Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nicole Freij, Daniel David Gregory, Shuang Zhang, Shaunna M. Morrison
Summary: Chlorite has been considered a mineral group that can potentially show different trace element chemistry when it is close to mineralization, making it a useful indicator for locating ore bodies. However, due to the complex geochemistry of chlorite, it has been difficult to develop a simple vectoring method based on the variation in abundance of a few chemical elements or isotopes. This study used machine learning, specifically cluster analysis, to analyze the geochemical correlations of chlorite samples with proximity to mineralization. The results showed that chlorite chemistry is more controlled by deposit type than proximity to mineralization, suggesting that cluster analysis of chlorite trace element content may not be an effective way to develop vectors towards porphyry mineralization.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
W. M. T. B. Wijepala, Sansfica M. Young, H. Ishiga
Summary: The Yodhawewa archaeometallurgical site, discovered in Sri Lanka in 2018, was analyzed using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method to understand the archaeological and geochemical relationship. The soil chemistry indicated the presence of special metal processing zones, with high levels of copper composition and crucible fragments containing copper particles. The study also revealed the long-term impact of metal activity on changes in environmental soil chemistry and the artificial addition of organic matter during furnace wall construction.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Martina Zucchi, Andrea Brogi, Domenico Liotta, Alfredo Caggianelli, Andrea Dini, Gennaro Ventruti, Giovanni Ruggieri, Paola Francesca Matera
Summary: This paper describes a geothermal system in a polyphase deformation setting and discusses how geothermal fluids circulate in such geological bodies. The study provides insights into fluid migration and deposition patterns, which can help in reconstructing geothermal models and evaluating the potentiality of exploitable areas in similar geological settings.
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Walter Prochaska
Summary: The multi-method approach of marble provenance analysis has been discussed for many years but rarely implemented in practice. This study demonstrates the significant improvement in accuracy achieved by combining data from isotope analysis, chemical data, and analysis of inclusion fluids, along with a comprehensive database. It highlights the challenges in comparing chemical composition data from marbles from different sources and presents successful discrimination of fine-grained marbles as well as intra-site discrimination of Carrara districts and assignment to specific quarries.
MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mineralogy
Alessandra Altieri, Federico Pezzotta, Henrik Skogby, Ulf Halenius, Ferdinando Bosi
Summary: A study on tourmaline crystals from Elba Island reveals that the dark-coloured Mn-rich overgrowths on the crystals are the result of a pocket rupture. This rupture caused the leaching of spessartine garnet coating the cavity, releasing Mn into the residual fluids. The study also suggests that the crystals underwent natural breakage, followed by simultaneous growth of Mn-rich dark terminations at the breakage surfaces.
MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Beverley C. Coldwell, Nemesio M. Perez, Maria Cordero Vaca, Matthew J. Pankhurst, Pedro A. Hernandez, Gladys Melian Rodriguez, Eleazar Padron, Maria Asensio-Ramos, Sara Ribeiro, Jose Francisco Santos
Summary: The production of fraudulent goods is a widespread issue with economic consequences. Geochemical methods, particularly utilizing strontium isotope data, have been developed to ensure traceability and identification of origin in the wine industry. Natural factors such as atmospheric precipitation and evaporation play a significant role in influencing the Sr isotope systematics in wines from Tenerife, with minor enrichments in Sr-87/Sr-86 observed.
Article
Archaeology
Hasan J. Ashkanani, Branislav Kovar
Summary: Analysis of pottery assemblages from the site of Al-Khidr on Failaka Island in Kuwait helped reconstruct the chemical composition of Bronze Age wares. Two subgroups within the Al-Khidr typological category were identified, and future research could explore other aspects of craft specialization and sociopolitical influences.
ARABIAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND EPIGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Archaeology
C. Fornacelli, A. Briano, L. Chiarantini, G. Bianchi, M. Benvenuti, M. Giamello, J. S. Kang, I. M. Villa, F. M. Talarico, R. Hodges
Summary: The study of sparse glazed ware from the Donoratico region in Italy in the ninth century utilized petrographic, chemical, and isotopic investigations to examine production technology. The evidence suggested the use of lead oxide flux on an unfired non-calcareous ceramic body, with various sources for PbO identified through isotopic analysis. Tin impurities in the glazes were found to be linked to local lead sources, specifically from Southern Tuscany, and possibly controlled by the Carolingian kings in northern Central Europe.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Laura Chiarantini, Marco Benvenuti, Giovanna Bianchi, Luisa Dallai, Vanessa Volpi, Rosarosa Manca
Summary: Archaeological investigations in the Colline Metallifere district of Southern Tuscany, Italy, have revealed several Medieval sites near major Cu-Pb-Fe (Ag) ore deposits. This study focuses on late-medieval slags from Cugnano and Montieri, using geochemical and mineralogical methods to understand slag heterogeneities resulting from ore differences and technological processes. The distribution of matte-rich slags with different compositions can provide insights into the ore-gangue association and technological processes employed in the two sites.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Massimo D'Orazio, Daniela Mauro, Marta Valerio, Cristian Biagioni
Summary: A study of sulfate minerals from the Monte Arsiccio mine in Italy using ICP-MS revealed high concentrations of several elements, some of which are important from an environmental perspective. Dissolution experiments showed that these minerals can significantly decrease solution pH and release major ions like Fe, Al, and K.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco Ciani, Laura Chiarantini, Pilario Costagliola, Valentina Rimondi
Summary: The study evaluated PBM pollution in the Central Italian Herbarium, finding that PBM is mostly fine particulate with Hg primarily bound to sulfur. It suggests potential health risks for workers mainly through oral ingestion exposure to multiple pathways of Hg.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hamed Pourkhorsandi, Jerome Gattacceca, Pierre Rochette, Thomas Smith, Lydie Bonal, Massimo D'Orazio, Bertrand Devouard, Corinne Sonzogni, Vinciane Debaille
Summary: The text discusses the discovery and characteristics of the Famenin meteorite in Famenin, Iran in 2015, as well as its chemical composition, origin, and classification. It suggests that Famenin is an intermediate type of ordinary chondrite with features between H and L chondrites, leading to the proposal of a new designation, HL group, to accommodate such meteorites.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Mineralogy
Massimo D'Orazio, Paolo Fulignati, Anna Gioncada, Francesco Cavalcante
Summary: This work describes the first occurrence of albitite rocks in the Middle Triassic Verruca Formation, Monti Pisani, Northern Apennines, northern Tuscany, Italy. The albitite formed in an amagmatic environment and went through a series of hydrothermal alterations, leading to the transformation of minerals such as chlorite and hematite into albite. The study expands the understanding of post-collisional hydrothermal activity in Tuscany northwards.
MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rosarosa Manca, Simona Scrivano, Chiara Manfriani, Francisco J. Ager Vazquez, Ines Ortega-Feliu, Marco Ferretti, Miguel Angel Respaldiza, Marco Benvenuti
Summary: This paper presents the compositional analysis of gold jewels by the Castellani family in the nineteenth century, using a non-invasive method with a portable micro-XRF spectrometer and X-ray detector.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gianfranco Di Vincenzo, Simone Vezzoni, Andrea Dini, Sergio Rocchi
Summary: The petrology and timing of magmatic-hydrothermal systems and the connection between plutonic and volcanic domains have important implications for natural hazards and exploitation of natural resources. In this study, the 40Ar39Ar method was used to investigate the timescale of a well-characterized natural example in Tuscany, Italy. The results reveal a temporal sequence lasting approximately 973 +/- 43 ka, with the first emplacement occurring at 5.409 +/- 0.043 Ma. The study also shows that the hydrothermal deposits formed within the first 400 ka of the sequence, followed closely by the first eruption.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. Folco, L. Carone, M. D'Orazio, C. Cordier, M. D. Suttle, M. van Ginneken, M. Masotta
