Review
Immunology
Saeedeh Salehi, Shima Afzali, Abbas Shahi, Ali Akbar Amirzargar, Yaser Mansoori
Summary: Organ transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage organ diseases, but allograft rejection remains a major obstacle to long-term survival. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed as potential targets for prediction, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of graft rejection. Noninvasive predictive biomarkers hold promise to overcome the limitations of traditional tissue biopsy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of lncRNAs and their role in facilitating the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of graft rejection, and suggests therapeutic choices after transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhang Chen, Heng Xu, Yuan Li, Xi Zhang, Jikai Cui, Yanqiang Zou, Jizhang Yu, Jie Wu, Jiahong Xia
Summary: This study investigated the immune cell dynamics and local intercellular communication of acute cardiac allograft rejection using single-cell RNA sequencing. The results revealed the functional characteristics and differentiation trajectory of various alloreactive cell subpopulations, and suggested that the CXCR3 pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic target for transplant rejection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jan Novak, Tana Machackova, Jan Krejci, Julie Bienertova-Vasku, Ondrej Slaby
Summary: Congestive heart failure affects about 23 million people worldwide, and cardiac allograft transplantation is one of the last options for patients with terminal refractory heart failure. The prognosis of patients after heart transplantation is influenced by rejection and allograft vasculopathy, with monitoring requiring invasive and uncomfortable procedures. MiRNAs play a potential role in the pathophysiology of rejection and may be used in clinical practice for diagnosis and prediction of rejection occurrence.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yirong Wu, Siyao Zhan, Yizhou Xu, Xiangwei Gao
Summary: This review summarizes the regulatory roles and significance of several types of RNA modifications in cardiovascular diseases, as well as the interplay between RNA modifications and noncoding RNA, epigenetics. It also focuses on potential therapeutic strategies utilizing RNA modifications in treating CVDs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Yang, Jin Xu, Wei Wang, Bo Zhang, Xianjun Yu, Si Shi
Summary: Researchers have focused on the epigenetic control of DNA-templated processes for many years. Epigenetic modifications like histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, RNA modification, and noncoding RNAs play a crucial role in the development of cancers. Dysregulation of the epigenome leads to abnormal transcriptional programs, and targeting the dysregulated epigenetic modifications might be an effective strategy for cancer treatment. Additionally, epigenetics influences tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses, suggesting the potential of combining epigenetic therapy and cancer immunotherapy for better cancer treatment.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jenette Creaney, Ann-Marie Patch, Venkateswar Addala, Sophie A. Sneddon, Katia Nones, Ian M. Dick, Y. C. Gary Lee, Felicity Newell, Ebony J. Rouse, Marjan M. Naeini, Olga Kondrashova, Vanessa Lakis, Apostolos Nakas, David Waller, Annabel Sharkey, Pamela Mukhopadhyay, Stephen H. Kazakoff, Lambros T. Koufariotis, Aimee L. Davidson, Priya Ramarao-Milne, Oliver Holmes, Qinying Xu, Conrad Leonard, Scott Wood, Sean M. Grimmond, Raphael Bueno, Dean A. Fennell, John Pearson, Bruce W. Robinson, Nicola Waddell
Summary: This study analyzed the genomic and immune features of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) samples and identified driver genes, mutational signatures, and the tumor immune environment associated with MPM. The findings suggest that accounting for genomic and immune microenvironment status may influence future therapeutic planning.
