Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yirui Shao, Qingyun Peng, Yuliang Wu, Changfeng Peng, Shanshan Wang, Lijun Zou, Ming Qi, Can Peng, Hongnan Liu, Rui Li, Xia Xiong, Yulong Yin
Summary: This study found that a blend of carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde added to the diet of early-weaned piglets improved their growth performance and immune capacity. Furthermore, this blend also promoted the development of intestinal epithelial cells and the function of the intestinal immune system.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yanyan Zhang, Qian Li, Zhongxing Wang, Yi Dong, Dan Yi, Tao Wu, Lei Wang, Di Zhao, Yongqing Hou
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol complex (CCT) on the growth performance and intestinal function of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that CCT and colistin sulphate (CS) supplementation significantly reduced diarrhea rates in piglets. However, compared to CS, CCT supplementation had a negative effect on intestinal function.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruben I. Marin-Tinoco, Angie Tatiana Ortega-Ramirez, Maricela Esteban-Mendez, Oscar Silva-Marrufo, Laura E. Barragan-Ledesma, Luis M. Valenzuela-Nunez, Edwin A. Briceno-Contreras, Maria A. Sarinana-Navarrete, Abelardo Camacho-Luis, Cayetano Navarrete-Molina
Summary: In recent years, the determination of antioxidant and antibacterial activity in essential oils from wild plants has gained increasing importance. This study compared the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Mexican oregano essential oil from different growing conditions, and found that Wild1 had the highest antioxidant activity, while Wild2 exhibited high antibacterial activity against four bacterial species.
Review
Immunology
Xiaopeng Tang, Kangning Xiong, Rejun Fang, Meijun Li
Summary: Weaning is a critical period in pig production, but it often causes stress for piglets due to separation from the sow, changes in diet and living environment, and social challenges. This stress leads to changes in the piglets' small intestine, disrupting digestion and absorption, damaging intestinal barrier function, and resulting in reduced feed intake, increased diarrhea rate, and growth retardation. Understanding the effects of weaning stress on intestinal health is important for developing nutritional strategies to alleviate weaning stress.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yu He, Ning Liu, Yun Ji, Patrick Tso, Zhenlong Wu
Summary: Weaning stress in piglets reduces intestinal fat absorption and affects the morphology and expression of proteins related to fat absorption.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laeza Alves Sampaio, Licia Tairiny Santos Pina, Mairim Russo Serafini, Debora dos Santos Tavares, Adriana Gibara Guimaraes
Summary: Carvacrol and thymol, natural compounds, exhibit antitumor and antiproliferative activities by acting through multiple signaling pathways. Carvacrol appears to be more potent than thymol in vitro, but further in vivo studies are needed to determine safe doses, toxic effects, and clarify exact mechanisms of action.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wu Wang, Tingting Li, Jing Chen, Yingwang Ye
Summary: This research investigates the antibacterial potential of plant essential oil components against Salmonella Enteritidis. Thymol, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde were found to have the best inhibitory effect on S. Enteritidis. Thymol and carvacrol not only maintained the sensory quality of chicken, but also reduced pH, moisture content, and TVB-N value.
