Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo E. Volandes, Sophia N. Zupanc, Joshua R. Lakin, Howard J. Cabral, Edith A. Burns, Maria T. Carney, Santiago Lopez, Jennifer Itty, Kaitlin Emmert, Narda J. Martin, Therese Cole, Alexandra Dobie, Traci Cucinotta, Milton Joel, Lisa B. Caruso, Lori Henault, Julianne N. Dugas, Kristina Astone, Michael Winter, Na Wang, Aretha Delight Davis, Cynthia Garde, Perla Macip Rodriguez, Areej El-Jawahri, Edward T. Moseley, Sophiya Das, Kate Sciacca, Ana Maria Ramirez, Valeria Gromova, Sherene Lambert, Shreya Sanghani, Charlotta Lindvall, Michael K. Paasche-Orlow
Summary: This study found that a GOC video intervention delivered by PCEs resulted in higher rates of GOC documentation compared with usual care, including among Black or African American individuals, Hispanic or Latino individuals, non-English speakers, and people living with Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ya-Mei Chen, Tung-Liang Chiang, Duan-Rung Chen, Yu-Kang Tu, Hsiao-Wei Yu, Wan-Yu Chiu
Summary: This study examines the sex differences in disability trends and the determinants of the rate of change in disability for men and women 50 years and older. The results suggest that women progress towards greater disability faster than men once disability begins. Age and comorbidities have a greater impact on the rate of change in disability among women. However, higher education levels and a better social network can lower the baseline disability and slow down the rate of change among women. Additionally, both men and women benefit from participating in physically active leisure-time activities.
Article
Ergonomics
Ritsu Kosuge, Kazuko Okamura, Yukako Nakano, Goro Fujita
Summary: This study targeted older drivers and provided interventions through a workbook to improve their self-awareness and driving performance. The intervention was found to enhance the accuracy of self-assessment, leading to improved general driving performance.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gillian Reyes-Marcelino, Tamara Tabbakh, David Espinoza, Craig Sinclair, Yoon-Jung Kang, Kirstie McLoughlin, Michael Caruana, Pablo Fernandez-Penas, Pascale Guitera, Joanne F. Aitken, Karen Canfell, Suzanne Dobbinson, Anne E. Cust
Summary: The study found that approximately one third of Australians had their skin checked by a doctor within a 12-month period, but this varied across population sub-groups. Skin check behaviors were relatively stable over time, with modest increases in the prevalence of skin checks for those aged 45-69 years.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ellen S. Sallfeldt, Hans Mallmin, Magnus K. Karlsson, Dan Mellstrom, Nils P. Hailer, Eva L. Ribom
Summary: This study used the EWGSOP2 definition to investigate the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia in older Swedish men. The prevalence of sarcopenia doubled within 5 years and more than a third of the participants with sarcopenia at baseline no longer had it at follow-up. Therefore, sarcopenia is not a static condition.
Article
Immunology
Luana Rocha da Cunha Rosa, Leyla Gabriela Verner Amaral Brandao, Winny Eveny Alves Moura, Lays Rosa Campos, Grecia Carolina Pessoni, Juliana de Oliveira Roque e Lima, Jose Cassio de Moraes, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro, Sheila Araujo Teles, Karlla Antonieta Amorim Caetano
Summary: Universal immunization has reduced the incidence of hepatitis B, but older individuals are still susceptible. This study investigated the epidemiology of HBV infection in individuals aged 50 years and over in central Brazil and evaluated the immunogenicity of the monovalent vaccine against hepatitis B in this age group. The study concludes that reinforced doses should be used to improve the efficacy of the vaccine in individuals aged 50 years or older.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marie Munk Jakobsen, Ole Steen Mortensen, Kasper Grandahl
Summary: The study showed that awareness of occupational skin cancer risk and perceived importance of sun protection significantly increased the use of sun protection among Danish outdoor workers, highlighting the importance of multicomponent interventions.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Matthew C. Podlogar, Peter M. Gutierrez, Thomas E. Joiner
Summary: A study found that having previous experiences with mental health care, such as psychiatric hospitalization, may increase the likelihood of intentional nondisclosure of suicide risk among men older than age 50; on the other hand, only receiving outpatient therapy for suicidal thoughts or behaviors may encourage full reporting of suicide risk. The severity of suicidal ideation and internalized stigma against mental illness also play significant roles in the outcomes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yoann Barnouin, Reina Armamento-Villareal, Alessandra Celli, Bryan Jiang, Arjun Paudyal, Vijay Nambi, Mon S. Bryant, Marco Marcelli, Jose M. Garcia, Clifford Qualls, Dennis T. Villareal
