Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jai Hong Lee, Pierre Y. Julien, Jongseok Cho, Seungho Lee, Jungho Kim, Woochul Kang
Summary: A comprehensive investigation of the relationship between rainfall erosivity patterns in the contiguous United States and the warm and cold phases of El Nin similar to o/southern Oscillation (ENSO) was conducted. Multiple empirical and statistical analyses were used to examine the intensity and temporal phase of the ENSO-related rainfall erosivity index (REI) teleconnection. Five core regions were identified based on vectorial mapping, and it was found that the response of rainfall erosivity to ENSO events differs depending on the season and region. The study also revealed the high significance level of the ENSO-REI correlation and the stronger impact of El Nin similar to o events on rainfall erosivity compared to La Nin similar to a events.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minghong Liu, Hong-Li Ren, Run Wang, Jieru Ma, Xin Mao
Summary: This study investigates the distinct impacts of Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Tibetan Plateau (TP) summer precipitation. The results show that EP El Nino and CP La Nina have opposite effects on summer precipitation in the southwestern TP, with significant decreases and increases respectively, while CP El Nino causes significant decreases in central-eastern TP. This study may deepen our understanding of ENSO impacts on TP summer precipitation and have implications for regional climate predictions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omid Alizadeh
Summary: Research shows that the amplitude and duration of El Nino and La Nina events have not significantly changed over the past six decades. However, the amplitude variability of El Nino events is higher than that of La Nina events, while the duration variability is lower.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Omid Alizadeh
Summary: There is currently little consensus among models regarding the response of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to future global warming. Various complex nonlinear influences and biases in climate models make ENSO projections challenging. However, some models have achieved realistic simulations of mean-state changes in the tropical Pacific by correcting biases, offering promise for improving the reliability of ENSO projections.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jing Li, Eric Garshick, Shaodan Huang, Petros Koutrakis
Summary: This study investigates the influence of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on surface dust levels in different regions. Results show that dust concentrations are positively related with SOI, with stronger associations in North Africa and the Middle East. La Nina episodes are associated with increased dust concentrations, while El Nino events are associated with decreased dust concentrations in regions with high dust pollution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anbao Zhu, Haiming Xu, Jiechun Deng, Jing Ma, Shuhui Li
Summary: The El Nino-Southern Oscillation has a significant impact on spring aerosols over mainland South East Asia, southern China, and the ocean south of Japan. The ENSO affects aerosols in East Asia mainly through modulation of upstream aerosol generation and transport processes. The physical mechanism involves changes in air moisture and precipitation leading to variations in biomass burning activities and carbonaceous aerosol emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick Pieper, Andre Dusterhus, Johanna Baehr
Summary: By utilizing the relationship between El Nino-Southern Oscillation and precipitation, useful predictive skill for meteorological drought can be extended to lead times of 2 to 4 months in equatorial South America and southern North America during dry ENSO phases.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Amandeep Vashisht, Benjamin Zaitchik
Summary: This study aims to examine the combined effects of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on rainfall in East Africa and finds evidence of their interaction. The results show that under El Nino conditions, the modulation of rainfall by MJO is stronger, potentially leading to excessive daily precipitation.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dickson Mbigi, Ziniu Xiao
Summary: This study highlights the influence of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on East African rainfall, particularly during the October to December period. It reveals a stronger relationship between SAM and rainfall in recent decades compared to earlier years. The study also identifies the mechanisms through which SAM affects rainfall patterns, including the modulation of sea surface temperature anomalies.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Jia, Wenju Cai, Bolan Gan, Lixin Wu, Emanuele Di Lorenzo
Summary: Research suggests that under high-emissions warming scenarios, the North Pacific Meridional Mode (NPMM) strengthens its impact on El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), leading to increased frequency of extreme ENSO events and improved predictability.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyun-Su Jo, Yoo-Geun Ham, Jong-Seong Kug, Tim Li, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Ji-Gwang Kim, Hyerim Kim
Summary: This study reveals that the Southern Indian Ocean Dipole has become a crucial precursor of Central Pacific El Nino since the 2000s, with a lead time of 14 months. It differs from the equatorial Indian Ocean Dipole mode in prolonging the ENSO period, which adds to the challenge of ENSO prediction.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hsin-Yu Chen, Yu-Hsiang Hsu, Chia-Chi Huang, Hsin-Fu Yeh
Summary: Baseflow is crucial for streamflow and plays a significant role in both ecological environment and human activities. Climate change has led to longer dry seasons and delayed wet seasons in Taiwan, resulting in fewer rainy days and increased precipitation intensity. This study assessed baseflow characteristics and their relationship with climate features using various analysis methods, finding that baseflow is increasing and strongly influenced by precipitation and evapotranspiration. Climate change is the main factor contributing to the increase in baseflow.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Feng Ye, Jie Hu, Tian-Qiang Huang, Li-Jun You, Bin Weng, Jian-Yun Gao
Summary: Accurate prediction of ENSO is important for seasonal climate forecast. A convolutional neural network (CNN) has shown optimal skill for ENSO prediction, but it struggles to capture long-range precursors due to its local property. In this study, we introduce the ENSO transformer (ENSOTR) model, which utilizes the ability of the transformer model to focus on global features. Experimental results demonstrate that ENSOTR achieves better skill than CNN in ENSO prediction.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samuel Benito-Barca, Natalia Calvo, Marta Abalos
Summary: This study examines the impact of different flavors of El Nino (EP and CP) and La Nina on stratospheric ozone and the mechanisms driving ozone variations. The results show that EP El Nino and La Nina events have a significant impact on total column ozone (TCO), with reductions in the tropics and enhancements at middle and high latitudes during EP El Nino events. CP El Nino has a weaker impact on tropical TCO and no significant impact on extratropical TCO. The mechanisms driving ozone variations involve changes in advection, mixing, and chemistry processes.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Joseph S. Renken, Caleb L. Brown, Grace Kennedy, Jacques Mainguy, Nicholas Wergelas, Anthony R. Lupo
Summary: The occurrence of severe weather is an annual problem in the United States and North America, especially from March to June. This study demonstrates that abrupt changes in the Southern Oscillation Index can be used to predict major severe weather events one to three weeks in advance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)