Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chenglong Zhang, Chengtang Liu, Xuran Li, Pengfei Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Qianqian Du, Junfeng Liu, Weimin Zhuo, Yuxuan Zhuo, Jincheng Yang, Zhuobiao Ma, Yujing Mu
Summary: Approximately three billion people worldwide rely on solid fuels for cooking and heating, causing severe air pollution and approximately four million premature deaths each year. The novel clean combustion technology (NCT) is more effective in reducing emissions from solid fuel combustion compared to traditional technologies, playing a crucial role in improving air quality.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Haili Liu, Xu Zhang, Qingchao Hong
Summary: The study found that pollution gases produced by the combustion of food waste mainly include CO, H-2, and NOx, with higher emissions at higher temperatures. During combustion, both CO and H-2 emissions showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing as temperature rises, while NOx emissions exhibited two peaks.
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Manigandan, P. Gunasekar, T. R. Praveenkumar, Jamal S. M. Sabir, Thangavel Mathimani, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Kathirvel Brindhadevi
Summary: An experimental study was conducted to determine the performance, noise, and emission characteristics of a two-cylinder diesel engine powered by Canola and Moringa oleifera blends. The study found that Moringa oleifera exhibited superior performance compared to canola blends, and the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes improved combustion and performance characteristics of the diesel engine.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin Huang, Aijun Ding, Jian Gao, Bo Zheng, Derong Zhou, Ximeng Qi, Rong Tang, Jiaping Wang, Chuanhua Ren, Wei Nie, Xuguang Chi, Zheng Xu, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Fei Che, Nini Pang, Haikun Wang, Dan Tong, Wei Qin, Wei Cheng, Weijing Liu, Qingyan Fu, Baoxian Liu, Fahe Chai, Steven J. Davis, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He
Summary: The study indicates that during the COVID lockdown, haze was mainly driven by enhanced secondary pollution, particularly due to the significant decrease in NOx emissions from transportation. This highlights the need for a coordinated and balanced strategy to control multiple pollutants for haze mitigation.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sudarshan Gowrishankar, Anand Krishnasamy
Summary: Simultaneous reduction in NOx and smoke emissions is achieved with biodiesel under late-injection based low temperature combustion (LTC) strategy, but it leads to a substantial increase in unburned HC and CO emissions. This study aims to understand the reasons behind the formation of these emissions by comparing with conventional combustion and utilizing 3D CFD simulation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lukas Boehler, Markus Fallmann, Gregor Gortler, Juergen Krail, Florian Schittl, Martin Kozek
Summary: This paper presents the application of an emission limiting model-based predictive controller for a small-scale biomass grate furnace, extending the existing control system to improve combustion performance and minimize carbon monoxide emissions. Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in carbon monoxide emissions and improved control accuracy for supply water temperature, showing the robustness of the approach across different fuel types and water contents in the combustion process.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shengbo Ge, Kathirvel Brindhadevi, Changlei Xia, Amany Salah Khalifa, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Yuwalee Unpaprom, Hien Van Doan
Summary: The study focused on improving the performance and emulsion characteristics of biodiesel extracted from spirulina microalgae by adding a small dosage of Al2O3 nanoparticles as a catalyst. The results showed that the nanoparticles added to biodiesel reduced harmful gas emissions, improved combustion quality, and increased fuel efficiency compared to pure diesel blends.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Zhao, Yiwei Huang, Fangjian Xie, Xin Huang, Yang Yang
Summary: The study evaluates the impact of recent national and local air pollution control policies on emissions and air quality in Nanjing, a developed city in East China. Through air quality modeling, it was found that the emission inventory was reliable, and emission control had benefits on aerosol pollution. The results indicate a decrease in atmospheric pollutant emissions in Nanjing from 2012 to 2016, with emission control and meteorological conditions playing crucial roles in reducing aerosol pollution.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Felix Leach
Summary: Modern internal combustion engine vehicles are equipped with advanced exhaust aftertreatment systems that can reduce tailpipe emissions to nearly zero. However, research suggests that these vehicles are unlikely to clean the ambient air, although significant pollution reduction is possible in certain specific scenarios.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Georg Archan, Andres Anca-Couce, Markus Buchmayr, Christoph Hochenauer, Johann Gruber, Robert Scharler
Summary: This work investigated a novel small-scale multi-fuel biomass grate furnace technology that successfully reduced particulate matter and NOX emissions, demonstrating high fuel flexibility and potential for emission reduction.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aleksandar Manojlovic, Dusan M. Radosavljevic, Olivera M. Medar, Drago K. Sever
Summary: This study developed a calculation method to determine the specific and annual emissions from road transport, and the results showed good agreement with the results of other authors.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. Thiruselvam, S. Murugapoopathi, T. Ramachandran, Kassian T. T. Amesho
Summary: The study shows that palm biodiesel has inferior engine performance and moderate reduction in pollutant gases compared to neat diesel. However, the application of hydrogen induction in the engine improves both engine performance and pollutant reduction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tao Zhu, Xing Ning, Chunli Tang, Limin Wang, Lei Deng, Defu Che
Summary: The study reveals that in the cyclone barrel, regions with higher NOx concentration are mainly concentrated in the primary-air-controlled and near-wall areas. Appropriately delayed secondary air supply can effectively reduce the initial formation of NOx, and the central area of the cyclone barrel is the core region for NOx reduction. Increasing the velocity of secondary air significantly enlarges the central zone with a strong reducing atmosphere.
