Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Aliosha Barranco Lopez
Summary: Hinge epistemology offers a new approach to avoid skeptical conclusions about a posteriori justification of our empirical beliefs. It argues that our empirical beliefs are based on certain commitments that are not determined by evidence alone. These commitments, known as hinge commitments, are considered either rational or arational but not beliefs by prominent hinge epistemologists. However, I propose that these views are subject to objections and instead offer the Arational Beliefs View, which considers hinge commitments as contingent and informing our worldview as arational beliefs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
John Bulmer, Michelle Duran-Chaves, Daniel M. Long, Jeremiah Lipp, Steven Williams, Mitchell Trafford, Anthony Pelton, Jared Shank, Benji Maruyama, Lawrence F. Drummy, Matteo Pasquali, Hilmar Koerner, Timothy Haugan
Summary: A mechanically robust wire formed by self-assembled fullerene supramolecules between carbon nanotube bundles is presented, where the internal crystal structure and outer surface of the supramolecules are aligned and dispersed with the CNT bundles. Crucial production processes, such as fullerene concentration and postprocess annealing, impact the crystallinity, crystal dimensions, and other structural features of the fullerene supramolecular network. The addition of networked fullerenes at low concentrations enhances the mechanical strength of the CNT wire, and the novel mutually aligned and networked fullerene supramolecules form a bulk self-supporting architecture.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andriy Nadtochiy, Viktor Kozachenko, Oleg Korotchenkov, Viktor Schlosser
Summary: In this study, nickel films with nanovoids filled with fullerene molecules were successfully fabricated, which exhibited special thermoelectric properties. It was found that phonon scattering at the C-60/matrix heterointerface can be enhanced. The distribution of atoms and morphology of the materials were characterized by Auger depth profiling and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Measurements showed that nanostructuring using Ar+ ion treatment increased the thermopower magnitude over the entire temperature range.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Augustina Jozeliunaite, Domantas Valceckas, Edvinas Orentas
Summary: Metal-free heterogeneous photocatalysis using unmodified fullerene soot and fullerene nanodispersion as carbon-based photocatalysts have shown high efficiency and selectivity in sulfide oxidation reactions in ethanol. The fullerene soot photocatalyst is easily recoverable and demonstrates stable catalytic properties. Additionally, the fullerene nanodispersion has shown potential as a general purpose photocatalyst in various other reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bo Peng
Summary: Photocatalytic water splitting is an environmentally friendly method to produce hydrogen and reduce global carbon emissions. Monolayer fullerene networks, synthesized recently, offer new material candidates for photocatalysis due to their large surface area, abundant active sites, and potential for hydrogen storage. The electronic structures of monolayer fullerene networks were investigated using density functional theory and hybrid functional calculations. It was found that these networks have suitable band gaps, appropriate band edges, and sufficient driving force for water splitting. Additionally, different phases of fullerene networks exhibit unique optical properties, making them advantageous in photocatalysis as either electron acceptors or donors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Felix Manger, Karen Fischer, Philipp Marlow, Holger Rohm, Christian Sprau, Alexander Colsmann
Summary: High-performance organic solar cells are produced from eco-friendly semiconductor dispersions using reversible electrostatic stabilization, eliminating the need for surfactants. Iodine is added to promote polymer oxidation and enhance the colloidal stability of the dispersions. The resulting polymer:non-fullerene solar cells exhibit power conversion efficiencies of up to 10.6% after thin-film deposition and thermal evaporation of the iodine.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bo Peng
Summary: Monolayer fullerene networks are potential efficient photocatalytic materials with suitable band gaps and band edge positions for driving water splitting, along with high carrier mobility and abundant active sites.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Akram Azadi, Hamid Reza Shamlouei
