Surface characterization of TiO2 thin films obtained by high-energy reactive magnetron sputtering

This paper presents the results of surface characterization of TiO(2) thin films deposited on different substrates by the use of high-energy reactive magnetron sputtering. Structural investigations carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have shown a strong influence of both the substrate type, and its placement in the deposition chamber (relative to the sputtering target), on the structural properties of the films. In all cases, there is evidence for pseudoepitaxial growth. XRD examination showed existence of TiO(2)-rutile phase with preferred (110) orientation and AFM measurements revealed nanocrystalline structure directly after deposition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the TiO(2) films have stoichiometric composition. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.