Article
Neurosciences
Niv Tik, Abigail Livny, Shachar Gal, Karny Gigi, Galia Tsarfaty, Mark Weiser, Ido Tavor
Summary: This study using fMRI showed a strong connection between abnormal brain activity and connectivity in schizophrenia patients. Through machine-learning, accurate predictions of task-evoked brain activation in these patients were made using measures extracted from healthy controls. These findings offer novel insights into the relationship between brain connectivity and activity in schizophrenia.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Fan Yang, Huan Ma, Jing Yuan, Yujun Wei, Li Xu, Yan Zhang, Chuanyuan Kang, Jianzhong Yang
Summary: The study identified significant differences in cognitive function, ReHo patterns in the cerebrum and cerebellum between chronic schizophrenia patients and normal controls. However, these changes in regional activity did not show significant correlations with clinical symptoms.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tingting Ji, Xiaodan Li, Jun Chen, Xuemin Ren, Lin Mei, Yue Qiu, Jie Zhang, Shengcai Wang, Zhifei Xu, Hongbin Li, Zheng Li, Yun Peng, Yue Liu, Xin Ni, Jun Tai, Jiangang Liu
Summary: Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit abnormal neural activities in specific brain regions and impaired cognitive functions, with the former possibly being the neural mechanism of the latter.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer A. Poon, James C. Thompson, Tara M. Chaplin
Summary: This fMRI study investigates the longitudinal mediation effects of young adolescents' emotion regulation abilities on the relationship between their task-based limbic-prefrontal functional connectivity values and subsequent levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Results suggest that emotion regulation difficulties predict higher levels of psychological symptoms, indicating that emotion regulation may serve as a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuxin Chen, Xiuzhen Li, Lubin Wang, Shushi Tian, Yuanwang Chen, Feng Wang, Kesheng Gu, Ying Wang, Guangkai Xu, Shangrong Zhang, Jie Liu, Haipeng Wang, Zongxin Jia, Liqing Li, Xiaohui Wang, Fang Xie, Xue Wang, Shida Wang, Cong Xue, Yun Zhao, Lingjia Qian
Summary: The study found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve cognitive function in patients with stress-related depression. This therapy may work by influencing multiple visual-related brain regions and their functional connections, as well as the somatosensory cortex and its connections with the visual and auditory cortex, decreasing the level of certain substances and stabilizing the level of others.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Chencai Wang, Kathleen Van Dyk, Nicholas Cho, Catalina Raymond, Justin Choi, Noriko Salamon, Whitney B. Pope, Albert Lai, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Phioanh L. Nghiemphu, Benjamin M. Ellingson
Summary: The study investigated functional connectivity alterations in survivors of gliomas related to cognitive function, revealing stronger brain connectivity in cognitively non-impaired patients and an association between worse self-reported cognitive impairment and decreased daily functioning with increased brain connectivity.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Tim D. van Balkom, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Henk W. Berendse, Ysbrand D. van der Werf, Chris Vriend
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cognitive training on brain network connectivity and topology in Parkinson's disease. The results showed that eight weeks of computerized cognitive training did not have significant effects on the overall brain network, but there were localized connectivity changes in key regions involved in cognitive function.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hea Ree Park, Jungho Cha, Eun Yeon Joo, Hosung Kim
Summary: This study investigates the functional network changes in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The findings suggest that OSA primarily affects the cerebrocerebellar pathway and disrupts the connectivity between different functional networks. The abnormal network functions, particularly in the default mode network (DMN), are suggested to be involved in the cognitive decline associated with OSA.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Krystal M. Kirby, Sreekrishna Pillai, Robert M. Brouillette, Jeffrey N. Keller, Alyssa N. De Vito, John P. Bernstein, Arend W. A. Van Gemmert, Owen T. Carmichael
Summary: This study found that brain functioning, motor task, and cognitive task performance in challenging dual-task conditions all contribute to the risk of falling among older adults. Multiple factors are involved in determining fall characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Faezeh Vedaei, Mahdi Alizadeh, Victor Romo, Feroze B. Mohamed, Chengyuan Wu
Summary: This study investigates the test-retest reliability of rs-fMRI in neuroscience, showing that reliability of measurements is higher under anesthesia and increases with longer scan lengths.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Liandong Lin, Da Chang, Donghui Song, Yiran Li, Ze Wang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between brain entropy during resting state and brain activations and deactivations during task performance. The results show that lower brain entropy at rest is associated with stronger activations and deactivations in brain regions engaged by the tasks. Higher workload leads to more extensive negative correlations between resting brain entropy and task activations. These findings suggest that resting brain activity can predict task-related brain activity and may facilitate both task activations and deactivations.
Review
Biology
Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Richard N. A. Henson, James B. Rowe
Summary: Accurate identification of brain function is necessary for understanding cognitive ageing, and fMRI is a common tool used for this purpose. However, studies on vascular ageing factors are limited, and current approaches focus on dissociating neuronal and vascular components of BOLD-fMRI. Emerging evidence suggests that vascular mechanisms in the brain have complex interactions that influence neuronal function.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicolas Guerithault, Samuel M. McClure, Chinedum O. Ojinnaka, B. Blair Braden, Meg Bruening
Summary: In this study, fMRI was used to investigate the differences in functional connectivity across cognitive networks at rest among college students with different levels of food security. The results suggest that food insecurity is associated with poorer executive function and altered functional connectivity in specific brain regions, which may contribute to executive function difficulties in college students.
Article
Neuroimaging
Benjamin L. Brett, Andrew M. Bryant, Lezlie Y. Espana, Andrew R. Mayer, Timothy B. Meier
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that younger athletes with greater concussion history are more likely to experience subjective cognitive symptoms but not perform worse on objective cognitive testing. Biological correlates of elevated cognitive symptoms in athletes with concussion history need further investigation.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Claire Deshayes, Veronique Paban, Marie-Helene Ferrer, Beatrice Alescio-Lautier, Caroline Chambon
Summary: Through studying cognitive function and brain resting functional connectivity, this research explored the definition of creative potential. The analysis showed distinct differences in cognitive function and brain connectivity between groups with high and low creative potential.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)