Article
Environmental Sciences
R. Shanmuga Priyan, Anju Elizbath Peter, Jyothi S. Menon, Mohan George, S. M. Shiva Nagendra, Mukesh Khare
Summary: The study found variations in PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at different elevations in Delhi, with industrial residual oil combustion, vehicular emissions, and secondary nitrate identified as the main sources of pollution. Implementing measures such as using cleaner energy and strengthening industry regulation can help reduce air pollution.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Angelica Plata-Rueda, Marcelo Henrique Dos Santos, Jose Eduardo Serrao, Luis Carlos Martinez
Summary: This study characterized the insecticidal properties of Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) against Sitophilus granarius. The EO was found to significantly affect the mortality, survival rate, behavior, and respiration of S. granarius, suggesting its potential as an environmentally friendly insecticide.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mira Merdas, Melanie Lagarrigue, Thierry Umbdenstock, Antoine Lhumeau, Francoise Dartiguelongue, Quentin Vanbellingen, Georges Da Violante, Charles Pineau
Summary: The study utilized matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the distribution of acetaminophen and its metabolites in tissues. By employing on-tissue chemical derivatization, the sensitivity of mass spectrometry imaging for detecting the drug and its metabolites was enhanced, allowing for quantitative analysis in complex anatomical structures.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Rongjuan Cong, Albert Parrott, Cherry Hollis, Michael Cheatham, Tim Hill, Kimberly Bailey, Zhe Zhou, Judith Bautista, Paul Balding, Jingwei Fan
Summary: Crystallization-based separation techniques are commonly used in the polyolefin industry for CCD measurement. A new technique, iCCD, was developed using different separation packing materials to minimize cocrystallization and improve sample throughput rate. The iCCD method demonstrated equivalent cocrystallization degree to the industry standard method but with significantly improved sample throughput rate and measurement accuracy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jianxun Zhang, Yinggang Miao, Qinghua Qin, Tongqing Lu, Yang Ye, He He, Jikun Wang, Hua Li
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical behaviors of hydrogels under the influence of different fluid compositions through static and dynamic experiments. It is found that immersion in FeCl3 solution can increase the strength of hydrogels.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Bastian Grabe, Wolf Hiller
Summary: This study presents a new method to determine the molar mass distribution of block copolymers using nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion ordered spectroscopy with inverse Laplace transform. The results show that the DOSY approach, combined with dual detector size exclusion chromatography, accurately determines the molar mass distribution of block copolymers.
Article
Neurosciences
Shani Folschweiller, Jonas-Frederic Sauer
Summary: Respiration-driven rhythms play a role in coordinating local activity in the mPFC, but the extent to which it engages the network in a state-dependent manner is unknown.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tangxia Yu, Tao Jiang, Jing Wen, Hongyan Sun, Ming Li, Yi Peng
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different components of vanadium slag derived from different regions in China on its element distribution, phase composition, calcification roasting, and leaching rate of major elements. The results showed that the chemical composition of vanadium slag significantly influenced its performance and treatment efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hongmei Wang, Wentao Hu, Shuang Luo, Mengyao Liu, Jinrui Chen, Qizhou Chen, Changde Liu, Lan Pan
Summary: Vertical greenery systems (VGSs) have been found to effectively retain airborne particulate matter (PM), especially fine particles, improving the urban air quality. The quantity and composition of PM retained vary among different plant species. The retained PM consists of common elements from natural sources, with heavy metals possibly originating from brakes and tire wear.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alexander B. Alleman, Florence Mus, John W. Peters
Summary: There is significant interest in promoting biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) to reduce the use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture, but there are still fundamental knowledge gaps. Nitrogenase catalyzes BNF, requiring a large input of ATP and low potential electrons. Organisms that respire aerobically have an advantage in meeting the ATP demands of BNF but face challenges in protecting nitrogenase from inactivation by oxygen.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Davood Hassanian-Moghaddam, Mahan M. Moattari, Ali Rezania, Farhad Sharif, Mostafa Ahmadi