Article
Immunology
Shuting Cao, Lei Hou, Lihua Sun, Jingchun Gao, Kaiguo Gao, Xuefen Yang, Zongyong Jiang, Li Wang
Summary: The study found that early weaning reduced growth performance, damaged jejunal morphology, disrupted IFN-gamma/IL-4, IL-2/sIL-2R, and T lymphocyte balance, as well as impaired the IEL and LPL immune profiles of piglets.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Charlene Leneveu-Jenvrin, Aouatif Aboudia, Sophie Assemat, Fabienne Remize
Summary: The addition of thyme and Moroccan thyme essential oils inhibits fungal growth in pineapple juice, extending its shelf life. The low pH of the juice enhances the antifungal effect of the compounds. Despite the addition of thyme scent, the characteristic pineapple and sugary descriptors are maintained.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akos Juhasz, Viviana Molnar-Nagy, Zsofia Bata, Ko-Hua Tso, Zoltan Mayer, Katalin Posta
Summary: This study found that phytobiotic-prebiotic feed additives can replace zinc oxide in preventing post weaning diarrhea and promoting the development of a balanced gut system. Compared to the control groups, the phytobiotic-prebiotic feed additive significantly improved feed conversion ratio and reduced the amount of coliforms.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dongming Yu, Yaoyao Xia, Liangpeng Ge, Bie Tan, Shuai Chen
Summary: Studies have shown that Lactococcus lactis can improve growth performance and regulate amino acid profiles, intestinal immunity, and microbiota in weaning piglets.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jing Li, Fenfen Liu, Kaibin Mo, Hengjia Ni, Yulong Yin
Summary: Weaning piglets often suffer from severe diarrhea and intestinal motility disorders. This study found that the increased slow-wave frequency and decreased c-kit expression in the intestinal longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus (LM-MP) may be associated with postweaning diarrhea (PWD). The weaning process also caused inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in the LM-MP, leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation in the ileal and colonic LM-MP. This ultimately impairs intestinal motility regulation and results in diarrhea in piglets.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandra T. Krause, Pan Liao, Christoph Crocoll, Benoit Boachon, Christiane Foerster, Franziska Leidecker, Natalie Wiese, Dongyan Zhao, Joshua C. Wood, C. Robin Buell, Jonathan Gershenzon, Natalia Dudareva, Joerg Degenhardt
Summary: Thymol and carvacrol are phenolic monoterpenes with antibacterial and anti-spasmolytic properties. Their biosynthesis involves cyclization and oxidation reactions, with specific enzymes playing key roles. The study provides new insights into the formation mechanism of these compounds.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Meiwei Wang, Huijun Huang, Lei Wang, Huansheng Yang, Shengwen He, Feng Liu, Qiang Tu, Shanping He
Summary: Herbal extract mixture (HEM) supplementation in weaned pigs modulated antioxidant capacity and altered colonic microbiota composition, suggesting potential beneficial effects on gut health in weaning piglets.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lixuan Li, Xiaochun Chen, Keying Zhang, Gang Tian, Xuemei Ding, Shiping Bai, Qiufeng Zeng
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of supplementation with thymol and carvacrol eutectic (TCE) on broiler chickens. The results showed that TCE supplementation improved growth performance, intestinal morphology, nutrient absorption and transport capacities, as well as barrier function and inflammatory status.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Josue Delgado, Diana Ansorena, Thomas Van Hecke, Iciar Astiasaran, Stefaan De Smet, Mario Estevez
Summary: Red and processed meat consumption may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases through meat lipids, oxidation products, and excessive salt intake. Recent evidence suggests that carnitine in red meat may lead to atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of suffering CVD.
Article
Food Science & Technology
E. Kowalski, M. Aluwe, E. Vossen, S. Millet, B. Ampe, S. De Smet
Summary: The study found that genetic differences in parent lines affected pig live performance and carcass quality, but had little impact on meat quality. The only noticeable differences were a lower intramuscular fat content in ham and a tendency towards lower cooking yield in offspring of the sow line with the highest carcass lean content. Loin traits showed weak association with fresh and cooked ham quality traits.
Article
Pediatrics
Esther M. Gonzalez-Gil, Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasias, Christoph Buck, Luis Gracia-Marco, Fabio Lauria, Valeria Pala, Denes Molnar, Toomas Veidebaum, Licia Iacoviello, Michael Tornaritis, Gabriele Eiben, Lauren Lissner, Heike Schwarz, Wolfgang Ahrens, Stefaan De Henauw, Arno Fraterman, Luis A. Moreno
Summary: The study found that improving cardiorespiratory fitness in children can reduce the risk of inflammation, independently of weight and lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, enhancing fitness levels is crucial in preventing inflammatory states in children.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. Van Noten, E. Van Liefferinge, J. Degroote, S. De Smet, T. Desmet, J. Michiels
Summary: Thymol alpha-D-glucopyranoside and thymol beta-D-glucopyranoside have different stability and absorption mechanisms in the porcine gut. Bacterial hydrolysis is the main cause of thymol beta-D-glucopyranoside loss, while thymol alpha-D-glucopyranoside is more resistant to degradation or absorption.
