Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chengsheng Chu, Guangchun Hu, Xiaofeng Guo, Qiang Liu, Wei Li, Fanhua Hao, Qingpei Xiang, Jun Zeng, Yingzeng Zhang
Summary: In this study, the half-life of Kr-88 was measured at different positions using a high purity germanium detector. A rapid Kr-Xe separation process was used to collect the Kr-88 sample from the gaseous fission products of U3O8, with 196 keV and 2392 keV used for half-life determination. The measured half-life of Kr-88 was found to be 2.802 +/- 0.012 hours, in agreement with recent reports but different from earlier values.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mohamed S. Badawi, A. Hamzawy, Abouzeid A. Thabet
Summary: This study uses a hybrid analytical technique and a Eu-152 lateral hexagonal radioactive source to calibrate a gamma-ray scintillation detector. It can calculate geometric, total, and full-energy peak efficiency, as well as self-attenuation and coincidence-summing effect, making it useful for calibrating complex gamma-ray detectors.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanxiao Li, Yee Ling Ng, Manish D. Paranjpe, Qi Ge, Fengyun Gu, Panlong Li, Shaozhen Yan, Jie Lu, Xiuying Wang, Yun Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to improve the statistical power in detecting changes in brain glucose metabolism, amyloid, and tau deposition in Alzheimer's disease studies by using a reference tissue-based quantification approach. The results showed that the tracer-specific reference tissue improved the detection of PET SUVR changes, which is beneficial for early diagnosis, disease progression monitoring, and therapeutic response in Alzheimer's disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mostafa Y. A. Mostafa, Nada Farhan Kadhim, Hassan Ammer, Yassir Baqir
Summary: In this study, transfer factors of natural radionuclides U-238, Th-232, and K-40 were estimated for crops in farms near Baghdad and in Al-Najaf. Different crops showed varying transfer factors for the radionuclides, with wheat having the highest transfer factors.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. Ghasemi, M. Hassanvand, M. H. Choopan Dastjerdi, J. Mokhtari
Summary: The study aimed to design an appropriate shield for the HPGe detector used in the PGNAA facility in the Isfahan MNSR reactor. MCNPX code simulations were conducted to optimize the shield design parameters. The optimal thickness for gamma absorption was found to be 4 cm of lead and for neutron absorption was 10 cm of borated polyethylene. The shield reduced the neutron and gamma dose rates by approximately 90%.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M. I. Sayyed, M. Elsafi, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
Summary: The radiation attenuation ability of Bi2O3 powder in different sizes was investigated. It was found that the linear attenuation coefficient of micro-sized Bi2O3 is higher than that of nano-sized Bi2O3 when they have the same mass, and the difference between the two samples decreases with increasing photon energy. The mass and thickness required to reduce the initial photon intensity by half were also reported.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeqian Wu, Bairong Wang, Jian Sun
Summary: In this paper, the characterization method of the structural parameters of the HPGe gamma-spectrometer is investigated and the characterization results are presented. Experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations are performed to adjust the thickness of the dead layer and cold finger on different surfaces. After correction, the maximum relative deviation of the simulation results from the experimental results is reduced from 72.7% to 4.3%.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. M. Mahfuz Siraz, Jubair Al Mahmud, M. S. Alam, Md. Bazlar Rashid, Zakir Hossain, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, D. A. Bradley, M. M. H. Miah, B. Alshahrani, S. Yeasmin
Summary: In order to understand the potential health effects of radionuclides produced by coal-fired brick kilns, the first-ever measurements of terrestrial radionuclides were conducted in the topsoil surrounding a randomly chosen brick kiln in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The results showed that the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were higher than the world average values, indicating health risks to brick kiln workers and consumers of crops grown in the studied agricultural soils. The findings emphasize the need for municipal authorities to manage and monitor fly ash discharge from brick kilns and take precautionary actions to reduce health hazards.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
R. Kurtulus, T. Kavas, O. Agar, M. F. Turhan, M. R. Kacal, I Dursun, F. Akman
Summary: This study successfully fabricated Er-added recycled glasses, showing that the insertion of Er2O3 increased glass density and led to an amorphous nature. The synthesized glasses exhibited non-crystallinity and showed promising potential for radiation shielding applications.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Esra Uyar, Mustafa Hicabi Bolukdemir
Summary: This study characterized two p-type HPGe detectors by determining the optimum dead layer thickness through experiments and simulations, finding that the optimized thicknesses differed slightly from the manufacturer's specifications.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Javier Perez-Perez, Julio Cesar Amare, Iulian Catalin Bandac, Alberto Bayo, Silvia Borjabad-Sanchez, Jose Maria Calvo-Mozota, Laura Cid-Barrio, Rebecca Hernandez-Antolin, Beatriz Hernandez-Molinero, Pau Novella, Krzysztof Pelczar, Carlos Pena-Garay, Beatriz Romeo, Alfonso Ortiz de Solorzano, Michel Sorel, Jordi Torrent, Alberto Uson, Anna Wojna-Pelczar, Grzegorz Zuzel
Summary: The Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc (LSC) is the national center for low radioactivity techniques in Spain. The concentration of airborne radon plays a significant role in the radioactive budget near the detectors, and the LSC has a Radon Abatement System to provide purified air. The air's radon content is continuously monitored, and measurements have shown a notable reduction in radioactive background near the detectors. The LSC is also used for various research programs, including NEXT-100, low background biology experiments, and radiopure copper electroformation equipment.
