Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natsumi Hara, Yu Sawada
Summary: Epigenetic modifications rarely occur alone, but rather form a network to control the epigenetic system. Limited knowledge exists about the epigenetic changes associated with cutaneous lymphomas. This review focuses on cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, summarizing the chemical modifications of DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and methylation. Current research on epigenetic-targeted therapy against cutaneous T-cell lymphomas is discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Christopher J. Fay, Katherine C. Awh, Nicole R. LeBoeuf, Cecilia A. Larocca
Summary: Cutaneous T cell lymphomas are rare non-Hodgkin's lymphomas that primarily affect the skin and have immunosuppressive effects contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. It is important to understand the immune system's role in disease progression and to develop therapies with immune modulating functions to improve treatment outcomes. This review will discuss the immune modulating effects of therapeutic drugs used and under development for cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Katarzyna Izykowska
Summary: Global hypomethylation and hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes are detected in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), suggesting methylation dysregulation as a starting point for malignant transformation. Summarized data on copy-number variations and mutations in main methylation players DNA methyltransferases/TET in CTCL, as well as studies on gene-specific hypomethylation and hypermethylation were presented, with discussions on using methylation pattern in diagnosis and methylation inhibitors in treatment of CTCL.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alain Chebly, Joana Ropio, Jean-Marie Peloponese, Sandrine Poglio, Martina Prochazkova-Carlotti, Floriane Cherrier, Jacky Ferrer, Yamina Idrissi, Evelyne Segal-Bendirdjian, Eliane Chouery, Chantal Farra, Anne Pham-Ledard, Marie Beylot-Barry, Jean-Philippe Merlio, Roland Tomb, Edith Chevret
Summary: The study found a specific methylation pattern in the hTERT promoter region in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells, matching with the TERT HyperMethylated Oncogenic Region (THOR), which remains relatively stable under approved epigenetic drugs for CTCL treatment, contrary to the expected impact of reducing hTERT gene expression.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ankedo Warda, Lech J. P. Staniszewski, Zhela Sabir, Sarah Livingston, Michael Sausedo, Sabeeha Reshi, Eyal Ron, Michael T. Applegate, Dena Haddad, Madleen Khamisi, Pamela A. Marshall, Carl E. Wagner, Peter W. Jurutka
Summary: In this study, the ability of 10 novel analogs and three standard compounds to drive RXR homodimerization and inhibit CTCL cell proliferation was evaluated. The results suggest that these new compounds may possess similar or greater therapeutic potential, as well as the ability to induce the expression of two critical tumor suppressor genes.
Review
Oncology
Gabriele Roccuzzo, Silvia Giordano, Paolo Fava, Alessandro Pileri, Alba Guglielmo, Luca Tonella, Martina Sanlorenzo, Simone Ribero, Maria Teresa Fierro, Pietro Quaglino
Summary: Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PCTCL) are the most common types of cutaneous lymphomas, with advanced stages presenting a significant therapeutic challenge and low survival rates. Recent studies have highlighted the role of immune-checkpoint molecules in the proliferation of neoplastic T-cells, leading to investigations into the potential use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in treating PCTCL. Ongoing clinical trials are also exploring the efficacy of immunotherapies in this field.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Werner Kempf, Christina Mitteldorf
Summary: CTCL, including MF and cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders, requires clinical-pathological correlation for diagnosis. Treatment is stage-adapted with options like UV-light therapies, corticosteroids, and targeted therapies. Novel therapies such as mogamulizumab, brentuximab vedotin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors have been introduced for better management.
HEMATOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Marion Jost, Ulrike Wehkamp
Summary: This review aims to provide an updated description of the potential role of the skin microbiota in CTCL, with a focus on mycosis fungoides. Some studies suggest that skin barrier defects and host-microbiota interactions may be involved in disease progression, and the review also discusses antimicrobial peptide expression and treatment considerations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca L. O'Brien, Jennifer Matsuda, M. Kemal Aydintug, Niyun Jin, Swati Phalke, Willi K. Born
Summary: Previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the role of gamma delta T cells in the development of type 1 diabetes. This study focused on NOD mice and found that NOD V γ4+ γδ T cells inhibit diabetes development, while NOD V γ1+ cells promote it. Additionally, changes in the abundance of other T cell types were observed in NOD mice deficient in specific gamma delta T cell subsets.
Article
Immunology
Hai Yang, Jason Cham, Brian Patrick Neal, Zenghua Fan, Tao He, Li Zhang
Summary: T cells are important for adaptive immunity and play a role in anti-tumoral immunity and defense against infections, including respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2. A customized pipeline for Network Analysis of Immune Repertoire (NAIR) was developed to analyze T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences. Network analysis and statistical methods were used to characterize the repertoire and correlate it with clinical outcomes. Disease-specific/associated clusters and shared clusters were identified, and a new metric incorporating clonal generation probability and clonal abundance was used to identify disease-specific TCRs. The proposed approach revealed potential disease-specific TCRs responsible for the immune response to COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yizhe Li, Jian Hu, Yongsi Wang, Dongdong Liu, Yaling Shi, Jiaqi Zhang, Yuntao Liu, Dongzi Lin, Jing Lin, Wei Hu, Haolan He, Wei Wang, Wentao Fan, Linlin Li, Dawei Wang, Kejian Wang, Jianhua Xu
Summary: By analyzing the peripheral T-cell receptor repertoire of 54 COVID-19 patients, a set of characteristic gene combinations were identified to distinguish asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, and predict the risk of recurrence in re-detectable positive cases. These findings have the potential to strengthen clinical surveillance and the development of immunotherapy for COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Aviv Omer, Ayelet Peres, Oscar L. Rodriguez, Corey T. Watson, William Lees, Pazit Polak, Andrew M. Collins, Gur Yaari
Summary: Adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing (AIRR-seq) is crucial for studying immune system dynamics. In this study, a B cell pipeline was adapted for genotype and haplotype inference of undocumented alleles in T cell receptor (TCR) data sets. The results revealed a rich picture of germline variability, and showed how a single nucleotide polymorphism dramatically affects the composition of the repertoire.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xueying Li, Anqi Zheng, Jiabang Liu, Mengfen Shi, Baolin Liao, Shi Xie, Rong Yan, Yifan Gan, Xuan Zuo, Mingxing Gong, Hongkai Wu, Zhanhui Wang
Summary: Challenges still exist in assessing HBV-specific T cell immunity in chronic hepatitis B patients, including the need for large quantities of cells. In this study, a dataset of HBV-specific T cell receptor beta chains (TCR beta s) was established using public databases and samples from acute hepatitis B patients. Analysis of the potential HBV-specific TCR beta s from chronic hepatitis B patients showed that individuals with better therapy response may rely more on newly emerging TCR beta s. Furthermore, the characteristics of potential HBV-specific clusters were found to differ between chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a cross-sectional study. Our strategy provides a convenient method for assessing HBV-specific T cell immunity using a small blood sample.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser, Joel M. Ramjist, Neil Shear, Raed Alhusayen
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate skin lesions of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas using dermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) and compare the findings with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Dermoscopy features and HFUS measurements of skin thickness can assist in differentiating between CTCL and other skin diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Atar, Anna-Sophia Mast, Sophia Scheuermann, Lara Ruoff, Christian Martin Seitz, Patrick Schlegel
Summary: CD19CAR T cells show promising results in treating relapsed and refractory aggressive B-lineage cancers. The AdCAR technology allows multitargeting and flexibility in adapting to different antigen profiles, increasing treatment effectiveness and overcoming antigen immune escape.