Article
Genetics & Heredity
Huajin Li, Wenting Xu, Sijia Xiang, Leiting Tao, Wen Fu, Jinhui Liu, Wenbin Liu, Yamei Xiao, Liangyue Peng
Summary: Pluripotency is a transient state in early embryos regulated by a network of pluripotency-related genes. This study identified four pluripotent genes in zebrafish and crucian carp and verified that three of them can be used as markers for pluripotency in induced pluripotent stem cells in fish.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiangtao Ren, Xuhua Zhang, Zhenhui Zhang, Jiafeng Pan, Zhexue Hao, Jin Li, Jun Liu
Summary: The complex and costly manufacturing process of CAR-T cell therapy has hindered its widespread adoption. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have potential as an alternative cellular immunotherapy due to their unlimited self-renewal potential and ability to differentiate into functional immune cells. Careful selection of the original cell for iPSC seed preparation is crucial due to the presence of epigenetic imprint. Our research shows that lymphocyte-origin cells are superior to embryonic stem cells in differentiating into functional immune cells. Blocking Fas-FasL induced apoptosis in T cells significantly improves iPSC generation without affecting their differentiation potential.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guanxu Ji, Xiaoxiao Xiao, Min Huang, Qiang Wu
Summary: Jmjd6 is a nuclear protein that plays a critical role in cell differentiation and embryo development. However, its function in mammalian ES cell identity and reprogramming has been unclear. This study demonstrates that depletion of Jmjd6 leads to downregulation of pluripotency genes and affects apoptosis, glycolysis, cell cycle, and protein hydroxylation. Additionally, Jmjd6 depletion reduces BrdU incorporation in cells. Overexpression of Jmjd6 enhances the reprogramming efficiency of MEFs, while depletion of Jmjd6 reduces the efficiency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junko Tomikawa, Christopher A. Penfold, Takuma Kamiya, Risa Hibino, Ayumi Kosaka, Masayuki Anzai, Kazuya Matsumoto, Kei Miyamoto
Summary: The study demonstrates that transferring somatic nuclei into mouse embryos arrested at G2/M phase can reprogram the cells towards an embryonic state, inducing genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming within a day. This system also enables transcriptional reprogramming of cells from extinct Oryx dammah, showcasing the capability of inducing intra- and cross-species reprogramming in arrested mouse embryos.
Review
Cell Biology
Alexander J. Sercel, Natasha M. Carlson, Alexander N. Patananan, Michael A. Teitell
Summary: Mammalian cells, except erythrocytes, have mitochondria which provide energy and sustain cell viability. Mitochondria contain multiple copies of mtDNA with rarely identical individual sequences due to inherited or sporadic mutations leading to heteroplasmy.
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Daniela Cordeiro, Jorge Canhoto, Sandra Correia
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of various non-coding RNAs in plant regeneration processes, with a focus on cell fate reprogramming. The involvement and impact of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in the regulatory networks of cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and differentiation are also analyzed. A deeper understanding of plant ncRNAs will allow for better modulation of in vitro regeneration processes.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Knyazer, Gabriela Bunu, Dmitri Toren, Teodora Bucaciuc Mracica, Yael Segev, Marina Wolfson, Khachik K. Muradian, Robi Tacutu, Vadim E. Fraifeld
Summary: This study systematically analyzed Small Molecules (SMs) and their potential gene targets, revealing that SM targets fall into three major functional categories: epigenetics, cell signaling, and metabolic switchers. Many enriched pathways of SM targets are related to aging, longevity, and age-related diseases, connecting them with cell reprogramming. The network analysis suggests that SM targets are highly interconnected and form protein-protein networks of a scale-free topology, indicating the importance of cooperative action and network organization in cell reprogramming.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eira Karvonen, Kai J. E. Krohn, Annamari Ranki, Annika Hau
Summary: APECED is a severe and incurable autoimmune disease that can be treated with stem cell therapy. The study shows that patient-derived iPSCs have stem cell properties and can be used for gene correction, confirming their pluripotency and potential therapeutic use.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Cuicui Hou, Zhikai Ye, Songqin Yang, Zhenlong Jiang, Jin Wang, Erkang Wang
Summary: This study reveals the important role of Kdm1b in somatic cell reprogramming. By influencing the epigenetic modifications of histones and promoting cell proliferation, reprogramming metabolism, and inhibiting cell apoptosis, Kdm1b enhances the efficiency of cell reprogramming.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jing Peng, Wen Jie Zhang, Qi Zhang, Ying Hua Su, Li Ping Tang
Summary: Somatic cell reprogramming is the process of converting differentiated somatic cells into totipotent or pluripotent cells. Recent studies in plants or mammals have revealed the molecular mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications regulate the expression of totipotency or pluripotency genes by altering their chromatin states. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the dynamic changes in epigenetic modifications and chromatin states during somatic cell reprogramming, as well as the potential role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling in this process.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cell Biology
Jakob V. Kanne, Masaki Ishikawa, Simon Bressendorff, Jeppe Ansbol, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Eleazar Rodriguez, Morten Petersen
Summary: Animal and plant somatic cells have the ability to switch states or reprogram into stem cells to adapt to stress and injury, a process that requires macroautophagy/autophagy. Overexpression of ATG8/LC3 in the moss Physcomitrium patens enhances the ability of somatic cells to reprogram into stem cells when subjected to severe wounding, indicating that autophagy not only facilitates cell dedifferentiation but also increases their competence to do so.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ila Tewari Jasra, Nerea Cuesta-Gomez, Kevin Verhoeff, Braulio A. Marfil-Garza, Nidheesh Dadheech, A. M. James Shapiro
Summary: This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of mitochondria in somatic cell reprogramming to iPSCs and the metabolic shift associated with directed differentiation into pancreatic beta-like cells.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Glenn J. Markov, Thach Mai, Surag Nair, Anna Shcherbina, Yu Xin Wang, David M. Burns, Anshul Kundaje, Helen M. Blau
Summary: The AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun plays a critical role in human somatic cell reprogramming by enhancing enhancer accessibility in fibroblasts and repressing OCT4 expression. Through epigenome remodeling, successful reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells was achieved.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Agnes Futterer, Amaia Talavera-Gutierrez, Tirso Pons, Jesus de Celis, Julio Gutierrez, Veronica Dominguez Plaza, Carlos Martinez-A
Summary: The truncation of the DIDO gene affects RNA splicing and transcription termination in ESC and MEF, altering gene expression involved in differentiation and reprogramming. DIDO3 interacts with the helicase DHX9, leading to increased nuclear R-loop content and DNA replication stress. These defects result in failure of ESC differentiation and MEF reprogramming.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kiichiro Tomoda, Haiming Hu, Yoshiki Sahara, Hashimita Sanyal, Minoru Takasato, Cody Kime
Summary: A new wave of synthetic embryo systems has been established from cultured cells for efficient and ethical embryonic development research, generating numerous blastocyst-like hemispheres with features of pluripotent and extraembryonic cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed induction of multiple cell populations resembling pluripotent epiblast, primitive endoderm, and trophectoderm, enriching specific gene-regulatory networks and zygotic genome activation-related genes. This analysis confirms the induction of extraembryonic cell populations during epiblast stem cell reprogramming, with potential to uncover new facets of cell potency and advance biomedicine.
