Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Guram Kartvelishvili, Justin Khoury, Anushrut Sharma
Summary: A dynamical selection mechanism based on search optimization was proposed for vacua in the context of false-vacuum eternal inflation on the landscape, shedding light on the nature of the dynamical phase transition at the Page lifetime. The research revealed that optimal regions of the landscape are most susceptible to volume influx from their environing landscape, and oscillators at critical Page lifetime exhibit displacement fluctuations with a specific 1/f power spectrum.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Biographical-Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frank Wilczek
Summary: This is a theoretical physicist who won the Nobel prize for his electroweak theory.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Phillip Helbig
Summary: The Multiverse is a controversial topic in cosmology. Some consider it unscientific while others see it as a natural extension of previous science. The idea that the Multiverse follows from other theories is also debated, as these theories themselves may be seen as too speculative. Misunderstandings about the role of probability distributions in interpreting conclusions based on the Multiverse, particularly in relation to the Anthropic Principle, contribute to the disagreements. The Multiverse may be an important component for interpreting cosmological and physical parameters.
FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dario Gordillo, Janir Ramos da Cruz, Eka Chkonia, Wei-Hsiang Lin, Ophelie Favrod, Andreas Brand, Patricia Figueiredo, Maya Roinishvili, Michael H. Herzog
Summary: Research on schizophrenia focuses on established paradigms that show clear differences between patients and controls. This study analyzed the EEG data of 121 schizophrenia patients and 75 controls, extracting 194 EEG features using multiple signal processing methods. Interestingly, only 69 out of the 194 features showed significant differences between patients and controls, suggesting the detection of an important aspect of schizophrenia. Surprisingly, there were very low correlations between these features.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Davide Giampiccolo, Hugues Duffau
Summary: The arcuate fasciculus, a white matter pathway in the dorsal fronto-temporal region, has been traditionally believed to link frontal language production regions with auditory perception in the temporal lobe. However, recent research findings indicate that the projections of the arcuate fasciculus may not be unique to the temporal lobe and that it may also play a role in other regions involved in language processing.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Hong Wang, Xinyu Li, Jin Wang
Summary: This study proposes a new scenario of nonequilibrium multiverse and quantifies the potential landscape and flux landscape. It explores the breaking of detailed balance in the populations of the multiverse and how the irreversibility and time arrow of the multiverse originate from the average flux and flux landscape. The evolution dynamics of the multiverse is determined by both the potential landscape attracting the multiverse to steady state basins and the flux landscape providing cycles or loops linking certain universes together.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Christian Gross, Giacomo Landini, Alessandro Strumia, Daniele Teresi
Summary: First order phase transitions can create relic pockets of false vacua and their particles, which can manifest as macroscopic Dark Matter. This can be predicted by a model involving a gauge theory with dark quarks as relics. During the transition, these dark quarks remain in the false vacuum and form Fermi balls, which can collapse into stable dark dwarfs or primordial black holes.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuri Shur, Daniel Fortier, M. Torre Jorgenson, Mikhail Kanevskiy, Lutz Schirrmeister, Jens Strauss, Alexander Vasiliev, Melissa Ward Jones
Summary: Yedoma, a massive ice formation found in the Arctic region, has been the subject of debate for over 150 years. Initially believed to be floodplain deposits, it was later discovered to have a polygenetic origin.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Frederick Toates
Summary: This article presents an integrative model of sexual addiction, combining incentive motivation theory and the dual organization of behavior control. The model is related to discussions on the validity of applying the concept of addiction to sexual behavior and shows strong similarities to classical addiction to hard drugs.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Frederick Toates
Summary: This article presents an integrative model of sexual addiction based on incentive motivation theory and the dual organization of behavior control, strongly supporting the application of an addiction model to sexual behavior due to strong similarities with addiction to hard drugs. Other candidates for explaining the phenomena do not fit the evidence, and dopamine plays a central role in the model, which also shows relevance to various factors such as stress, abuse, development, and so on.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Mariano-Florentino Cuellar, Matthew C. Stephenson
Summary: Systemic corruption in developing countries appears difficult to solve, but the history of countries with high public integrity suggests that a transition from pervasive corruption is possible. The experience of the United States challenges common views on anticorruption efforts in developing countries, showing that a shift away from systemic corruption can be incremental and slow, and that reducing corruption does not necessarily require shrinking the state. The U.S. history also reveals the importance of both direct strategies like law enforcement and indirect strategies like institutional reforms in fighting corruption.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nemanja Kaloper
Summary: The article discusses the possibility of using third-derivative general relativity to solve the cosmological constant problem, introducing concepts such as 4-form field strengths, charged membranes, etc., forming a new explanatory mechanism.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cristian Statescu, Alexandra Clement, Ionela-Lacramioara Serban, Radu Sascau
Summary: Research has focused on modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, with alcohol intake having a biphasic impact, where low to moderate consumption may decrease adverse events, but excessive intake is harmful.
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
James Read, Baptiste Le Bihan
Summary: String theory, as a candidate theory of quantum gravity, has faced fluctuations in popularity over the past four decades, with the landscape problem being a current source of skepticism. The idea of a multiverse has been proposed to address this issue, leading to questions regarding the testability and predictability of string theory. While the landscape problem may not necessarily imply the existence of a multiverse, it is scientifically legitimate and could be integrated with string theory for other empirical reasons.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Yang Liu, Alex Kale, Tim Althoff, Jeffrey Heer
Summary: Multiverse analysis is an approach to data analysis that evaluates all reasonable analytic decisions in parallel, aiming to enhance robustness and transparency. Baba is an integrated DSL and visual analysis system designed to assist analysts in managing various variants in the multiverse and rapidly assessing decision-making and robustness.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2021)
