evaluated the in vitro synergy of polymyxin B (PMB) combined with other antibiotics against PMB-resistant gram-negative bacilli (GNBs). The results showed that PMB combined with tigecycline and avibactam-based beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitors (BL-BLIs) could be a potential clinical option for the treatment of infections caused by PMB-resistant GNBs.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Santosh K. Panda, Manas K. Nayak, Pravati Jena, Soumini Rath, Ramakrushna Gudu, Rishabh Pugulia, Subhra Snigdha Panda
Summary: This study found that Acinetobacter baumannii and Burkholderia cepacia are the most common nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) isolated in neonatal cases of blood culture-positive sepsis. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) NFGNB sepsis is gradually increasing, posing a threat to neonates. Strict aseptic precautions and antibiotic stewardship are therefore mandatory in perinatal practice.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rajlakshmi Viswanathan, Alok Chakrabarty, Sulagna Basu
Summary: In the aftermath of a natural disaster, microbiologists play a crucial role in multispecialty rapid response teams by providing laboratory diagnosis, situational analysis, evaluation, planning, prevention and control support. Their tasks include risk assessment for identifying epidemic and endemic diseases, evaluation of existing laboratory setups, establishment of services, training of laboratory staff, and focus on infection prevention and control. Their expertise proves valuable in providing timely and useful support for infectious disease management in disaster-affected areas.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sharmi Naha, Kirsty Sands, Subhankar Mukherjee, Bijan Saha, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: This study characterized carbapenemase-producing isolates in an Indian neonatal unit in terms of their resistome, transmissibility, and genome diversity. It identified diverse sequence types and highlighted the extent of plasmid transmission across different strains. The study also found the coexistence of different carbapenemase genes in these neonatal isolates, emphasizing the need for prompt attention to neonatal health care in the face of antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Subhasree Roy, Somdatta Chatterjee, Amrita Bhattacharjee, Pinaki Chattopadhyay, Bijan Saha, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: This study found high resistance of neonatal septicaemic Acinetobacter baumannii to fluoroquinolones, particularly moxifloxacin, with multiple active resistance mechanisms, including overexpression of efflux pumps. The diversity of strains and the presence of novel sequence types indicate a complex epidemiological relationship, while mutations within GyrA, ParC, and efflux pump regulators play a critical role in resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kirsty Sands, Maria J. Carvalho, Edward Portal, Kathryn Thomson, Calie Dyer, Chinenye Akpulu, Robert Andrews, Ana Ferreira, David Gillespie, Thomas Hender, Kerenza Hood, Jordan Mathias, Rebecca Milton, Maria Nieto, Khadijeh Taiyari, Grace J. Chan, Delayehu Bekele, Semaria Solomon, Sulagna Basu, Pinaki Chattopadhyay, Suchandra Mukherjee, Kenneth Iregbu, Fatima Modibbo, Stella Uwaezuoke, Rabaab Zahra, Haider Shirazi, Adil Muhammad, Jean-Baptiste Mazarati, Aniceth Rucogoza, Lucie Gaju, Shaheen Mehtar, Andre N. H. Bulabula, Andrew Whitelaw, Timothy R. Walsh
Summary: The BARNARDS study analyzed bacterial isolates from neonates with sepsis in LMICs, showing antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter as main species. Antimicrobial resistance is rising in neonatal sepsis, with poorly understood mechanisms that limit treatment options in LMICs.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kathryn M. Thomson, Calie Dyer, Feiyan Liu, Kirsty Sands, Edward Portal, Maria J. Carvalho, Matthew Barrell, Ian Boostrom, Susanna Dunachie, Refath Farzana, Ana Ferreira, Francis Frayne, Brekhna Hassan, Ellis Jones, Lim Jones, Jordan Mathias, Rebecca Milton, Jessica Rees, Grace J. Chan, Delayehu Bekele, Abayneh Mahlet, Sulagna Basu, Ranjan K. Nandy, Bijan Saha, Kenneth Iregbu, Fatima Modibbo, Stella Uwaezuoke, Rabaab Zahra, Haider Shirazi, Najeeb U. Syed, Jean-Baptiste Mazarati, Aniceth Rucogoza, Lucie Gaju, Shaheen Mehtar, Andre N. H. Bulabula, Andrew Whitelaw, Johan G. C. van Hasselt, Timothy R. Walsh
Summary: When advocating antibiotic treatments, accessibility and affordability must be considered, tailored to the variance in economic health structures across low- and middle-income countries. Funding comes from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. This article is published under an Open Access license.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Priyanka Jain, Rajlakshmi Viswanathan, Gourab Halder, Sulagna Basu, Shanta Dutta
Summary: This report presents the draft whole-genome sequences of two multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg sequence type 14, which were resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and/or azithromycin. These strains were isolated from neonatal stool and goat meat in Kolkata, India.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sharmi Naha, Kirsty Sands, Suchandra Mukherjee, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: This study aimed to understand the susceptibility trend and molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in neonatal isolates over a 12 year period. The results showed that colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae had multiple mechanisms of resistance, including overexpression of two-component systems and AcrAB-TolC pump and its regulators. The presence of strains with dual carbapenemases causing sepsis in neonates is alarming.