Editorial Material
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
G. Richard, S. De Smet, M. Font-i-Furnols, F. Leroy, V. Lind
Article
Food Science & Technology
E. Vossen, L. Dewulf, G. Van Royen, I Van Damme, L. De Zutter, I Fraeye, S. De Smet
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of aging period, temperature, and humidity on sensory traits, oxidative stability, and proteolysis of Belgian Blue beef. Results showed no further tenderization after three weeks, but increased metmyoglobin formation and lipid oxidation after nine weeks. Aging temperature and relative humidity had limited effects on quality traits.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thomas Van Hecke, Stefaan De Smet
Summary: The addition of butter or oils affects lipid and protein oxidation during cooking and digestion of meat and fish. Different muscle foods have varying potential to form oxidation products during digestion, with fish displaying high n-3 PUFA oxidation and chicken showing high n-6 PUFA oxidation. Oxidative reactions were stimulated by the addition of fish oil and safflower oil, especially in the digestion of beef.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria Ignacia Rodriguez Escobar, Erasmo Cadena, Trang T. Nhu, Margot Cooreman-Algoed, Stefaan De Smet, Jo Dewulf
Summary: The limited data on cultured meat performance have led to scarce environmental assessments, impacting the accuracy of conclusions. A structured pathway is proposed to bridge the gaps and establish a foundation for understanding the potential of cultured meat through consistent environmental assessments.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
I Van Damme, S. Varalakshmi, L. De Zutter, E. Vossen, S. De Smet
Summary: This study evaluates the changes in pathogenic bacteria counts during dry-aging of beef, and finds that Salmonella and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 counts significantly decrease, while the reduction of Listeria monocytogenes is slower.
Article
Soil Science
Haichao Li, Jan Van den Bulcke, Orly Mendoza, Heleen Deroo, Geert Haesaert, Kevin Dewitte, Stefaan De Neve, Steven Sleutel
Summary: Soil texture strongly influences the levels of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil moisture, which in turn affects the decomposition of added organic matter (OM). This study found that silt loam soils have lower SOC levels compared to sandy soils in Western Europe. However, during periods of prolonged drought, silt loam soils with higher moisture availability favored OM mineralization more than sandy soils. The study also showed that capillary rise did not significantly increase OM decomposition in sandy soils. These findings highlight the importance of soil texture in regulating moisture and OM decomposition, and suggest that finer textured soils may experience greater SOC depletion under future climate scenarios.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Alice V. Stanton, Frederic Leroy, Christopher Elliott, Neil Mann, Patrick Wall, Stefaan De Smet
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Theo A. T. G. van Kempen, Samuel Benitez Punal, Jet Huijser, Stefaan De Smet
Summary: This study compares the absorption efficiency of T-Ac and T in broilers, finding that T-Ac has lower absorption efficiency compared to T, and T can increase tissue levels more effectively.
Article
Physiology
Annatachja De Grande, Richard Ducatelle, Saskia Leleu, Christof Rapp, Cibele Torres, Massimiliano Petracci, Stefaan De Smet, Joris Michiels, Freddy Haesebrouck, Filip Van Immerseel, Evelyne Delezie
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of different zinc sources and vitamin E levels on meat yield and quality in broilers subjected to chronic cyclic heat stress. The results showed that replacing ZnSO4 with ZnAA increased breast meat weight and yield, as well as improved the water-holding capacity of the meat. The study also found that the beneficial effects of ZnAA were independent of the vitamin E level.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Majdeddin, U. Braun, A. Lemme, A. Golian, H. Kermanshahi, S. De Smet, J. Michiels
Summary: Dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) affects creatine (Cr) metabolic pathways, leading to increased cellular Cr and improved broiler performance. However, its impact on oxidative status remains unclear. This study showed that GAA can enhance muscle energy metabolism and indirectly support tolerance against oxidative stress.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Marilyn De Graeve, Emma Van de Walle, Thomas Van Hecke, Stefaan De Smet, Lynn Vanhaecke, Lieselot Y. Hemeryck
Summary: Although the field of DNA adductomics is still in its infancy, this study evaluated different methods for sample analysis and data processing. The results showed that hydrophilic interaction coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry and thermal acidic hydrolysis in combination with solid-phase extraction provided better results for studying DNA adducts. Furthermore, quality control normalization was found to be more effective compared to other normalization strategies. Therefore, quality control normalization can be recommended as the default data normalization strategy.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)