Article
Thermodynamics
Sara Sallam, Mohamed Taqi
Summary: Direct steam generation in parabolic trough solar collectors is a promising technology, but it requires adequate control to avoid deterioration risk. This study presents a detailed numerical model to analyze the operating conditions of the system. The results show that choosing appropriate mass flow rate and pressure can prevent stratification and regulating the flow rate according to solar radiation ensures high quality and duration of steam production.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Somchart Chantasiriwan
Summary: This paper investigates an alternative method of solar-aided power generation using direct steam generating parabolic trough collectors for feed water heating in a small biomass power plant. The method aims to increase power output and electrical energy generation efficiency by raising the temperature of the heat transfer fluid through the use of parabolic trough collectors.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ram Kumar Pal, K. Ravi Kumar
Summary: This study investigates the effects of transient solar flux profiles on the thermal-hydraulics of flow boiling in the DSG process. The results show the vapor volume fractions at the absorber outlet, absorber surface temperature, and circumferential temperature distributions under different operating conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ram Kumar Pal, Ravi K. Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the thermo-hydrodynamics of direct steam generation in the receiver of a parabolic trough solar collector using a two-fluid modeling approach. The effects of operating pressure, mass flow rate, and the presence of a glass envelope on system performance were analyzed.
Article
Thermodynamics
Li Wang, Jie Sun, Zhi Zhang, Jin Jia Wei
Summary: A trans-dimensional multi-physics coupled analysis method is proposed to predict the global performance and accurately quantify the local deformation of the heat collection element in concentrated solar power plants. Different worst scenarios are identified in different sections of the loop, highlighting the importance of considering practical installation errors and the interaction between HCE and concentrator.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ram Kumar Pal, K. Ravi Kumar
Summary: The direct steam generation (DSG) technology in parabolic trough collector (PTC) solar power plants is an advancement that offers higher thermal efficiency, lower overall cost, and good potential for scale-up. Although developed over the past two decades, challenges in commercialization include high-temperature component design and thermal instability due to two-phase flow. Improvements in cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES) systems are expected to enhance grid integration and dispatchability of DSG solar power plants in the future.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Antonio Sanda, Sara L. Moya, Loreto Valenzuela, Roger Cundapi
Summary: This study investigates the thermal coupling between the heat collector element and the heat transfer fluid in parabolic-trough solar collectors, specifically in direct steam generation systems. Experimental data from the DISS facility is used to validate a 3D-1D model, and it is found that standard heat transfer coefficient correlations are inadequate for accurately predicting thermal fields. A new correction factor that considers non-uniform heat flux distribution is proposed and shown to greatly improve the model's predictive capabilities.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohsen Yazdi, Mohammad Hasan Khoshgoftar Manesh
Summary: This study investigates the generation of electricity through solar Rankine cycle thermal power plants using direct steam-generating collectors. A two-tank indirect heat storage system is employed to ensure continuous power generation even when there is no solar energy. The results of various analyses conducted on the power generation cycle components are reported.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Paula Chanfreut, Jose M. Maestre, Antonio Gallego, Anuradha M. Annaswamy, Eduardo F. Camacho
Summary: This paper proposes a clustering-based model predictive controller to optimize the heat transfer fluid (HTF) flow rates in solar parabolic trough plants. The hierarchical approach consists of two layers: a bottom layer of model predictive control agents and a top layer that dynamically partitions the loops into clusters. The dynamic clustering reduces the variables to be coordinated and speeds up the computations. Numerical results are provided for a 10-loop and an 80-loop plant.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dmitry Pashchenko
Summary: The paper examines an integrated solar combined cycle system (ISCCS) utilizing solar energy for steam methane reforming and compares its overall efficiency with that of a system utilizing solar energy for steam generation in a steam turbine cycle. Utilizing solar energy for steam methane reforming increases the overall efficiency by 3.5%. If water used for steam methane reforming is condensed from the exhaust gases, the overall efficiency of ISCCS increases by 6.2% to 8.9% compared to the system where solar energy is used for steam generation in a steam turbine cycle. Sankey diagrams based on the energy balance were compiled. Utilizing solar energy for steam methane reforming increases the power share of a gas turbine cycle, with two-thirds in the gas turbine cycle and one-third in the steam turbine cycle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiliang Wang, Yao Yao, Zhicheng Shen, Hongxing Yang
Summary: A novel parabolic trough collector-photovoltaic (PTC-PV) system is proposed to enhance the thermal performance and solar utilization efficiency. Mathematical models are established and experiments are conducted to validate the superior performance of the hybrid PTC-PV system.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Sarabchi, M. Yari, S. M. Seyed Mahmoudi
Summary: Two new configurations of cogeneration systems based on high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell were proposed, one with a methanol steam reformer and a catalytic combustor, and the other with a parabolic trough solar collector and a heat storage tank. The first configuration showed higher overall exergy efficiency, while the second configuration exhibited better exergoeconomic performance and lower CO2 emissions under different operating conditions.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jessica Settino, Vittorio Ferraro, Pietropaolo Morrone