Summary: Designing different structures of nanobuds and investigating their formation using DFT-based calculation methods is the focus of this research. IR frequency tests and cohesive energy calculations showed no instability in the formation of the molecules. Electrical examination revealed that the nanobuds exhibit similar behavior to C60, with charge transfer from boron nitride to C60 causing the separation of charge and dipole. Additionally, the interaction of the designed molecules with solvents was explored, revealing dependence on both the solvent's dielectric constant and the molecule type.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Daniel A. Heredia, Andres M. Durantini, Javier E. Durantini, Edgardo N. Durantini
Summary: Functionalized fullerenes have shown promising biomedical applications as phototherapeutic agents, with their structures modified to improve photodynamic activity, especially in antimicrobial applications. By adjusting the structure of fullerenes, their performance in photodynamic activities can be enhanced.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Yong Seuk Lee
Summary: The tibial slope often increases after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) due to various factors, but slope-optimization methods such as sagittally oriented hinge placement, bone grafting, and knee extension during fixation are crucial. A preserved lateral hinge and proper posterior cortical osteotomy are essential for preventing excessive tibial slope increase in OWHTO surgery.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weifan Wang, Fiona Hanindita, Yosuke Hamamoto, Yongxin Li, Shingo Ito
Summary: A fully conjugated azacorannulene dimer with a large pi-surface has been successfully synthesized, which exhibits unique selective association with a dumbbell-shaped C-60 dimer and shows high quantum yield of red fluorescence. The utilization of a fully conjugated bifunctional azomethine ylide for the synthesis of large multiazafullerene fragments is a powerful method and has significant implications for the selective total synthesis of multiazafullerenes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Oscar A. Piedrahita
Summary: The author argues that traditional formulations of hinge epistemology can lead to epistemic relativism, and proposes a new minimally epistemic conception of hinges that avoids relativism and rationally resolves hinge disagreements. This proposed view suggests that putative cases of epistemic incommensurability are rationally resolvable by revising hinges in accordance with the overarching commitment to avoid systematic deception in epistemic practices.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jie Wang, Ruixiang Peng, Jing Gao, Dandan Li, Lin Xie, Wei Song, Xiaoli Zhang, Yaqin Fu, Ziyi Ge
Summary: The study fabricated Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT:PSS composite films by a simple solution process and utilized them as an anode interfacial layer in organic solar cells, achieving a high power conversion efficiency of 17.26%. The composite interface improved the conductivity and charge extraction efficiency of the devices, providing an effective method for high-performance organic solar cells.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ashkan Nikiyan, Soheil Komilian, Torfeh Sadat-Shafai
Summary: The study investigates the nanostructure formation and impact on electrical parameters of solution processed polymer/fullerene as an active layer of solar cell. Results show that fullerene plays a critical role in self-organization, facilitating favorable orientation and migration.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Claudia Compagnucci, Kira Martinus, John Griffin, Michael J. Depew
Summary: Coordination of craniofacial development involves complex interactions among embryonic epithelia and mesenchyme, with apoptosis playing a crucial role in jaw module extension and morphogenesis. Apoptosis uniquely controls patterning cues during craniofacial development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wen Ai, Xiaohui Hu, Jian Yang, Chunhua Lu, Litao Sun
Summary: Recent research on CrI3 monolayers has shown their potential for spintronic device applications as 2D ferromagnetic materials. In this study, the adsorption of various gases on CrI3 monolayers was investigated using density functional theory calculations. It was found that NH3, NO, and NO2 adsorption had a significant impact on the properties of CrI3, including high adsorption energy and charge transfer. The conductivity of CrI3 monolayer was reduced by N-based gas adsorption, indicating superior sensitivity and selectivity. Additionally, the ferromagnetic stability and Curie temperature of CrI3 monolayer could be enhanced by the adsorption of magnetic gases (NO, NO2, O-2). This work highlights the potential of CrI3 monolayer for gas sensing and the tunability of electronic and magnetic properties through gas adsorption.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fei Pan, Kun Ni, Tao Xu, Huaican Chen, Yusong Wang, Ke Gong, Cai Liu, Xin Li, Miao-Ling Lin, Shengyuan Li, Xia Wang, Wensheng Yan, Wen Yin, Ping-Heng Tan, Litao Sun, Dapeng Yu, Rodney S. S. Ruoff, Yanwu Zhu
