4.7 Article

TiNb2O7 nanoparticle-decorated graphite felt as a high-performance electrode for vanadium redox flow batteries

Journal

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 462, Issue -, Pages 73-80

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.101

Keywords

Energy storage; Electrocatalyst; Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB); TiNb2O7 nanoparticles

Funding

  1. Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [MOST 107-2628-E-011-001-MY3]
  2. Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, from The Featured Areas Research Center Program by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan

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A novel, low-cost, safe, highly catalytic, and stable TiNb2O7 nanoparticle-modified graphite felt (TNO-modified GF) electrode was successfully fabricated using a simple solvothermal method for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The TNO-modified GF electrode showed the highest electrocatalytic activity toward the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple among all samples measured. According to charging-discharging results, the average energy efficiency of the cell using TNO-modified GF electrode reached 79.06% at 100 mA cm(-2), which is 4.43% and 15.73% higher than the cells constructed with heat-treated GF (HT-GF) and pristine GF (P-GF) electrodes, respectively. Moreover, cycling tests revealed no observable decay in the efficiencies after 100 cycles, indicating that the TNO-modified GF electrode is stable over repetitive cycling. The superior electrochemical performance of the cell with the TNO-modified GF electrode is attributed to the introduction of uniformly distributed TNO nanoparticles. The modification increased oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of GF, thus making it more hydrophilic. It also lowered the activation barrier for electrochemical reactions within vanadium ions, leading to facilitate the charge transfer process on the surface of GF.

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