Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Volume 106, Issue 1-2, Pages 255-263Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.05.037
Keywords
Water-gas shift reaction; Sulfur tolerant catalysts; Reverse water-gas shift; Rare earth oxysulfides; Fuel cells; Hydrogen generation
Funding
- Army Research Laboratory, Power & Energy Collaborative Technology Alliance
- Aspen Products Group
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We report on the high activity and stability of lanthanide oxysulfides, e.g., of La(2)O(2)S or Pr(2)O(2)S, as catalysts for the high temperature water-gas shift (WGS) and the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reactions. The catalytic activity derives from a very large oxygen storage capacity based on the redox of the sulfur ion in the interconverting oxysulfide/oxysulfate phases during reaction. The WGS reaction lights off at around 400 degrees C and reaches equilibrium at temperatures >750 degrees C in tests conducted at high space velocities (similar to 14,000 h(-1)). No loss of sulfur or catalyst deactivation is observed with time-on-stream in sulfur-free gas mixtures at all temperatures. These catalysts have fivefold lower aerial reaction rates (mu mol/m(2)/s) than commercial Fe-Cr catalysts at 400 degrees C. However, unlike the iron oxide-based catalysts, they can be used up to 800 degrees C with high levels of H(2)S (700 ppm) present in the gas mixture. Inhibition by sulfur at lower temperatures was fully reversible. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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