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Subhasree Roy, Goutam Chowdhury, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of nosocomial infections due to its ability to acquire antibiotic resistance genes and form biofilms. This review discusses the evolution of antibiotic resistance, mechanisms of biofilm formation, infections associated with A. baumannii colonization on medical devices, and strategies for preventing biofilm formation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kirsty Sands, Maria J. Carvalho, Owen B. Spiller, Edward A. R. Portal, Kathryn Thomson, William John Watkins, Jordan Mathias, Calie Dyer, Chinenye Akpulu, Robert Andrews, Ana Ferreira, Thomas Hender, Rebecca Milton, Maria Nieto, Rabaab Zahra, Haider Shirazi, Adil Muhammad, Shermeen Akif, Muhammad Hilal Jan, Kenneth Iregbu, Fatima Modibbo, Stella Uwaezuoke, Grace J. Chan, Delayehu Bekele, Semaria Solomon, Sulagna Basu, Ranjan Kumar Nandy, Sharmi Naha, Jean-Baptiste Mazarati, Aniceth Rucogoza, Lucie Gaju, Shaheen Mehtar, Andre N. H. Bulabula, Andrew Whitelaw, Timothy R. Walsh
Summary: This study analyzed neonatal blood samples from low- and middle-income countries in Africa and South Asia, finding that Staphylococcus aureus is the dominant pathogen causing neonatal sepsis, with some resistance to antibiotics. Further research is needed to understand the species diversity and resistance mechanisms of Gram-positive bacteria and their impact on neonatal outcomes.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Subhasree Roy, Vivek Junghare, Shanta Dutta, Saugata Hazra, Sulagna Basu
Summary: Resistance-nodulation-division-type efflux system AdeABC plays a crucial role in carbapenem resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii. This study investigates the role of its regulator AdeRS in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) and explores the interaction of carbapenems and pump inhibitor PA beta N with the AdeB structure. The study identifies AdeRS mutations associated with overexpression of AdeABC and provides insights into the atomic level causes of pump inhibition, facilitating the discovery of novel inhibitors.
Article
Microbiology
M. J. Carvalho, K. Sands, K. Thomson, E. Portal, J. Mathias, R. Milton, D. Gillespie, C. Dyer, C. Akpulu, I Boostrom, P. Hogan, H. Saif, A. Ferreira, M. Nieto, T. Hender, K. Hood, R. Andrews, W. J. Watkins, B. Hassan, G. Chan, D. Bekele, S. Solomon, G. Metaferia, S. Basu, S. Naha, A. Sinha, P. Chakravorty, S. Mukherjee, K. Iregbu, F. Modibbo, S. Uwaezuoke, L. Audu, C. P. Edwin, A. H. Yusuf, A. Adeleye, A. S. Mukkadas, R. Zahra, H. Shirazi, A. Muhammad, S. N. Ullah, M. H. Jan, S. Akif, J. B. Mazarati, A. Rucogoza, L. Gaju, S. Mehtar, A. N. H. Bulabula, A. Whitelaw, L. Roberts, T. R. Walsh
Summary: This study in low-income settings revealed associations between the gut microbiota of mothers and their neonates, discovering a correlation between the carriage of beta-lactamase genes and the risk of neonatal sepsis.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Subhankar Mukherjee, Punyasloke Bhadury, Shravani Mitra, Sharmi Naha, Bijan Saha, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: This study characterized hvKP/CR-hvKP strains causing neonatal sepsis in terms of resistance and virulence. About 26% of the strains belonged to hvKP, with hvKP-K2 being the prevalent pathotype. The majority of the strains exhibited strong biofilm-forming and high serum resistance ability. Additionally, this study reported for the first time the NDM-1-producing hvKP ST11-K2 and ST15-K54 strains causing fatal neonatal sepsis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ankur Rao, Sharmi Naha, Amrita Bhattacharjee, Pinaki Chattopadhyay, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: The presence and dissemination of plasmid-mediated AmpC genes (pAmpCs) in bacteria have made them cephalosporin-resistant. This study analyzed the prevalence and diversity of pAmpCs in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from septicaemic neonates. The study found that pAmpCs were present in 9% of strains, with blaCMY-42 and blaDHA-1 variants being predominant. Some strains also co-harbored carbapenemase genes, blaNDM and blaOXA-48.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Amrita Bhattacharjee, Kirsty Sands, Shravani Mitra, Ritojeet Basu, Bijan Saha, Olivier Clermont, Shanta Dutta, Sulagna Basu
Summary: This study analyzed 80 isolates of Escherichia coli collected from neonates with sepsis between 2009 and 2019. The majority of the isolates were multidrug-resistant and 44% were carbapenem-resistant due to the presence of the bla(NDM) gene. Different phylogroups and clonal complexes were identified, with ST167 and ST131 being the most common epidemic clones.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rebecca Milton, David Gillespie, Calie Dyer, Khadijeh Taiyari, Maria J. Carvalho, Kathryn Thomson, Kirsty Sands, Edward A. R. Portal, Kerenza Hood, Ana Ferreira, Thomas Hender, Nigel Kirby, Jordan Mathias, Maria Nieto, William J. Watkins, Delayehu Bekele, Mahlet Abayneh, Semaria Solomon, Sulagna Basu, Ranjan K. Nandy, Bijan Saha, Kenneth Iregbu, Fatima Z. Modibbo, Stella Uwaezuoke, Rabaab Zahra, Haider Shirazi, Syed U. Najeeb, Jean-Baptiste Mazarati, Aniceth Rucogoza, Lucie Gaju, Shaheen Mehtar, Andre N. H. Bulabula, Andrew C. Whitelaw, Timothy R. Walsh, Grace J. Chan
Summary: This study aimed to determine the incidence and associations with neonatal sepsis and all-cause mortality in facility-born neonates in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Findings reveal a high incidence of neonatal sepsis and its significant impact on mortality rates in LMICs.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)