Summary: This study reports the gram-scale preparation of a new type of carbon, long-range ordered porous carbon (LOPC), from C-60 powder catalyzed by alpha-Li3N. LOPC consists of connected broken C-60 cages that maintain long-range periodicity. The preparation of LOPC enables the discovery of other crystalline carbons starting from C-60(s).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wanlin Fu, Wanlin Xu, Kuibo Yin, Xiangyu Meng, Yujie Wen, Luming Peng, Mingyu Tang, Litao Sun, Yueming Sun, Yunqian Dai
Summary: In this study, TiO2 nanofibers were reinforced by introducing Al3+-species during electrospinning, leading to improved mechanical performance. The toughening mechanism was revealed by TEM observation and solid-state O-17-NMR spectra. The modified TiO2 nanofibers exhibited excellent sinter-resistance and were successfully folded into 3D sponge filters with high filtration efficiency.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chen Luo, Tao Xu, Zhihao Yu, Xinran Wang, Litao Sun, Junhao Chu, Xing Wu
Summary: Layered materials offer potential solutions for insulators in 2-D electronics, but their sub-nanometer thickness and complex interface states present challenges for their study. Transmission electron microscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing their morphology, chemical composition, crystal structure, and electronic structure.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
JiaHao Yao, Hongxuan Guo, Ziqing Yin, Chang Liu, Bo Da, Zheng Liu, Yajie Chu, Li Zhong, Litao Sun
Summary: In this study, an improved TEM image drift correction strategy is proposed that enhances accuracy without additional time consumption. The strategy involves the extraction of multiple feature points from the first image and utilizes the Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm to calculate the optical field of these feature points in subsequent images. A high-precision sub-pixel level correction strategy using linear interpolation is also developed. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of this strategy compared to the cross correlation algorithm, and its insensitivity to image size. Additionally, a semantic segmentation neural network is provided for electron microscope image pre-processing, expanding the applicability of the methodology.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiangyu Meng, Chuntong Zhu, Xin Wang, Zehua Liu, Mengmeng Zhu, Kuibo Yin, Ran Long, Liuning Gu, Xinxing Shao, Litao Sun, Yueming Sun, Yunqian Dai, Yujie Xiong
Summary: Researchers have developed hierarchical triphase diffusion photoelectrodes through simulation guidance to improve mass transfer and ensure electron transfer in photoelectrochemical gas/liquid flow conversion. Semiconductor nanocrystals are integrated within electrospun nanofiber-derived mats to overcome brittleness. This design enables continuous gas/liquid conversion in a flow cell with enhanced production rates and product selectivity for methane conversion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Long-Bing He, Lei Shangguan, Yu-Tian Gao, Sen Yang, Ya-Ting Ran, Zi-Yu Lu, Jiong-Hao Zhu, Bin-Jie Wang, Li-Tao Sun
Summary: In this paper, a piston-cylinder-configured nano-motor prototype is designed and fabricated, in which nanometer-sized Te segments are electrically controlled to reciprocate inside the carbon cylinder serving as nano pistons. With bias control, a circulating rate of 0-4.3 counts per second has been achieved. This prototype is the smallest piston cylinder-type nano-motor that has ever been reported and can provide new insights into investment casting-assisted nano electromechanical device fabrication.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guotao Jiang, Xiaohui Hu, Litao Sun
Summary: In this study, the contact properties of 2D metallic Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) electrode in contact with MX2 semiconductors (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te) were investigated using density functional theory calculations. It was found that FGT/MX2 exhibits n-type Schottky contacts with lower barrier heights compared to common bulk metal contacts with MX2, indicating FGT can serve as an efficient metallic electrode for MX2. The transition from n-type Schottky contact to p-type Schottky contact and Schottky contact to Ohmic contact can be achieved in FGT/MX2 under electric field. This work not only provides insights into modulating the contact properties of FGT/MX2 but also offers a route for designing nanodevices based on FGT/MX2 electrical contacts.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuting Shen, Shi Su, Tao Xu, Kuibo Yin, Kaishuai Yang, Litao Sun