Summary: Tuning the bimodality of microstructural features in polymers has been proven to provide novel properties and applications. Quantitative expressions for the bimodality of univariate chain length distribution (CLD) and chemical composition distribution (CCD) are introduced in this study. Additionally, a bimodality criterion for the bivariate CLD-CCD is developed and represented graphically and analytically. The study also demonstrates the existence of bimodality in the CCD part of bivariate distribution beyond a specific chain length. Ethylene-propylene copolymerization in two loop reactors is used as a representative example to validate the suggested bimodality indices. The developed bimodality indices enable the design of new products with bimodal microstructural features and contribute to the development of characterization techniques and a better understanding of the structure-property relationships in bimodal polymers.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cristele Chevalier, Marine Vandenberghe, Marc Pagano, Ian Pellet, Christel Pinazo, Javier A. Tesan Onrubia, Loic Guilloux, Francois Carlotti
Summary: This study examines the variability of microplastics vertical distributions in the oceanic water column. Through targeted sampling in the Bay of Marseille and numerical simulation with realistic physical forcings, three categories of microplastics are identified: settling, buoyant, and winter neutrally-buoyant microplastics. Buoyant microplastics are mainly concentrated at the surface, but can mix throughout the water column during episodes of strong winds and no water stratification, leading to an underestimation of buoyant microplastics in surface sampling. Settling microplastics are mainly found at the bottom, but can occasionally reach the surface under specific mixing conditions. Winter neutrally-buoyant microplastics are more evenly dispersed during the winter but are located beneath the stratified layers in summer.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Antonia Gil, Javier Pallares, Inmaculada Arauzo, Cristobal Cortes
Summary: We investigated the influence of precursor heterogeneity on pyrolysis and CO2 gasification behavior for activated carbon applications. Barley straw samples of different particle sizes were tested using non-isothermal thermogravimetry and characterized by their carbon and volatile matter contents. Smaller particle sizes showed faster pyrolysis kinetics due to higher alkali contents and heat-mass transfer rates. Surprisingly, the finest fraction exhibited higher reactivity in char-CO2 gasification conversion rates, which decreased significantly at temperatures above 750 degrees C. The presence of high alkali content in the finest fraction promoted the catalytic effect of minerals at lower temperatures but hindered the gasification reaction at higher temperatures by forming low-melting-point potassium silicates. The findings provide insights for improving pretreatment strategies to enhance the quality of activated carbon.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Eleni Prifti, Helen Kaberi, Vasiliki Paraskevopoulou, Panagiotis Michalopoulos, Christina Zeri, Stylianos Iliakis, Manos Dassenakis, Michael Scoullos
Summary: The Saronikos Gulf is facing a lot of anthropogenic pressure, with heavy metal pollution being a major environmental problem. Sedimentary cores from Elefsis Bay and the Inner Saronikos Gulf were analyzed to study the temporal evolution and chemical speciation of eleven elements, revealing extensive pollution from the 1910s and 1960s. While there has been a decrease in sediment enrichment since 2000, a toxicity assessment showed that most trace elements still pose a moderate to high risk of toxicity to benthic ecosystems. This study highlights the urgent need for research and management of trace element inputs in the Inner Saronikos Gulf.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Ao Wang, Fernando Vargas-Lara, Jarod M. Younker, Krishnan A. Iyer, Kenneth R. Shull, Sinan Keten
Summary: By conducting high-frequency oscillatory shear molecular dynamics simulations, the study reveals a positive correlation between the complex shear modulus of EPDM and the propylene monomer ratio. The Debye-Waller factor can predict the complex shear modulus and loss modulus, with design parameters affecting the rubber's moduli.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Chanda J. Littles, Robert K. Bonde, Susan M. Butler, Charles A. Jacoby, Sky K. Notestein, James P. Reid, Daniel H. Slone, Thomas K. Frazer
ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Biology
A. Challen Hyman, Thomas K. Frazer, Charles A. Jacoby, Jessica R. Frost, Michal Kowalewski
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jing Guan, Charles A. Jacoby, Thomas K. Frazer
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jing Guan, Charles A. Jacoby, Thomas K. Frazer
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Savanna C. Barry, A. Challen Hyman, Charles A. Jacoby, Laura K. Reynolds, Michal Kowalewski, Thomas K. Frazer
Summary: This study investigates the variation of invertebrate communities in seagrass meadows along a phosphorus concentration gradient in five estuarine systems in the Gulf coast of peninsular Florida. The results show that each estuarine system is distinct in terms of species composition, with differences driven by abundant or relatively common species. Furthermore, the study suggests that food webs in seagrass meadows along this gradient may differ, particularly in the relative dominance of algal grazers and predatory invertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Correction
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Abdiel E. Laureano-Rosario, Malcolm McFarland, David J. Bradshaw II, Jackie Metz, Rachel A. Brewton, Tara Pitts, Carlie Perricone, Stephanie Schreiber, Nicole Stockley, Guojun Wang, Esther A. Guzman, Brian E. Lapointe, Amy E. Wright, Charles A. Jacoby, Michael S. Twardowski