Summary: The paper investigates the integration of solar energy into a traditional natural gas-fired combined cycle power plant and evaluates the impact of intercooling on energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. Solar energy is integrated through parabolic trough collectors to preheat the air leaving the compressor. The study compares two additional configurations and performs a thermodynamic analysis of the plant, developing a numerical model to simulate the solar field. The selected configuration achieves a solar conversion efficiency of 33% and a net electric efficiency of 69.5%.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shunqi Zhang, Ming Liu, Yongliang Zhao, Kezhen Zhang, Jiping Liu, Junjie Yan
Summary: This study proposes a novel system to recover bypass steam and enhance the efficiency of concentrated solar power plants. The results show that the system can increase electricity production with optimized design parameters.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sara Ruiz-Moreno, Jose Ramon D. Frejo, Eduardo F. Camacho
Summary: Using artificial neural networks to approximate the optimal flow rate given by an MPC controller significantly reduces the computational load to 3% of the MPC computation time. The neural network controllers provide practically the same mean power as the MPC controller with less abrupt changes at the output and slight violations of the constraints.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Marta Munoz, Antonio Rovira, Maria Jose Montes
Summary: Solar thermal power plants consist of two main systems: the solar field and the power block, with the choice of thermodynamic cycle layout and working fluid playing a decisive role in plant performance. The most common option currently is the steam Rankine cycle, often coupled with a parabolic trough solar field, although other configurations have also been implemented globally, including integrated solar combined cycles with other solar technologies.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Maria Jose Montes, Ruben Abbas, Ruben Barbero, Antonio Rovira
Summary: The study introduces a novel concept based on a rotary Fresnel solar collector for industrial heat supply, with thermal design focused on multi-tube receivers. The optimization methodology can be applied to Fresnel collectors providing heat at different temperatures, showing that maximizing exergy efficiency does not necessarily correspond to the highest energy efficiency.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
L. Barucca, W. Hering, S. Perez Martin, E. Bubelis, A. Del Nevo, M. Di Prinzio, M. Caramello, A. D'Alessandro, A. Tarallo, E. Vallone, I Moscato, A. Quartararo, S. D'amico, F. Giannetti, P. Lorusso, V Narcisi, C. Ciurluini, M. J. Montes Pita, C. Sanchez, A. Rovira, D. Santana, P. Gonzales, R. Barbero, M. Zaupa, M. Szogradi, S. Normann, M. Vaananen, J. Ylatalo, M. Lewandowska, L. Malinowski, E. Martelli, A. Froio, P. Arena, A. Tincani
Summary: This paper describes the pre-concept design of the Balance of Plant (BoP) systems of the EU-DEMO power plant, including two assessed breeding blanket concepts and preliminary evaluation of BoP variants. The paper outlines the steps of BoP design development and the plan for reaching a mature BoP concept for DEMO.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
D. D'Souza, M. J. Montes, M. Romero, J. Gonzalez-Aguilar
Summary: This paper presents an optimisation and comparative analysis of different compact plate-fin type structures for microchannel pressurised gas receivers. The study determines the optimal configuration for each structure and finds that the perforated and plain rectangular configurations demonstrate the highest exergy efficiencies of 59.21% and 58.80% respectively.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Magdalena Barnetche, Luis F. Gonzalez-Portillo, Javier Munoz-Anton, Ruben Abbas, Mercedes Ibarra, Ruben Barbero, Antonio Rovira
Summary: This study aims to analyze the impact of thermal pipelines inertia on a small-scale solar concentrator system. By comparing simulation results, it was found that pipeline inertia delays the system start-up sequence and decreases the temperature of heat transfer fluids, leading to a decrease in total energy production. Therefore, dynamic simulation is important in solar heat for industrial processes (SHIP) systems.
RESULTS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. J. Montes, V. Stojceska, D. Reay, M. Ibarra
Summary: This study focuses on the application of linear Fresnel technology for solar heating in industrial processes, and proposes a new design for a pressurized gas microchannel receiver. By using two converging absorber panels with compact core fin structures, the flow of the fluid is optimized to improve heat transfer. A thermal resistance model is formulated to quantify fluid heating and thermal gradient along the panel length and thickness, and a thermo-exergy optimization is conducted based on specific characteristic parameters.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ruben Abbas, Ruben Barbero, Antonio Rovira, Magdalena Barnetche
Summary: Two collectors based on SunDial technology were designed for a dairy company in Corinth (latitude 37.9 degrees N) and a steel company in Iasi (47.1 degrees N). Different concept designs, one-axis and two-axis tracking, were used due to the discrepancy in latitudes. Various models were employed to develop these collectors, including a thermal model, analytic models, and a Monte Carlo Ray Tracing model. The optimization results showed the adoption of double-field configurations with compact collectors at the final locations, resulting in an annual energy yield of 27.8 MW h.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. J. Montes, R. Guedez, D. D'Souza, J. I. Linares, J. Gonzalez-Aguilar, M. Romero
Summary: This study presents a novel design of microchannel central receiver for pressurised gases and supercritical fluids in solar tower plants. It consists of a radial arrangement of vertical absorber panels that converge on the central axis of the tower. The absorber panels comprise compact structures, whose compactness is increased in one flow pass compared to the previous one, as the fluid is heated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Ruben Abbas, Maria J. Montes, Javier Cano, Luis F. Gonzalez-Portillo, Andres Sebastian, Javier Munoz-Anton, Antonio Rovira, Jose M. Martinez-Val
Summary: A new low-cost solar collector, SunDial, has been developed to reduce costs by addressing the important effects of cosine and end losses. Using Monte Carlo Ray Tracing code, the study assesses these effects for different configurations and provides valuable insights for the design of future collectors.
SOLARPACES 2020 - 26TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Maria Jose Montes, Jose Ignacio Linares, Ruben Abbas, Alexis Cantizano, Ruben Barbero, Jose Porras
Summary: This paper focuses on the thermal model and thermoeconomic optimization analysis of a new heat exchanger in a solar thermal power plant based on the supercritical CO2 cycle. The proposed design of the heat exchanger aims to increase the global solar-to-electric efficiency.
SOLARPACES 2020 - 26TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.