Article
Energy & Fuels
V. Praveena, Femilda Josephin Joseph Shobana Bai, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Yuvarajan Devarajan, Fethi Aloui, Edwin Geo Varuvel
Summary: Inducting hydrogen with biodiesel in a compression ignition engine can improve engine performance and minimize harmful emissions, although it may increase NOx emissions. The use of retrofit devices can help reduce NOx emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Junheng Liu, Wenwen Liang, Haoran Ma, Qian Ji, Pan Xiang, Ping Sun, Pan Wang, Mingliang Wei, Hongjie Ma
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a methanol/diesel dual-fuel combustion mode and an after-treatment system on the performance and emissions of a non-road diesel engine. The results showed that the dual-fuel mode reduced nitrogen oxide and soot emissions, but increased nitrogen dioxide, methanol, and formaldehyde emissions. The after-treatment system effectively reduced emissions and met the non-road emission standards.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Ramin Rabani, Hatim Machrafi, Pierre Dauby
MICROGRAVITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
X. Capelle, J. P. Schaaps, J. V. Bavi Dido, M. Dauby, T. Desaive, C. Van Linthout, L. Seidel, F. Kridelka, P. C. Dauby, H. Machrafi
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY OBSTETRICS AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Machrafi
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Benjamin Sobac, Laurent Maquet, Alexis Duchesne, Hatim Machrafi, Alexey Rednikov, Pierre Dauby, Pierre Colinet, Stephane Dorbolo
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Sadafi, R. Rabani, S. Dehaeck, H. Machrafi, B. Haut, P. Dauby, P. Colinet
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ramin Rabani, Hosein Sadafi, Hatim Machrafi, Monavar Abbasi, Benoit Haut, Pierre Dauby
Summary: This paper investigates the different morphologies formed by phase separation induced by solvent evaporation in a thin film, using numerical, theoretical and experimental analyses. The competition between evaporation and phase separation is shown to be the main determinant of the initial pattern choice.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. Machrafi, I. Bobinac, P. Dongo, V. Gallo, F. Iermano, C. S. Iorio
Summary: This study explores the potential use of a PEDOT:PSS hydrogel film as a cathode for a biocompatible cellulose-assisted biosensing device, investigating the impact of film formulation and preparation methods on electrical conductivity. The electrode based on ionic liquid shows higher electrical performance but poorer mechanical stability.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
F. Iermano, I Bobinac, P. Dongo, V Gallo, H. Machrafi, C. S. Iorio
Summary: This study proposes a metal-air battery with a PEDOT:PSS cathode, which exhibits low surface resistivity and considerable discharge capacity. The results demonstrate that PEDOT:PSS films are suitable for the cathode of Zn-Air batteries, and the battery device is biocompatible, lightweight, and cost-effective.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vanja Miskovic, Elena Malafronte, Christophe Minetti, Hatim Machrafi, Carolina Varon, Carlo Saverio Iorio
Summary: Wound management in Space is an important factor to be considered in future Human Space Exploration. This study explores the development of reliable wound monitoring systems using liquid crystal films and compares them against non-local infrared measurements. The results demonstrate that the proposed liquid crystal sensing element can be suitable for future wound monitoring systems.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hatim Machrafi
Summary: This work develops a physics-based formulation that explains the surface tension behaviors of nanoparticle dispersions and introduces the concept of the "non-occupancy" effect, which is delicately controlled by nanoparticles at a distance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hatim Machrafi, Fabio Iermano, Souhail Temsamani, Ilija Bobinac, Carlo S. Iorio
Summary: A hydrogel film containing an ionic liquid is developed and used as an air-cathode for a metal-air battery. The air-cathode shows improved conductivity without chemical changes. The battery demonstrates high specific energies and sufficient stretchability, making it a promising option for wearable power supply.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Patrice D. Dongo, Hatim Machrafi, C. Minetti, Alessandro Amato, P. Queeckers, C. S. Iorio
Summary: This paper introduces the concept of a heat-pulse ice detection system, which utilizes the high thermal capacity of ice compared to air for detecting icy spots on surfaces. Numerical simulations and experimental comparisons have been conducted to validate the principle and criteria of the ice detection system.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hatim Machrafi
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Hatim Machrafi
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hatim Machrafi
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.