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Abdiel E. Laureano-Rosario, Malcolm McFarland, David J. Bradshaw II, Jackie Metz, Rachel A. Brewton, Tara Pitts, Carlie Perricone, Stephanie Schreiber, Nicole Stockley, Guojun Wang, Esther A. Guzman, Brian E. Lapointe, Amy E. Wright, Charles A. Jacoby, Michael S. Twardowski
Summary: The study assessed the dynamics of microcystins and saxitoxin in six segments of the Indian River Lagoon, finding dissolved nutrients to be the most highly related parameters. The results highlight the synergistic roles environmental and biological parameters play in influencing the dynamics of toxin production by harmful algae in the lagoon.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anmari Alvarez-Aleman, Eddy Garcia Alfonso, James A. Powell, Charles A. Jacoby, James D. Austin, Thomas K. Frazer
Summary: The Antillean manatee is classified as endangered due to its low abundance and human-related threats. Specific threats to manatees in coastal waters surrounding Cuba have not been systematically documented, hindering conservation efforts for the species in Cuba. It is crucial to address intense and poorly regulated fishing in critical manatee habitats to mitigate the significant threat it poses to the population.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul Maneval, Charles A. Jacoby, Holden E. Harris, Thomas K. Frazer
Summary: Growing corals in nurseries and outplanting them to supplement declining natural populations have shown significant progress globally. Consideration of genotype selection and nursery design and location can lead to increased production and reduced maintenance efforts.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiao Ma, Charles A. Jacoby, Kevin B. Johnson
Summary: The laboratory experiments evaluated the top-down control potential of the copepod Parvocalanus crassirostris on the harmful algal species Picochlorum sp., showing that the copepods consumed the harmful algal species but preferred the palatable alternative. The presence of palatable cells reduced the grazing rates on harmful algal species, suggesting that the top-down control of Picochlorum sp. blooms may be limited by prey size and palatability.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiao Ma, Charles A. Jacoby, Kevin B. Johnson
Summary: The experiments showed that grazing rates on the prochlorophyte by the copepod were lower at higher densities, and grazing behavior decreased or ceased at densities above a certain threshold. The ratio of prochlorophyte to palatable alternative algae may affect copepod grazing behavior. These results suggest potential limitations of top-down control by this grazer on prochlorophyte blooms and HABs that produce mucilage.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lori J. Morris, Lauren M. Hall, Charles A. Jacoby, Robert H. Chamberlain, M. Dennis Hanisak, Janice D. Miller, Robert W. Virnstein
Summary: This article examines the changes in seagrass beds in the Indian River Lagoon and their impact on the ecosystem. The study finds that seagrass area increased from 1994 to 2009, but percent cover decreased. However, between 2011 and 2019, seagrass area decreased significantly along with a decrease in percent cover. These changes were associated with phytoplankton blooms and stress caused by insufficient light. The loss of seagrass also resulted in increased nutrient availability for other primary producers. The recovery of seagrass beds may take a long time.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Edward J. Phlips, Susan Badylak, Natalie G. Nelson, Lauren M. Hall, Charles A. Jacoby, Margaret A. Lasi, Jean C. Lockwood, Janice D. Miller
Summary: The study of phytoplankton blooms in a sub-tropical lagoon along the Atlantic coast of central Florida revealed multiple types of variability, including cyclical patterns and stochastic events, leading to a regime shift in bloom activity. This shift was characterized by a dramatic increase in peak biomass levels and the appearance of new dominant taxa, coinciding with widespread losses of seagrass community and reduced drift algae biomass. Factors such as exceptionally low water temperatures, hypersaline conditions associated with drought, and high light attenuation caused by blooms contributed to the decline in seagrass and macroalgal communities.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kate M. Fuller, Austin L. Fox, Charles A. Jacoby, John H. Trefry
Summary: The study investigated abundance and diversity of infauna in the Indian River Lagoon, finding that organic-rich sediments pose a certain stress on benthic organisms, with richness decreasing with increasing sediment concentrations of organic carbon, nitrogen, and silt + clay.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lauren M. Hall, Lori J. Morris, Robert H. Chamberlain, M. Dennis Hanisak, Robert W. Virnstein, Richard Paperno, Bernhard Riegl, L. Rex Ellis, Ali Simpson, Charles A. Jacoby
Summary: Drift macroalgae plays a key role in coastal ecosystems, including the Indian River Lagoon, and its biomass changes can interact with phytoplankton blooms. Research suggests that decreased biomass of drift macroalgae can lead to higher nutrient concentrations, promoting intense phytoplankton blooms and causing stress on other plants and the ecosystem.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)