Summary: The study found that adding testosterone to lifestyle therapy for 6 months does not further improve overall physical function in older, obese men with hypogonadism. However, testosterone may help attenuate the reduction in muscle mass and hip bone mineral density caused by weight loss, and may also improve aerobic capacity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Duk Han Ko, Seong Eon Kim, Ji Young Lee
Summary: The study found that high-frequency strength exercises and smoking cessation can lower the prevalence of low testosterone, while obesity and low muscle mass increase the prevalence of low testosterone.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Christina Derksen, Lukas Kotting, Franziska Maria Keller, Martina Schmiedhofer, Sonia Lippke
Summary: The study demonstrated that using psychological models such as the health action process approach can help improve communication and teamwork among obstetric healthcare workers, enhancing patient safety. After training, fewer triggers were reported, coping self-efficacy increased, but communication behavior did not show significant improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xinyi Zhu, Shufei Yin, Lijuan Huo, Zhiwei Zheng, Juan Li
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of a multimodal intervention consisting of cognitive training, physical exercise, and group counseling on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. The results showed that the combination of cognitive training and Taichi exercise had a greater effect on improving cognitive function than the other interventions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dawoon Jung, Juhee Choi, Soohyun Park, Kee-Hong Choi
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of a videoconferencing autobiographical memory (AM) intervention using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) in older adults. The results showed improvements in AM specificity, decreased depressive symptoms, and improved cognitive function. Additionally, EMA data indicated a decrease in negative emotions during the intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tala Al-Rousan, Alison A. Moore, Benjamin H. Han, Roxanne Ko, Joseph J. Palamar
Summary: Binge drinking has increased among older men in the United States while it has remained stable among older women. Although tobacco and cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of binge drinking among both older men and women, demographic correlates tend to differ by sex.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhi-qiang Fan, Xin-an Yan, Bao-feng Li, Erdong Shen, Xin Xu, Hu Wang, Yan Zhuang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients over 50 years old undergoing spine surgery through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed a high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients undergoing spine surgery, especially in females, older individuals, and patients with degenerative scoliosis and compression fractures. Current osteoporosis screening standards may be inadequate, and orthopedic specialists should focus on preoperative screening and treatment of osteoporosis.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danny R. Youlden, Peter D. Baade, Andrew S. Moore, Jason D. Pole, Patricia C. Valery, Joanne F. Aitken
Summary: Survival for childhood cancer in Australia has continued to improve over recent decades, with most cancers showing improvements in survival. The study also estimated the number of deaths among Australian children that were potentially avoided due to improvements in survival.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sabbir T. Rahman, Mary Waterhouse, Briony Duarte Romero, Catherine Baxter, Dallas English, David A. Mackey, Peter R. Ebeling, Bruce K. Armstrong, Donald S. A. McLeod, Gunter Hartel, Rachel L. O'Connell, Jolieke C. van der Pols, Alison J. Venn, Penelope M. Webb, David C. Whiteman, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: Supplementing high-dose vitamin D may not significantly reduce the incidence of cataract surgery, regardless of age, sex, body mass index, serum vitamin D concentration, or ambient ultraviolet radiation.
Article
Economics
Louisa G. Gordon, C. Wood, R. W. Tothill, P. M. Webb, P. Schofield, L. Mileshkin
Summary: This study aimed to describe and quantify healthcare resource usage and costs for patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in Australia, and compare them with patients with ovarian cancer. The study found that pre-diagnosis costs for CUP patients were nearly triple those for ovarian cancer patients. Six months after diagnosis, healthcare costs remained higher for CUP patients than for ovarian cancer patients.