Summary: Oriented attachment plays an important role in the assembly of nanodiamonds and their regulation. The alignment between nanodiamond surfaces determines the occurrence of an oriented attachment event, which leads to the formation of spherical particles through recrystallization. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that nanodiamond pairs preferentially coalesce along the {111} surfaces, and kinetic factors such as contact surface area and contact angle also influence the coalescence process.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mao Ye, Tao Xu, Min Liu, Yatong Zhu, Dundong Yuan, Hao Zhang, Ming Qin, Litao Sun
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in various biological and chemical reactions. However, due to their short lifespan, traditional ROS detection techniques cannot provide real-time monitoring and identification of individual reactive species in ROS-driven reactions. In this study, through in situ liquid cell TEM and ex situ experiments, the researchers were able to visualize the real-time ROS-driven etching of Prussian blue (PB) and identify the dominant reactive species involved. The findings indicate that highly oxidative (OH)-O• is the main reactive radical in rapid chemical etching driven by ROS, which allows for the synthesis of hollow mesoporous PB nanoparticles on a minute-level timescale. This research provides valuable insights into ROS-related oxidation, enhancing our understanding of ROS chemistry and expanding its applications in advanced chemical etching.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yujie Song, Xiao Xie, Yang Liu, Zhen Zhu, Litao Sun
Summary: Metal ions, especially Cu2+, play vital roles in various biochemical reactions in the human body and are essential for maintaining good health. This study investigates the interaction between Cu2+ and DNA using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and in situ liquid-cell TEM. Results demonstrate that the binding of Cu2+ to DNA results in the bending of the DNA strand and provides a site for the nucleation and growth of copper crystals. The arrangement of the copper crystals along the curved DNA strand correlates with the guanine arrangement on the DNA sequence. This research provides a direct observation of the DNA-Cu2+ complex at the nanometer scale and contributes to further understanding the interaction mechanism, benefiting biomedical research.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiao-Min Zhang, Jiawei Tang, Jing Zhang, Jin Yu, Litao Sun, Zhiqing Yang, Ke Xia, Weiwei Sun
Summary: Researchers successfully fabricated a new 2D titanium nanosheet through electron-beam irradiation, which exhibits medium-level electron-phonon coupling and non-magnetic superconductivity. The titanium monolayer is highly robust under strain and shows the evolution of local Dirac points near the Fermi energy in the electronic band structure. This discovery will encourage further exploration of isotopic monolayers based on pure d metals and open up new possibilities for 2D superconductors and ultra-thin sensor components.
NANOSCALE HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanliu Zhao, Yuxin Xue, Yu Zhao, Jiayi Chen, Bo Chang, Hao Huang, Tao Xu, Litao Sun, Yunfei Chen, Jingjie Sha, Beibei Zhu, Li Tao
Summary: In this study, a composition-adjustable 2D bismuth antimonide (Bi100-xSbx) was synthesized using an e-beam evaporation system with homemade targets. Engineering multiscale defects was performed to optimize the thermoelectric performance of the compound. The introduction of Sb alloying drastically decreased the thermal conductivity, while maintaining the electrical conductivity, resulting in an enhanced ZT value of 0.13 for the annealed Bi82Sb18.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuheng Huang, Kuibo Yin, Binghui Li, Anqi Zheng, Bozhi Wu, Litao Sun, Meng Nie
Summary: “In this study, a novel on-chip microelectromechanical system (MEMS) for in situ quantitative mechanical testing of nanostructures under tension-compression functions is reported. The mechanical properties of three nanostructures fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) techniques were systematically investigated using this testing system. Results showed that Pt nanopillars and C nanowires exhibited plastic deformation behavior under tension testing, while their mechanical deformation mechanisms changed in compression tests.”
NANOSCALE HORIZONS
(2023)