Article
Polymer Science
M. Sayyed, Hanan Al-Ghamdi, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Sabina Yasmin, Mohamed Elsafi
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the potential of novel polymer composites for radiation protection applications. By incorporating different concentrations of micro- and nano-sized MgO into silicon rubber, the researchers found that the polymer composites with nano-MgO exhibited higher linear attenuation factors and lower mean free paths compared to those with micro-MgO. These findings highlight the importance of using high MgO content in silicon rubber for low-energy radiation protection applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Reza Pourimani, Monire Mohebian
Summary: One important issue in environmental gamma-ray spectrometry is the correction of background radiation to increase measurement accuracy. A P-type coaxial high-purity Germanium detector system was used for gamma-ray spectrometry in this study, with analysis and background correction conducted on various reference materials and substances. Statistical analysis was performed based on the Z-score for differences in activities, resulting in Z-scores within the range of 1 and - 1.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSACTION A-SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Van Doanh Ho, Bao Quoc Hieu Phan, Ngoc Son Pham, Van Hoang Dao, Hoang Duc Tam, Manh Dung Ho
Summary: In this study, the efficiency curves of a HPGe detector for soil samples were determined through experimental measurement and simulation calculations. The results were compared with a commercial software and evaluated for accuracy through radioactivity measurements.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
O. Kilicoglu, Chaitali V. More, F. Akman, K. Dilsiz, H. Ogul, M. R. Kacal, H. Polat, O. Agar
Summary: Research on advanced composites for protecting the environment from radioactive pollution has shown that polymer micro composites loaded with micro lead (Pb) have high attenuation coefficients for photon radiation, making them promising for applications in protective enclosures and other protective measures.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
R. Galea, K. Moore
Summary: In this study, the solution of 225Ac was standardized using the TDCR method. The counting efficiencies were calculated to be approximately 500% for the NRC TDCR system. The relative uncertainty for the activity concentration was determined to be 0.25%. The measured half-life of 225Ac was found to be consistent with previous measurements.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
N. C. Ramirez, S. M. Collins
Summary: In this paper, the authors determined the half-life of 68Ga using ionisation chambers measurements and HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry. They reviewed the current literature and identified possible causes of inconsistency within the dataset. The findings suggest that addressing these issues could lead to a significant improvement in future evaluations of the half-life.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
C. P. Mano, C. Chapelle, Der Mesrobian Kabakian, H. Paradis, O. Delaune, L. Patryl
Summary: CEA/DAM is developing new beta-gamma measurement systems to enhance the reliability of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty's verification regime. A new spectral unmixing algorithm for full-spectrum analysis was tested to improve analysis methods for nuclear activities with low statistics.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Junyoung Lee, Geunsub Kim, Hyegang Chang, Sangmin Lee, Sung-Joon Ye
Summary: The study applied the convolution/superposition method to calculate the dose distribution of boron neutron capture therapy and compared it with the Monte Carlo method. The results showed that the C/S method has a fast calculation speed and reasonable accuracy.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Victor H. Elvira, Marie-Christine Lepy, Yves Menesguen, Stephanie Melhem
Summary: In this study, a cryogenic electrical-substitution radiometer was utilized for the primary calibration of monochromatic photon beams at a synchrotron facility, in order to determine the intrinsic efficiency and dead layer thickness of an HPGe detector. This calibration method allowed for the calculation of efficiency up to 55 keV, where the active thickness of the detector is not a determining factor. Geometrical efficiency was also determined through measurements of a radioactive source at various distances.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ali Pashazadeh, Hamid Reza Baghani, Mostafa Robatjazi, Prajit Kadavil