Summary: This study investigates the mineralogy and geochemistry of Fe-Ni spherules from the soil around the Kamil crater, revealing their formation as impact melt spherules through the physical and chemical interaction between metal projectiles and silicate target melts and air.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. Magnani, F. Farina, F. Pezzotta, A. Dini, M. J. Mayne, O. Bartoli
Summary: The contact aureole of the Adamello pluton in Italy displays a rare combination of pelitic rocks anatexis and the formation of leucosomes, aplites, and pegmatitic bodies. The study reveals the presence of different metamorphic zones and two types of migmatites, which were generated through different partial melting conditions. The research also highlights the correlation between the leucosomes and lithium-rich pegmatites. The study provides insights into the variability of intraformational fluids participation during metamorphic reactions and the hybrid nature of partial melting in anatectic terranes.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jerome Gattacceca, Francis M. McCubbin, Jeffrey Grossman, Audrey Bouvier, Nancy L. Chabot, Massimo D'Orazio, Cyrena Goodrich, Ansgar Greshake, Juliane Gross, Mutsumi Komatsu, Bingkui Miao, Devin Schrader
Summary: The Meteoritical Bulletin 110 lists 2802 meteorites approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the Meteoritical Society in 2021, including 10 falls and a variety of meteorites classified by type and location.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Silvia Vettori, Davide Romoli, Teresa Salvatici, Valentina Rimondi, Elena Pecchioni, Sandro Moretti, Marco Benvenuti, Pilario Costagliola, Rachele Manganelli Del Fa, Michele Coppola, Beatrice Agostini, Francesco Di Benedetto
Summary: The monitoring of stone alteration is crucial for understanding and predicting the conservation status of building stones in urban areas. A non-destructive analytical approach and a simple, low-cost tool are needed for continuous monitoring and studying decay processes. This study aims to develop a protocol using SWIR hyperspectral and colorimetric techniques to investigate the sulfation degree of the white marble cladding surfaces of the Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral in Florence. The proposed protocol is rapid, repeatable, and non-invasive, and showed significant changes in color and mineralogy over a nine-year period.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jerome Gattacceca, Francis M. M. McCubbin, Jeffrey N. N. Grossman, Devin L. L. Schrader, Nancy L. L. Chabot, Massimo D'Orazio, Cyrena Goodrich, Ansgar Greshake, Juliane Gross, Katherine Helen Joy, Mutsumi Komatsu, Bingkui Miao
Summary: Meteoritical Bulletin 111 documents 3094 meteorites approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the Meteoritical Society in 2022. It includes 11 falls and various types of meteorites, such as ordinary chondrites, carbonaceous chondrites, lunar meteorites, etc. The majority of these meteorites were found in Antarctica.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Silvia Fornasaro, Francesco Ciani, Alessia Nannoni, Guia Morelli, Valentina Rimondi, Pierfranco Lattanzi, Claudia Cocozza, Marco Fioravanti, Pilario Costagliola
Summary: Trees can serve as valuable long-term monitors of atmospheric pollution by storing trace elements in their tree rings, which are influenced by environmental changes. In this study, chestnut tree trunk sections were examined to track the yearly evolution of atmospheric mercury in a mining district in Central Italy. Results showed a significant decrease in mercury contents in heartwood tree rings, likely due to mine closure. However, recent measurements still indicate higher mercury levels compared to a reference area. Chestnut barks, on the other hand, consistently exhibit higher mercury concentrations than sapwood, suggesting current pollution. These findings highlight the potential of tree rings as a low-cost biomonitoring method for managing and minimizing the impacts of mining and geothermal activities.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alessia Nannoni, Federica Meloni, Marco Benvenuti, Jacopo Cabassi, Francesco Ciani, Pilario Costagliola, Silvia Fornasaro, Pierfranco Lattanzi, Marta Lazzaroni, Barbara Nisi, Guia Morelli, Valentina Rimondi, Orlando Vaselli
Summary: This article reviews the studies conducted in the Monte Amiata mercury ore field in the past eight years and summarizes the important results and progress made. The studies include characterization of mercury distribution in different substances, assessment of pollution and support for reclamation efforts in the area. However, further efforts are needed to achieve optimal management of the extensive contamination in this district.