Review
Immunology
Tiffany Shi, Krishna Roskin, Brian M. Baker, E. Steve Woodle, David Hildeman
Summary: Solid organ transplant recipients require long-term immunosuppression to prevent rejection. Limited knowledge exists on the effects of immunosuppressive regimens, such as CNI-based therapies, on immune cell populations in grafts. Novel genomics tools, including single cell sequencing techniques, offer insights into rejection processes at a single cell level.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Da-Hong Chen, Ji-Gang Zhang, Chuan-Xing Wu, Qin Li
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between non-coding RNA m6A modification and cancer progression from the perspective of various cancers, focusing on important mechanisms such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, tumor angiogenesis. Clinical applications are introduced to illustrate the broad research prospects of non-coding RNA m6A modification in cancer research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Sook Yuin Ho, Zeyu Zhu, Ivan Marazzi
Summary: Viruses have evolved unique strategies for gene expression by altering conventional gene-protein production line steps with dedicated viral enzymes or host factors. Targeting these unique enzymatic activities and host factors can expose vulnerabilities of a virus, providing a paradigm for novel antiviral therapies. Understanding the mechanisms of unconventional gene and protein expression in viruses could guide translational efforts aimed at viral eradication.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Liu, Yu Zhang, Shurong Zhou, Lauren Dain, Lei Mei, Guizhi Zhu
Summary: circRNA is a type of RNA with closed structure that has high pharmaceutical stability and can serve as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Synthetic circRNA shows potential applications as a novel class of mRNA therapeutics and vaccines.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Qiong Shi, Lin Liu, Jianru Chen, Weigang Zhang, Weinan Guo, Xiao Wang, Huina Wang, Sen Guo, Qiao Yue, Jingjing Ma, Yu Liu, Guannan Zhu, Tao Zhao, Jianhong Zhao, Ying Liu, Tianwen Gao, Chunying Li
Summary: This study conducted genomic research on acral melanoma in Asian populations, identifying mutated genes associated with the disease and analyzing its pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Additionally, it reconstructed the mutational processes of the samples and identified early mutational events. This study provides a foundation for the development of personalized strategies for treating acral melanoma in Asian populations.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yunhua Tang, Jiali Wang, Yixi Zhang, Jun Li, Maogen Chen, Yifang Gao, Meiqin Dai, Shengjie Lin, Xiaoshun He, Chenglin Wu, Xiaomin Shi
Summary: In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing technology was used to analyze graft-infiltrating cells in a mouse heart transplant model. The results identified different cell types and states associated with acute rejection, including specific macrophage and endothelial cell populations. The upregulation of Ubiquitin D in rejection was also validated as a potential biomarker for rejection in the clinic.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Xingjuan Shi, Xiaoou Sun
Summary: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in cardiocerebrovascular diseases by regulating gene expression and influencing disease progression. Studies have shown that abnormal expression of lncRNAs is closely related to the occurrence and progression of these diseases, making them potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuying Zhang, Jingyan Luo, Weikang Yang, Wen-Chu Ye
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly stable, conserved, and abundantly expressed in various organs and tissues. Abnormal circRNA expression has been found in CRC patients' blood/serum, cells, CRC tissues, and exosomes, and circRNAs play crucial roles in the development of CRC by acting as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding protein sponges, regulators of gene splicing and transcription, and protein/peptide translators. These characteristics make circRNAs potential markers for CRC diagnosis and prognosis, potential therapeutic targets, and circRNA-based therapies. However, further studies are needed to improve the understanding of the roles and biological mechanisms of circRNAs in CRC development.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Turgay Saritas, Rafael Kramann