Summary: This study investigated the effect of patch source geometric parameters on the depth dose distribution in skin tissue through Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that increasing the source-to-skin distance, patch thickness, and patch diameter will reduce the depth dose distribution, with the source-to-skin distance having the most significant impact on dose gradient.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yueli Song, Fengqun Zhou, Yajuan Hao, Xiaopeng Zhang, Pengfei Ji, Yong Li
Summary: In this study, the cross section values of the 109Ag(n,2n)108mAg reaction at different neutron energies were measured using the activation technique and off-line gamma-ray spectrometry. The results were compared with experimental data, evaluated data from libraries, and theoretical values to validate their accuracy.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Zhongkai Fan, Tao Hu, Xiangming Cai, Ruomei Xie, Haoxuan Li, Fengdi Qin, Shoukang Qiu, Yanliang Tan, Jian Shan
Summary: The high-precision measurement of Rn-220 is crucial for assessing and preventing thoron radiological hazards. By adding a ZnS(Ag)-coated clapboard, the issue of reduced Rn-220 concentrations due to decreased air pressure can be addressed, leading to improved detection efficiency. Experimental and simulation results provide valuable references for establishing the Rn-220 calibration factor.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
R. Han, Z. Chen, Y. Nie, B. Liu, G. Tian, X. Zhang, F. Shi, H. Sun, Z. Zhang, Y. Ding, X. Ruan, J. Ren, S. Zhang
Summary: The leakage neutron spectra of Lead samples were measured using a TOF technique, and MCNP simulations with different nuclear data libraries showed that JENDL-5.0 and JEFF-3.3 libraries have better agreement with experimental data. Differences in spectra mainly stem from variations in neutron reaction channels across the libraries, with ENDF/B-VIII.0 and CENDL-3.2 libraries being overestimated in certain energy ranges.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Nissren Tamam, Maryam Al Huwayz, Z. A. Alrowaili, Norah Alwadai, Khadijah Mohammedsaleh Katubi, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, I. O. Olarinoye, M. S. Al-Buriahi
Summary: This study investigates the radiation shielding properties and radiation protection applications of borotellurite glasses. The results show that the addition of TeO2 can enhance the glass's ability to absorb photons and fast neutrons, and effectively suppress photon buildup. These glasses also exhibit exceptional gamma radiation and fast neutron moderating abilities, making them suitable for designing lead-free, transparent, and efficient radiation protection structures.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
S. Chasapoglou, M. Kokkoris, R. Vlastou, M. Diakaki, V. Michalopoulou, A. Kalamara, G. Gkatis, A. Stamatopoulos, M. Axiotis, S. Harissopulos, A. Lagoyannis, M. I. Savva, T. Vasilopoulou, C. Lederer-Woods, N. Patronis, K. Kaperoni
Summary: This study investigated the accuracy and limitations of theoretical corrections in neutron-induced reactions on isotopically enriched Ge targets. Experimental cross-section measurements were conducted on several reactions using Ge-nat and isotopically enriched Ge targets. The results showed that the methodology using isotopically enriched targets provided accurate results without the need for theoretical corrections.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
P. G. Konstantinidis, G. S. Polymeris, E. Tsoutsoumanos, G. Kitis
Summary: This study investigates an altered version of an existing protocol to study the mechanisms and phenomena of stimulated luminescence. The protocol allows for the examination of recombination mechanisms and trapping parameters of the traps, as well as the observation of potential transitions between two different states.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Quanzhi Yu
Summary: This study obtained the broad neutron spectrum of the Atmospheric Neutron Irradiation Spectrometer (ANIS) through Monte Carlo simulation and provided an analytic expression. By calculating the Single Error Rate (SER) and ratio, the reliability of the ANIS neutron spectrum was evaluated.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
D. Glavic Cindro, M. Korun, T. Petrovic, B. Vodenik, B. Zorko
Summary: In gamma-ray spectrometric measurements, the decision threshold is determined by the observed value of the measurand. However, this dependence restricts its application to measurements with non-expressive indications. To address this issue, a recalculation of the decision thresholds based on the peak widths corresponding to expressive indications is proposed.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)