Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Li, Xia-Ming Jiang, Ning Cui, Chun Yuan, Shao-Fei Zhang, Qing-Bin Lu, Zhen-Dong Yang, Qin-Lin Xin, Ya-Bin Song, Xiao-Ai Zhang, Hai-Zhou Liu, Juan Du, Xue-Juan Fan, Lan Yuan, Yi-Mei Yuan, Zhen Wang, Juan Wang, Lan Zhang, Dong-Na Zhang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Ke Dai, Jie-Ying Bai, Zhao-Nian Hao, Hang Fan, Li-Qun Fang, Gengfu Xiao, Yang Yang, Ke Peng, Hong-Quan Wang, Jian-Xiong Li, Lei-Ke Zhang, Wei Liu
Summary: The study showed that T-705 treatment for SFTS can reduce case fatality rate, especially in patients with low viral loads. The T-705-treated group exhibited faster viral clearance, lower incidence of hemorrhagic signs, and quicker recovery from laboratory abnormalities compared to the controls.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elif Erbas, Nevra Aydemir Celep, Deniz Tekiner, Aydin Genc, Semin Gedikli
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the side effects of favipiravir on healthy lung tissue and the respiratory system. The results showed that favipiravir increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in lung tissue. This study confirms that favipiravir, widely used today, causes side effects in lung tissue.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jean-Selim Driouich, Maxime Cochin, Guillaume Lingas, Gregory Moureau, Franck Touret, Paul-Remi Petit, Geraldine Piorkowski, Karine Barthelemy, Caroline Laprie, Bruno Coutard, Jeremie Guedj, Xavier de Lamballerie, Caroline Solas, Antoine Nougairede
Summary: Despite limited pre-clinical evidence, repurposed drugs such as favipiravir are being extensively evaluated in clinical trials to combat the lack of antiviral options against SARS-CoV-2. Favipiravir shows strong antiviral efficacy in a Syrian hamster model, with high doses reducing viral infectivity while inducing mutations in viral genomes. However, toxicity concerns are noted at the highest tested dose, requiring further pharmacokinetic and tolerance studies before potential human use.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Paulina Koszalka, Kanta Subbarao, Mariana Baz
Summary: Antiviral drugs are important for controlling influenza, especially for severe cases. Combination therapy can reduce the development of drug resistance and improve outcomes for severe patients. Clinical trials can evaluate the effectiveness of different drug combinations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adem Kara, Seda Yakut, Cuneyt Caglayan, Tugce Atcali, Aykut Ulucan, Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
Summary: This study evaluated the potential toxicological effects of favipiravir administration on the liver and kidney tissues of rats. The results showed that favipiravir caused damages to the liver and kidney, including elevated liver and kidney enzymes, oxidative damage, histopathologic changes, apoptotic cell death, and inflammation.
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bin Yuan, Qi Peng, Jinlong Cheng, Min Wang, Jin Zhong, Jianxun Qi, George F. Gao, Yi Shi
Summary: Filoviruses, including Ebola virus, pose an increasing threat to public health. The structure of the Ebola virus L protein in complex with VP35 has been determined, revealing potential targets for anti-filovirus drugs. Additionally, suramin has been found to inhibit the activity of the Ebola virus polymerase.
Article
Microbiology
Vahid Rajabali Zadeh, Tosin Oladipo Afowowe, Haruka Abe, Shuzo Urata, Jiro Yasuda
Summary: Favipiravir inhibits the replication of JUNV through the accumulation of transition mutations. Combination therapy with ribavirin or remdesivir synergistically suppresses JUNV replication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Freire-Antunes, Uyla Ornellas-Garcia, Marcos Vinicius Rangel-Ferreira, Monica Lucas Ribeiro-Almeida, Carina Heusner Goncalves de Sousa, Leonardo Jose de Moura Carvalho, Claudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Flavia Lima Ribeiro-Gomes
Summary: New data suggests that neutrophils may both aggravate and protect against malaria. The balance of these cells in the body could impact the development of the disease. This study examined the response of neutrophils and T cells in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA, and found increased levels of neutrophils and neutrophil-T cell ratios before the onset of cerebral malaria. These findings could help predict the development of cerebral malaria and advance our understanding of its pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Suzanna Paterson, Satwik Kar, Seng Kuong Ung, Zoe Gardener, Emma Bergstrom, Stephanie Ascough, Mohini Kalyan, Joanna Zyla, Jeroen Maertzdorf, Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf, January Weiner, Agnieszka Jozwik, Hannah Jarvis, Akhilesh Jha, Bradly P. Nicholson, Timothy Veldman, Chris W. Woods, Patrick Mallia, Onn Min Kon, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Peter J. Openshaw, Christopher Chiu
Summary: The study highlighted the suboptimal vaccine immunogenicity, antigenic mismatch, and poor uptake leading to influenza remaining a major global disease. Investigating the kinetics, phenotypes, and function of influenza virus-specific CD8(+) resident memory T cells in the lower airway, it was found that CD8(+) Trm cells in the human lung display innate-like gene and protein expression that demonstrates blurred divisions between innate and adaptive immunity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Kritika Srinivasan, Mana Rao
Summary: COVID-19 has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and favipiravir, originally developed against influenza, shows potential in treating the disease. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal timing, dosage, and duration of favipiravir administration in COVID-19 therapy.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dingzhong Li, Jianbing Hu, Dian Li, Weijun Yang, Shuang-Feng Yin, Renhua Qiu
Summary: COVID-19 has rapidly spread worldwide, prompting scientists to research a variety of drugs for potential anti-viral activity. Commonly used drugs include chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, Favipiravir, and Remdesivir.
TOPICS IN CURRENT CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Koushikul Islam, Marcus Carlsson, Per-Anders Enquist, Weixing Qian, Marko Marttila, Marten Strand, Clas Ahlm, Magnus Evander
Summary: RVFV is an emerging pathogen in Africa with pandemic potential. There is no approved treatment for the virus. Researchers investigated structural modifications of a lead compound and found that the length of the chain was important for maintaining antiviral activity. Changing the position of the linker improved the compound's cytotoxicity profile. The modified compound 13a showed promise as a therapeutic candidate for RVFV infection.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung-Woo Choi, Jae Chul Lee, Won Seok Lee, Jin Yeong Hwang, Min Jung Baek, Yoon Seo Choi, Hae-Dong Jang, Byung-Joon Shin
Summary: This study compared the clinical features, treatment course, and prognosis of delayed postoperative spinal infection (PSI) with acute PSI. The results showed that delayed-onset PSI requires more extensive and longer treatment than acute-onset PSI, including revision surgery and additional instrumentation. The causative organisms and clinical manifestations did not differ between the two groups.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Kalvin C. Yu, Anuprita Patkar
Summary: This commentary by @Kalvin_Yu_MD and Anuprita Patkar, PhD discusses the higher risk mortality, LOS, and cost associated with hospital-onset bacteremia (HOB), as well as the implications of a regulatory HOB quality metric for patient care, clinical workflows, and hospital administration.
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Annelies Stevaert, Elisabetta Groaz, Lieve Naesens
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of nucleoside analogs for treating respiratory virus infections. Remdesivir is the first authorized compound, and three other nucleoside analogs are in the pipeline. This article summarizes the current knowledge on their clinical efficacy and mentions trials for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus. Furthermore, it outlines how nucleoside analogs interact with respiratory virus polymerases to cause lethal virus mutagenesis or disturbance of viral RNA synthesis.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2022)