Summary: Interstitial fibrosis with tubule atrophy (IF/TA) is a response to sustained kidney injury, correlating inversely with kidney function and allograft survival. This review focuses on key pathways in renal fibrosis progression, diagnosis, and therapy, with a particular emphasis on renal allografts. Current trends in using multiomic approaches to identify biomarkers for IF/TA detection and predict allograft survival are summarized.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rudolf A. de Boer, Stephane Heymans, Johannes Backs, Lucie Carrier, Andrew J. S. Coats, Stefanie Dimmeler, Thomas Eschenhagen, Gerasimos Filippatos, Lior Gepstein, Jean-Sebastien Hulot, Ralph Knoll, Christian Kupatt, Wolfgang A. Linke, Christine E. Seidman, C. Gabriele Tocchetti, Jolanda van der Velden, Roddy Walsh, Petar M. Seferovic, Thomas Thum
Summary: This article discusses the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and new medications and therapeutic approaches for genetic cardiomyopathies. With the use of contemporary research methods and tools, our understanding of cardiomyopathies has deepened, opening up new avenues for precision medicine.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Theresa A. McDonagh, Marco Metra, Marianna Adamo, Roy S. Gardner, Andreas Baumbach, Michael Boehm, Haran Burri, Javed Butler, Jelena Celutkien, Ovidiu Chioncel, John G. F. Cleland, Andrew J. S. Coats, Maria G. Crespo-Leiro, Dimitrios Farmakis, Martine Gilard, Stephane Heymans, Arno W. Hoes, Tiny Jaarsma, Ewa A. Jankowska, Mitja Lainscak, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Alexander R. Lyon, John J. McMurray, Alexandre Mebazaa, Richard Mindham, Claudio Muneretto, Massimo Francesco Piepoli, Susanna Price, Giuseppe M. C. Rosano, Frank Ruschitzka, Anne Kathrine Skibelund
Summary: All experts involved in the development of the guidelines have declared their interests, and the declarations have been compiled and published in a supplementary report. The report can be accessed on the ESC website. The supplementary data provide background information and detailed discussion of the data that form the basis for the guidelines.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Maarten Coemans, Geert Verbeke, Maarten Naesens
Summary: This study examines the diagnostic value of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney graft rejection by building a joint model that combines characteristics of transition models and shared parameter models. Applying the model to data from University Hospitals Leuven, the study concludes that a negative deviation from the mean eGFR slope increases the probability of rejection in indication biopsies, but using the eGFR profile alone has limited benefit for diagnosing rejection when considering biopsy history. Methodologically, the study fills a gap in the biomarker literature by relating a frequently measured continuous outcome with a less frequently measured binary indicator, and the developed joint transition model is versatile and applicable to other research settings.
STATISTICAL MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paolo Carai, Laura Florit Gonzalez, Stijn Van Bruggen, Valerie Spalart, Daria De Giorgio, Nadeche Geuens, Kimberly Martinod, Elizabeth Anne Vincent Jones, Stephane Heymans
Summary: The study investigates the contribution of neutrophils to the progression of viral myocarditis (VM) and found that inhibiting neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the acute phase of VM can reduce cardiac inflammation and improve the pathological phenotype.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paolo Carai, Anna Pia Papageorgiou, Sophie Van Linthout, Sophie Deckx, Sebastiaan Velthuis, Esther Lutgens, Erwin Wijnands, Carsten Tschoepe, Christina Schmuttermaier, Julia Kzhyshkowska, Elizabeth Anne Vincent Jones, Stephane Heymans
Summary: This study reveals the immune-suppressive role of stabilin-1 in limiting myocardial damage during viral myocarditis, by regulating the recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocytes to the site of inflammation.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abraham Shaked, Bao-Li Loza, Elisabet Van Loon, Kim M. Olthoff, Weihua Guan, Pamala A. Jacobson, Andrew Zhu, Claire E. Fishman, Hui Gao, William S. Oetting, Ajay K. Israni, Giuliano Testa, James Trotter, Goran Klintmalm, Maarten Naesens, Sumeet K. Asrani, Brendan J. Keating
Summary: T2D PRS can identify transplant candidates at high risk of PTDM, aiding in preemptive diabetes management and donor selection.
Article
Transplantation
Wilfried Gwinner, Annika Karch, Jan H. Braesen, Abedalrazag A. Khalifa, Jochen Metzger, Maarten Naesens, Elisabet van Loon, Dany Anglicheau, Pierre Marquet, Klemens Budde, Mareen Matz, Wolfgang Arns, Michael Fischereder, Antje Habicht, Ute Eisenberger, Anja Muehlfeld, Martin Busch, Michael Wiesener, Irina Scheffner, Armin Koch
Summary: This study validates the diagnostic capability of a urinary marker set for acute T cell-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the marker set are limited. The evaluation of biopsy results also shows interobserver variability. Optimization of the marker set improves its diagnostic performance.
