Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Candice Chen, YoonKyung Chung, Geoffrey Broadbent, Elizabeth Mertz
Summary: Medicare provides substantial funding support for dental and podiatry GME, with a significant increase in the number of supported residents and Medicare payments from 1998 to 2018. However, there are wide variations in Medicare GME payments among states, territories, and the District of Columbia.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Angela Martinez-Strengel, Lilanthi Balasuriya, Aba Black, David Berg, Inginia Genao, Cary P. Gross, Danya Keene, Darin Latimore, Sylk Sotto-Santiago, Dowin Boatright
Summary: The study found that many internal medicine program directors and associate program directors lack understanding of the new diversity standard and express concerns about its scope and institutional commitment. Efforts for diversity and inclusion are mainly focused on recruitment strategies, while structured implementation through education, guidance, and financial allocation can help address concerns and meet the new ACGME diversity standard effectively.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Melody A. Rasouli, Francesca Barrett, Morgan S. Levy, Ashley S. Kim, Maya Roytman, Nicole Cumbo, Hina Talib, Erica C. Kaye
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the availability of fertility benefits for residents and fellows in US medical schools. The study found that only 40% of the top 50 medical schools mentioned fertility benefits on their websites, and some websites had no information at all. Covered fertility benefits included diagnostic workup, intrauterine insemination, prescription coverage, and in vitro fertilization. No information on third party reproduction or LGBT family building was available on public websites.
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Saurav Das, Nathan Farkas, Michael Binkley, Jonathan Williams, Ima M. Ebong, Ozan Akca, Andria Ford, Renee Van Stavern, Allyson Zazulia
Summary: This study aims to explore the trends in racial and ethnic diversity among neurology residents and vascular neurology fellows, and propose improvement plans. The study found that there was no significant change in racial/ethnic representation among all neurology residents and subspecialty fellows during the study period. However, there was a significant decrease in underrepresented in medicine representation among vascular neurology fellows.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christopher L. Bennett, Maame Yaa A. B. Yiadom, Olesya Baker, Regan H. Marsh
Summary: The study found that the diversity of the US physician workforce has not improved significantly over the years, with only a few specialties showing statistically significant increases in representation of Black and Hispanic trainees. It could take decades for these specialties to reach levels of representation comparable to that of the US population, indicating that current efforts to promote diversity in the physician workforce are insufficient.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Lucas S. Salgado, Leticia N. Campos, Angela T. Z. Yabrude, Alexandra M. Buda, Vivian F. Amaral, Lucas L. P. A. Ribeiro, Felipe S. Barbosa, Rodrigo C. S. Pimentel, Asher Mishaly, Joao B. Neto, Aristocles H. Bezerra, Nivaldo Alonso
Summary: Only around one-fifth of Brazilian medical students are aware of global surgery, with a preference for gaining knowledge through social media and webinars. Extracurricular classes and internships are the most preferred options for students to familiarize themselves with the field, highlighting the importance of national opportunities and adequate training as potential obstacles to pursuing a career in global surgery.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Paul Jung, Boris D. Lushniak
Summary: Financing US preventive medicine residency programs is challenging due to their unique nature, but there are diverse federal funding sources available to support and strengthen the specialty.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alison R. Althans, Tamara Byrd, Rachel Suppok, Kenneth K. Lee, Matthew R. Rosengart, Sara P. Myers
Summary: This study proposes a systematic review to summarize the impact of holistic review on diversification in graduate medical education in the USA. The study plans to search and include studies that describe the implementation of holistic review and compare the proportions of under-represented minorities and women before and after implementation. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Article
Oncology
Natalie Kruger, Melanie L. Plinsinga, Rhian Noble-Jones, Neil Piller, Vaughan Keeley, Sandra C. Hayes
Summary: This study aimed to assess the understanding of Australian medical graduates regarding the lymphatic system and lymphoedema. Findings indicated a perceived lack of understanding of these topics among graduates and insufficient coverage in medical curricula.
Article
Surgery
Zachary S. Meade, Helen W. Li, Hannah Allison, Manisha B. Bhatia, Tasha Sparks Joplin, Chad Simon, Louis Darkwa, Connie Keung, Alexandria D. McDow
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate medical students' perceptions of rural surgery and health care and elucidate influential factors for future practice. The survey results showed that students are aware of the lack of rural surgeons and health care providers, but there remains an educational deficit. Expanding exposure to rural health care and surgery while in medical school may increase the number of students interested in pursuing a career in a rural setting, potentially shrinking the rural workforce gap.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Radoslav Zinoviev, Harlan M. Krumholz, Kevin Pirruccio, Howard Forman
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between graduate medical education (GME) funding and hospital financial standing, but a positive correlation with patient outcomes and resident academic performance. This indicates that GME funding does not necessarily improve hospital finances, but is associated with better patient outcomes and resident academic performance.
Article
Surgery
Qi Yan, Rebecca N. Treffalls, Taoran Li, Sanaa Prasla, Mark G. Davies
Summary: Trainees in difficulty are less likely to be board certified, with no significant difference in attrition rate. Future studies should utilize standardized criteria and improve outcome reporting to better guide remediation practices.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Health Policy & Services
Asiana Elma, Muhammadhasan Nasser, Laurie Yang, Irene Chang, Dorothy Bakker, Lawrence Grierson
Summary: Physician maldistribution is a global issue that hinders patient access to healthcare services. Medical education can play a key role in influencing physicians to practice in underserved areas. Various educational interventions such as preferential admissions criteria, rural experiences during undergraduate and postgraduate medical training, and financial incentives can impact physician practice location.
HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Anesthesiology
J. Critchley, M. Schwarz, R. Baruah
Summary: In the UK, the proportion of female medical students has remained stable, but only 36.6% of doctors at consultant level are women. This article discusses issues affecting female medical workforce, including gender stereotypes and implicit gender bias.
