Article
Microbiology
Sarah Lohsen, David S. Stephens
Summary: In Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), the Macrolide Genetic Assembly (Mega) encodes an efflux pump (Mef[E]) and a ribosomal protection protein (Mel), leading to antibiotic resistance. The macrolide-inducible Mega operon provides heteroresistance to 14- and 15-membered ring macrolides. Heteroresistance is concerning as resistant subpopulations can persist despite treatment.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Monica Amblar, Angel Zaballos, Adela G. de la Campa
Summary: This study characterized the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae without mutations in the DNA topoisomerase genes. The researchers identified the PatAB fluoroquinolone efflux-pump as the mechanism conferring low-level resistance to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. They also discovered a novel single mutation that upregulates the expression of patAB. This study highlights the importance of the PatAB transporter in levofloxacin efflux in pneumococcal clinical isolates.
Article
Microbiology
Ana G. Jop Vidal, Babek Alibayov, I. J. Frame, Landon Murin, Aidan Creel, Dongping Hu, Xueqing Wu, Jorge E. Vidal
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae kills Staphylococcus aureus through a contact-dependent mechanism that is facilitated by cations, including iron. Some strains of S. pneumoniae have acquired the Mega gene to resist macrolide antibiotics. Our study found that disrupting iron acquisition or using Mega to resist antibiotics did not inhibit the killing mechanism.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Damaris Berbel, Aida Gonzalez-Diaz, Guillem Lopez de Egea, Jordi Camara, Carmen Ardanuy
Summary: This study focuses on the macrolide resistance rates, genetic associated determinants, and antibiotic consumption data in Spain, Europe, and globally. Macrolide resistance determinants are differently distributed worldwide and associated with different clonal lineages and mobile genetic elements. Resistance rates vary depending on clonal dynamics and antibiotic consumption.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eunha Bae, Ye Ji Kim, Hyun Mi Kang, Dae Chul Jeong, Jin Han Kang
Summary: This study evaluated the treatment outcomes of children with lobar or segmental Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia resistant to initial macrolide therapy. The results showed that a non-macrolide + steroid regimen had the highest treatment success rate and a shorter duration of fever.
Article
Microbiology
Rui Yu, Yindi Xu, Stefan Schwarz, Yanhong Shang, Xuezhen Yuan, Yue Zhang, Dexi Li, Xiang-Dang Du
Summary: This study investigated the presence and location of erm(T) in clinical Streptococcus suis isolates and explored the transmission ability and fitness cost of erm(T)-carrying mobile genetic elements. The results showed that erm(T) was detected on a plasmid and an integrative and conjugative element (ICE) in S. suis isolates, which were transmissible by transformation. The erm(T)-carrying plasmid and ICE posed a fitness cost to the host S. suis isolate.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Brayan E. Gonzales, Erik H. Mercado, Maria Pinedo-Bardales, Noemi Hinostroza, Francisco Campos, Eduardo Chaparro, Olguita Del Aguila, Maria E. Castillo, Andres Saenz, Isabel Reyes, Theresa J. Ochoa
Summary: The macrolide resistance rates among Peruvian children infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae are alarmingly high, and the introduction of the PCV13 vaccine has led to a slight decrease in resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peng Liu, Xiaoxia Qin, Tingting Cao, Yuying Yang, Xiaomin Shi, Dejun Liu, Yang Wang, Zhangqi Shen, Shaolin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the potential resistance mechanism of telithromycin resistance in Campylobacter and found that the widely spread 23S_A2075G and erm(B) genes mediate high levels of resistance to telithromycin in C. coli.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soumeya Hema-Ouangraoua, Juliette Tranchot-Diallo, Issaka Zongo, Nongodo Firmin Kabore, Frederic Nikiema, Rakiswende Serge Yerbanga, Halidou Tinto, Daniel Chandramohan, Georges-Anicet Ouedraogo, Brian Greenwood, Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo
Summary: The study demonstrates that azithromycin can reduce the carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus in children, but the azithromycin resistance of S. aureus was not significantly affected. In addition, there was a high level of penicillin resistance, while Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) was detected in only a few cases. Monitoring antibiotic resistance in S. aureus and other bacteria is crucial in Burkina Faso due to unregulated antibiotic consumption putting children and others at risk.
Article
Microbiology
Peris Wambugu, Mohammad-Monir Shah, Hien-Anh Nguyen, Kim-Anh Le, Huy-Hoang Le, Hien-Minh Vo, Michiko Toizumi, Minh-Xuan Bui, Duc-Anh Dang, Lay-Myint Yoshida
Summary: A study conducted in Nha Trang, Vietnam, found that Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main cause of high pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children. The study showed that children attending school and older children were more likely to be infected with S. pneumoniae. The study also identified common serotypes and high resistance to certain antibiotics, as well as a high genetic diversity among the isolates.
Article
Immunology
Meng-Hsiu Yen, Dah-Chin Yan, Chao-Jan Wang, Kuo-Chien Tsao, Yi-Chuan Huang, Shao-wen Cheng, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Yhu-Chering Huang, Tzou-Yien Lin
Summary: A study conducted in Taiwan showed an increasing trend of macrolide resistance in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. There were no significant differences in clinical features and laboratory data between macrolide-resistant and macrolide-susceptible infections. Pleural effusion and macrolide resistance were found to be independently associated.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Daniel Hubert, Roger Dumke, Stefan Weichert, Sybille Welker, Tobias Tenenbaum, Horst Schroten
Summary: During a school outbreak of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in southwest Germany, the development of macrolide resistance was reported. Through a case series analysis of hospitalized children with M. pneumonia infection, a cluster of patients with emerging macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) was identified. Further studies are needed to confirm a potential link between macrolide resistance and disease severity.
Article
Immunology
Adnan Al-Lahham
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage rate is high in infants, especially starting from the first month of life. Main serotypes include 19F, 6A, 11A, etc. High coverage rates were observed for PCV13 and PCV20, with PCV20 having the highest coverage rate.
Article
Microbiology
Charlie Higgs, Lamali Sadeesh Kumar, Kerrie Stevens, Janet Strachan, Tony Korman, Kristy Horan, Diane Daniel, Madeline Russell, Christopher A. Mcdevitt, Norelle L. Sherry, Timothy P. Stinear, Benjamin P. Howden, Claire L. Gorrie
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen, and non-invasive isolates may serve as a source of invasive isolates and reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants. By comparing the genomes and antibiotic resistance profiles of invasive and non-invasive isolates, we found that non-invasive isolates exhibited higher levels of resistance to multiple antibiotics and certain sub-populations with high levels of AMR were overrepresented in the non-invasive population.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica R. Lane, Muralidhar Tata, Rahena Yasmin, Hansol Im, David E. Briles, Carlos J. Orihuela
Summary: The virulence factor PspA plays a critical role in the aggregation and protection of Streptococcus pneumoniae during colonization, while lactoferrin counters this effect. PspA forms protein complexes with mGAPDH and lactoferrin on the surface of the bacteria, and changes in the levels of these proteins may have important implications on the colonization, survival on fomites, and transmission of S. pneumoniae.