TRANSPLANTATION DIRECT
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Sukhdeep S. Jatana, Hedi Zhao, Laurine M. Bow, Emanuele Cozzi, Ibrahim Batal, Tillie Horak, Alexandre Amar-Zifkin, Carrie Schinstock, Medhat Askar, Darshana M. Dadhania, Matthew Cooper, Maarten Naesens, Edward S. Kraus, Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
Summary: This study systematically assessed the definition and prognostic implications of HLA incompatibility in transplant outcomes, finding heterogeneity in the definition and incomplete reporting of variables. The risk of bias in studies examining the association between death-censored graft failure and HLA incompatibility was high. Therefore, optimizing HLA compatibility assessment and standardizing the reporting of variables are necessary for improving transplant outcomes and promoting international collaboration.
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sandhya Singh, Shakti Prakash, Shashi Kumar Gupta
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Anna Buxeda, Laura Llinas-Mallol, Javier Gimeno, Dolores Redondo-Pachon, Carlos Arias-Cabrales, Carla Burballa, Adrian Puche, Miguel Lopez-Botet, Jose Yelamos, Carlos Vilches, Maarten Naesens, Maria Jose Perez-Saez, Julio Pascual, Marta Crespo
Summary: Isolated microvascular inflammation (iMVI) is a rare phenotype that cannot be classified as antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in recent Banff classifications because it lacks HLA donor-specific antibodies or C4d deposition. In this study, we compared peripheral blood leukocyte distribution and inflammatory infiltrates in kidney transplant biopsies among ABMR, iMVI, and normal cases. We found that iMVI had fewer lymphocytes and peripheral T cells compared to ABMR and normal cases, but more NKG2A+ NK cells. iMVI also showed decreased plasma cell infiltration and increased cytotoxic T cell infiltration compared to ABMR.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Claire Tinel, Baptiste Lamarthee, Stephane Gazut, Elisabet Van Loon, Florent Von Tokarski, Aurelien Benon, Virginia Sauvaget, Victor Garcia-Paredes, Mickael Menager, Lise Morin, Laila Aouni, Nicolas Cagnard, Marion Rabant, Christophe Legendre, Fabiola Terzi, Marie Essig, Wilfried Gwinner, Maarten Naesens, Pierre Marquet, Dany Anglicheau
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of renal diseases, including kidney transplantation. In this study, the researchers investigated the changes in circulating microRNA expression and their involvement in antibody-mediated rejection. They found that certain microRNAs were significantly decreased in samples with rejection, and these microRNAs were associated with myeloid-related pathways and CD14+ monocytes.
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Angelica Pagliazzi, Elisabet Van Loon, Maarten Naesens
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
S. Jahanbakhsh, J. Howland, M. O. Ndayishimiye Uwineza, M. T. Thwaites, C. M. Pillar, A. W. Serio, D. M. Anastasiou, D. A. Hufnagel
Summary: Omadacycline demonstrated intracellular activity against M. abscessus, similar to tigecycline, but not against clarithromycin and amikacin.
JAC-ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Transplantation
Elisabet Van Loon, Claire Tinel, Jasper Callemeyn, Maarten Coemans, Amaryllis Van Craenenbroeck, Thibaut Vaulet, Dany Anglicheau, Maarten Naesens
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Transplantation
Marieke Vandecruys, Stefan De Smet, Veronique Cornelissen, Jeroen Raes, Sabina De Geest, Maarten Naesens, Sofie Leunis, Jasmine De Beir, Karsten Vanden Wyngaert, Evi Nagler, Griet Glorieux, Wim Van Biesen, Patrick Calders, Diethard Monbaliu, Amaryllis Van Craenenbroeck
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
