Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Genta Ishikawa, Angela Liu, Erica L. Herzog
Summary: This review synthesizes available data regarding the complex role of innate immunity in IPF, discussing substances present in the fibrotic microenvironment, such as PAMPs and DAMPs, and the proposed contribution of innate immune populations. The relationships to environmental and genetic factors, disease outcomes, and potential therapies are considered, along with unanswered questions and future study opportunities.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Hannah Kaminski, Gabriel Marseres, Nathalie Yared, Marie-Julie Nokin, Vincent Pitard, Atika Zouine, Isabelle Garrigue, Severine Loizon, Myriam Capone, Xavier Gauthereau, Maria Mamani-Matsuda, Roxane Coueron, Raul V. Duran, Benoit Pinson, Isabelle Pellegrin, Rodolphe Thiebaut, Lionel Couzi, Pierre Merville, Julie Dechanet-Merville
Summary: mTOR inhibitors have been shown to enhance T cell function and reduce the incidence of CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients. This effect may be achieved by reducing the number of dysfunctional T cells.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Anne E. O'Shea, Franklin A. Valdera, Daniel Ensley, Todd R. Smolinsky, Jessica L. Cindass, Phillip M. Kemp Bohan, Annelies T. Hickerson, Elizabeth L. Carpenter, Patrick M. McCarthy, Alexandra M. Adams, Timothy J. Vreeland, Guy T. Clifton, George E. Peoples
Summary: Rapamycin inhibits mTOR signaling, exhibiting both immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune responses. The dose and administration schedule play a crucial role in modulating rapamycin's immunologic effects.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert Blasiak, Alice Dauriach, Jean-Baptiste Jouffray, Carl Folke, Henrik Osterblom, Jan Bebbington, Frida Bengtsson, Amar Causevic, Bas Geerts, Wenche Gronbrekk, Patrik J. G. Henriksson, Sofia Kall, Duncan Leadbitter, Darian McBain, Guillermo Ortuno Crespo, Helen Packer, Isao Sakaguchi, Lisen Schultz, Elizabeth R. Selig, Max Troell, Jose Villalon, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Emmy Wassenius, Reg A. Watson, Nobuyuki Yagi, Beatrice Crona
Summary: Humanity has greatly benefited from the ocean as a source of food, livelihoods, and well-being, but this has also led to global trajectories of degradation and persistent inequity. Policymakers, civil society, and the general public are increasingly aware of the importance of ocean governance. The seafood industry is navigating new challenges through private governance and aligning efforts with theoretical concepts of stewardship.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Parasitology
Wenn-Chyau Lee, Bruce Russell, Laurent Renia
Summary: This article explores the ability of Plasmodium spp. to form spontaneous rosettes with uninfected red blood cells and discusses the multifaceted roles of this phenomenon in malaria pathobiology.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dorien Feyaerts, Joshua Gillard, Bram van Cranenbroek, Lina Rigodanzo Marins, Mariam M. S. Baghdady, Gaia Comitini, A. Titia Lely, Henk W. van Hamersvelt, Olivier W. H. van der Heijden, Irma Joosten, Renate G. van der Molen
Summary: Pregnancy after renal transplantation is associated with increased risk of complications, impacting the immune cell composition in maternal systemic, uterine, and neonatal systems. Children born to kidney transplant recipients have significantly altered neonatal immune systems compared to those born from uncomplicated pregnancies. These findings have important implications for pregnancy complications, treatment decisions, and offspring's health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jeremy Bechelli, Claire S. Rumfield, David H. Walker, Steven Widen, Kamil Khanipov, Rong Fang
Summary: The study found that R. australis infection decreased levels of IFN-gamma and G-CSF in host mice, reduced rickettsial loads in tissues with cellular infiltrations, and regulated gene expression pathways such as IL-1 family cytokines and PI3K-Akt-mTOR in a manner dependent on Atg5. Additionally, infected macrophages released significantly higher levels of inflammatory cytokines, and there was an increase in phosphorylated mTOR and P70S6K during the autophagic response induced by R. australis, which was not sensitive to mTORC1 regulation or promoted by rapamycin treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Shanshan Wei, Zhiwen Zhang, Lu Yan, Yinjuan Mo, Xianwen Qiu, Xiangbin Mi, Kuan Lai
Summary: Transplantation of miR-20a-overexpressing ADSCs can prevent and significantly ameliorate murine lupus nephritis, with its mechanism related to the miR-20a-regulated mTOR pathway.
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Congrui Jiao, Jiahong Zou, Zhenwei Chen, Feifei Zheng, Zhen Xu, Yu-Hung Lin, Qingchao Wang
Summary: This study used yellow catfish as a model and found that dietary supplementation of glutamine can effectively improve the immune and antioxidant system in fish, reduce excessive inflammation in the gut and gills, and inhibit fish apoptosis and autophagy during bacterial infection.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jean Marc Ayoubi, Marie Carbonnel, Catherine Racowsky, Dominique de Ziegler, Antonio Gargiulo, Niclas Kvarnstroem, Pernilla Dahm-Kaehler, Mats Braennstroem
Summary: Uterus transplantation has the potential to provide hope for women with an absent or non-functional uterus, but there are currently limitations in terms of donor availability, recipient suitability, surgical challenges, and management during pregnancy.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Seraina Faes, Nicolas Demartines, Olivier Dormond
Summary: The importance of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) biology is highlighted by its frequent activation in RCC, promoting cancer cell proliferation and survival. Despite its protumorigenic effects, mTOR inhibitors have not provided long-lasting anticancer benefits in RCC patients, calling for a reevaluation of their role in treatment. This review presents the rationale and limitations of targeting mTOR in RCC, as well as discussing the future roles of mTOR inhibitors in RCC treatment, especially in the context of immunotherapies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Julia Sanchez-Garrido, Avinash R. Shenoy
Summary: The discussion focuses on how nutrient-sensing responses regulated by kinases like MTOR and AMPK are repurposed by the innate immune system during infection. Additionally, the study examines how natural mutations and pathogen-mediated interventions can disrupt the balance between anabolic and autophagic pathways, affecting tissue homeostasis and host defense.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianyu Hang, Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo, Naroa Goikoetxea-Usandizaga, Mikel Azkargorta, Gonzalo Aldamiz, Juan Martinez-Milla, Alberto Forteza, Jose M. Cortina, Jesus Egido, Felix Elortza, Malu Martinez-Chantar, Jose Tunon, Oscar Lorenzo
Summary: Type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and arterial hypertension (HTN) are major risk factors for heart failure, and they induce common molecular signaling in the heart, suggesting potential new targets for therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Riccardo Castagnoli, Ottavia M. Delmonte, Luigi D. Notarangelo
Summary: IEI, or primary immunodeficiencies, are disorders caused by mutations in genes involved in immune host defense and immune regulation. Advances in DNA sequencing technology have led to an exponential increase in the discovery of new genes associated with IEI in the past decade.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tobias Burkard, Martina Herrero San Juan, Caroline Dreis, Anastasiia Kiprina, Dmitry Namgaladze, Kai Siebenbrodt, Sebastian Luger, Christian Foerch, Josef M. Pfeilschifter, Andreas Weigert, Heinfried H. Radeke
Summary: Functionally distinct cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be identified based on their expression of CD8, playing opposing roles in the tumor microenvironment and autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The presence of CD8(Low) T cells correlated with poor prognosis and enhanced cancer progression, while a reduced frequency of these cells was found in relapse multiple sclerosis patients compared to healthy subjects during immune cell starvation in vitro.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)