Article
Surgery
Aashish Rajesh, Malke Asaad, Yazan N. AlJamal, Rafael U. Azevedo, John M. Stulak, Stephanie F. Heller, Mariela Rivera, David R. Farley
Summary: The study found that there were minor differences in performance between international medical graduates (IMGs) and American medical graduates (AMGs) during their general surgery internship, despite variations in exam scores. At the end of the internship, both groups of residents showed similar overall performance and technical skills.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Bianca K. Frogner, Erin P. Fraher, Joanne Spetz, Patricia Pittman, Jean Moore, Angela J. Beck, David Armstrong, Peter I. Buerhaus
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Brad Wright, Erin Fraher, Marni Gwyther Holder, Jill Akiyama, Brian Toomey
JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Erin P. Fraher, Patricia Pittman, Bianca K. Frogner, Joanne Spetz, Jean Moore, Angela J. Beck, David Armstrong, Peter I. Buerhaus
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Primary Health Care
Erin P. Fraher
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Surgery
Adam Lantz, Hampus Holmer, Samuel R. G. Finlayson, Thomas C. Ricketts, David A. Watters, Russell L. Gruen, Walter D. Johnson, Lars Hagander
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Erin P. Fraher, Allison Cummings, Dana Neutze
Summary: The study found that there is no role confusion between medical assistants (MAs) and family physicians, and physicians are not resistant to delegating tasks to properly trained MAs. While there are some gaps, particularly in areas like patient education, coaching, and documentation, the potential for MA role transformation appears to be narrowing in implementation.
MEDICAL CARE RESEARCH AND REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Erin P. Fraher
Summary: The general surgery workforce in North Carolina is slowly diversifying, with the most significant gains seen among female surgeons. However, the growth in the Black surgeon workforce has stagnated in the last 15 years. Research shows that nearly half of North Carolina's Black physicians are approaching retirement age, highlighting the need to address underrepresentation in the field.
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Emily M. Hawes, Mark Holmes, Erin P. Fraher, Alyssa Zamierowski, Judith Pauwels, Louis A. Sanner, Jacob Rains, Cristen P. Page
Summary: Evidence shows that rural residents have consistently worse health outcomes compared to urban and suburban residents. Increasing the physician supply in rural areas through graduate medical education (GME) training is a proven strategy to address this disparity. However, inadequate federal funding for rural GME has hindered the development of training programs in rural hospitals. The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 aims to address the disparities in Medicare funding for rural GME by providing funding for an increase in rural GME positions, expansion of rural training opportunities, and relief for hospitals with low resident payments and/or caps. These policy changes present new opportunities for rural hospitals and partnering urban medical centers to strengthen rural GME training and improve the physician workforce in underserved communities.
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Erin P. Fraher, Brianna Lombardi, Barbara Brandt, Emily Hawes
Summary: Health disparities between rural and urban areas are increasing, and urban health care systems are acquiring rural hospitals. New payment models are incentivizing health care systems to manage social risk factors. Academic health centers have the opportunity to develop interprofessional practice and training in rural areas and evaluate the outcomes of team-based care models.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Erin Fraher, Cristen P. P. Page, Emily M. M. Hawes, Evan Galloway, Shweta Pathak, Lauren Tomola, George M. M. Holmes
Summary: The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of Rural Residency Planning and Development (RRPD) Programs, compare the characteristics of counties with and without RRPD programs, and identify rural places where future RRPD programs could be developed. The study found that RRPD programs are often affiliated with family medicine programs and medical schools, and RRPD counties have larger populations, higher population densities, and a higher percentage of non-White or Hispanic populations compared to non-RRPD counties. These findings can be used to address health disparities and workforce maldistribution.
JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Alberta K. Tran, George J. Knafl, Marianne Baernholdt, Erin P. Fraher, Cheryl B. Jones
Summary: This study analyzes state licensure data to explore the transitions of critical care nurses into non-critical care areas. The findings reveal that more than 75% of nurses left critical care within 5 years, with a significant number transitioning into emergency, peri-operative, and cardiology areas. The study also identifies that nurses in recession years are less likely to make transitions, while female nurses and those with higher degrees are more likely to do so.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Buerhaus, Erin Fraher, Bianca Frogner, Melinda Buntin, Monica O'Reilly-Jacob, Sean Clarke
Summary: The Covid-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the demands and appeal of nursing careers. How can we address these issues?
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gary L. Beck Dallaghan, Julie C. Spero, Julie S. Byerley, Lisa Rahangdale, Erin P. Fraher, Beat Steiner
Summary: The study investigated the recruitment efforts of the UNC School of Medicine to attract rural students and found that increasing just 14 rural applicants annually would align the proportion of rural applicants with the potential applicant pool in rural NC counties. This model of analysis can be applied to other pipeline programs to assess the success of recruitment efforts.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisa de Saxe Zerden, Brianna M. Lombardi, Erica L. Richman, Erin P. Fraher, Kimberly Ann Shoenbill
Summary: This study aimed to identify behavioral health and social care components in integrated care using EHR documentation and develop a lexicon for future research. Challenges included inconsistencies in identifying interventions from EHR notes, but the study found that EHR was crucial for team collaboration and information sharing.
FAMILIES SYSTEMS & HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas C. Ricketts, Deborah S. Porterfield, Randall L. Miller, Erin P. Fraher
Summary: The study reveals that the number of preventive medicine physicians in the US has increased over the years, but the number of self-designated preventive medicine physicians has been decreasing. There has been a recent increase in the proportion of women in the specialty and the average age of preventive medicine physicians is on the rise, while their practice locations do not align with population needs.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
(2021)