PHARMACOECONOMICS-OPEN
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Dilki Jayasinghe, Brigid Betz-Stablein, Mitchell S. Stark, H. Peter Soyer, Monika Janda
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Catherine M. Olsen, Nirmala Pandeya, David C. Whiteman
Summary: This study aimed to describe the incidence trends of invasive melanoma by histological subtype and thickness in two populations with different approaches to early detection (the US White population and Queensland, Australia). The incidence of thick melanoma (> 4.00 mm) increased at a faster rate than thinner melanomas in both populations over the period 1999-2018, primarily driven by nodular melanomas. Thin melanomas (< 1.00 mm) were predominantly of superficial spreading subtype, while thick melanomas (> 4.00 mm) were dominated by nodular melanomas.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Dermatology
Catherine M. Olsen, Louisa G. Gordon, Stacy M. Carter, David C. Whiteman
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Marjorie M. A. de Souza, Gunter Hartel, Catherine M. Olsen, David C. Whiteman, Annika Antonsson
Summary: This Australian-based study assessed the prevalence of oral HPV infection in Australian residents and found that the prevalence was 7.2%. The study also found a strong association between oral HPV infection and sexual behaviors, and suggested that HPV vaccination may result in a lower risk of infection with nonavalent HPV types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sandra Hayes, Andreas Obermair, Linda Mileshkin, Alison Davis, Louisa G. Gordon, Elizabeth Eakin, Monika Janda, Vanessa L. Beesley, Elizabeth H. Barnes, Rosalind Renee Spence, Carolina Sandler, Tamara Jones, Dimitrios Vagenas, Penny Webb, John Andrews, Alison Brand, Yeh Chen Lee, Michael Friedlander, Kate Pumpa, Helene O'Neille, Merran Williams, Martin Stockler
Summary: This is a randomized controlled trial on the effect of exercise in ovarian cancer patients. The trial aims to determine the impact of exercise on progression-free survival and physical well-being. The study involves 500 women with newly diagnosed primary ovarian cancer who will be randomly assigned to an exercise intervention group or a control group. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.
Article
Dermatology
Catherine M. Olsen, Nirmala Pandeya, Bruna S. Ragaini, Rachel E. Neale, David C. Whiteman
Summary: We compared the incidence trends of cutaneous SCC (cSCC) and melanoma in populations residing at mid-to-high latitudes and found that the ratio of cSCC-to-melanoma incidence increased with proximity to the equator and over time, especially in women.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roger Bouillon, Meryl S. LeBoff, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis and cellular processes. However, the benefits of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal and extraskeletal outcomes are conflicting. Large RCTs and MR studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation does not decrease bone loss, fractures, falls, cancer incidence, hypertension, or cardiovascular risk in generally healthy populations. Vitamin D supplementation may have extraskeletal benefits for the immune system, autoimmune diseases, and multiple sclerosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that vitamin D may reduce all-cause mortality. Therefore, the focus of vitamin D supplementation should shift to targeted supplementation in select individuals, good nutritional approaches, and elimination of vitamin D deficiency globally.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel Lindsay, David C. Whiteman, Catherine M. Olsen, Louisa G. Gordon
Summary: This study quantifies the differences in health care service use by people diagnosed with invasive melanoma in Queensland, Australia, based on their residential remoteness and socio-economic status. The analysis shows that there are minor variations in hospital admissions and specialist consultations, with public hospital admissions more frequent in areas of greater socio-economic disadvantage and outside major cities, while private hospital admissions and specialist consultations are more frequent in areas of lesser disadvantage and in major cities.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James O'Beirne, Richard Skoien, Barbara A. Leggett, Gunter F. Hartel, Louisa G. Gordon, Elizabeth E. Powell, Patricia C. Valery
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence of decompensated cirrhosis and associated risk factors in patients hospitalized with NAFLD or NASH. The results showed that patients with diabetes, aged 70 years or older, a history of other cancers or major cardiovascular events had a higher risk of decompensated cirrhosis. Additionally, patients with both diabetes and cirrhosis had a higher risk of decompensation. The study emphasized the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment to prevent disease progression in patients with NAFLD/NASH.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Judy Gregory, Rachel E. Neale, Oliver Frank, Louisa G. Gordon
Summary: This paper reports on a study exploring public perspectives about the harms and benefits of sun exposure, emphasizing the need for improved public information and an updated sun safety campaign in Australia.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
