Article
Orthopedics
Elspeth Hart, Amy Whited, Donald S. Bae, Andrea S. Bauer, Dai Sugimoto
Summary: This study investigated the effect of wrist guards/supports on the wrist joint for gymnasts. The results showed that the use of certain wrist guards/supports increased wrist joint moment, while no guards/supports led to an increase in wrist joint angles and range of motion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public Administration
Carolyn Abott, Akheil Singla
Summary: Bankruptcy can offer a fresh financial start for extremely stressed local governments, with no significant declines and some improvements in financial health observed in the study. This suggests that Chapter 9 bankruptcy may provide a potential path forward for local governments in fiscal distress.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Business
Maren Becker, Maarten J. Gijsenberg
Summary: Scholars and practitioners argue that strong brands are built on consistent and unique positioning, but there is limited empirical evidence supporting this claim, especially in terms of advertising content. This study examines the impact of advertising content consistency and commonality on brands' sales using data from 247 television ads from 33 brands in six consumer packaged goods categories over four years. The results show that both consistency and commonality in advertising content have a significant effect on sales, particularly for long-term cumulative sales. However, the direction of the effects differs among brands, with small brands benefiting from increased consistency and commonality, while large brands suffer from increased consistency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MARKETING
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Sherin Shaaban, Yuan Ji
Summary: Pharmacogenomics has been a leader in precision medicine, aiming to improve health outcomes for individuals and populations. It is crucial to carefully examine existing health disparities in relation to precision medicine in order to ensure successful and equitable implementation.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaona Bao, Wenfei Gao, Yifei Shen, Zhenduo Zhang, Xiaojing Shao
Summary: This paper examines the relationship between helping behavior and task performance using the cognitive-affective personality system theory. The findings show that helping behavior is negatively associated with task performance, and this relationship is mediated by cognitive irritation and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, the level of team communal goal striving moderates the indirect influence of helping behavior on task performance.
Article
Economics
Ling Li
Summary: This study examines the impact of workplace inspections on workplace safety and service quality in nursing facilities. The findings reveal that inspections led to a reduction in nurse injuries, but had a negative effect on healthcare quality. The results suggest that there may be a trade-off between improving workplace safety and maintaining service quality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
International Relations
Tricia Bacon, Grace Ellis, Daniel Milton
Summary: This study explores the impact of foreign fighters on militant group behavior, finding that their presence is positively related to group longevity, use of suicide operations, and the geographic spread of operations.
JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael E. E. Herbig, Dirk-Heinrich Evers, Sascha Gorissen, Melanie Koellmer
Summary: Specific aspects of semi-solid dosage forms for topical application include overcoming barriers, instability concerns, and sensory perception. Advances in understanding skin penetration and formulation design principles provide a foundation for rational design. This review analyzes the opportunities and constraints of rational formulation design approaches in developing topical drugs. Models for drug selection and the influence of skin penetration on formulation design are discussed. Rheological approaches and analytical methods for chemical stability characterization are explored. A combination of scientific understanding and regulatory compliance enables successful development of semi-solid formulations for topical application.
Article
Education & Educational Research
NaYoung Hwang, Cory Koedel
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of grade retention on students' academic, attendance, and disciplinary outcomes in Indiana. Using a regression discontinuity design, it is found that third-grade retention significantly improves achievement in English Language Arts (ELA) and math, and these effects persist into middle school. There is no evidence of grade retention effects on student attendance or disciplinary incidents, even into middle school.
EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Hany Zayed
Summary: This article examines the issue of academic cheating in Egyptian secondary education, showing the unprecedented scale and speed of digital technologies in facilitating cheating. Through longitudinal interviews and social media research, it observes the emergence of digital collective cheating and how it serves as a form of resistance to unfair conditions and state-led digitalization. The Egyptian case highlights the dangers of unbridled technological utopianism and serves as a cautionary tale for education.
LEARNING MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Communication
Lanier F. Holt, Morgan E. Ellithorpe, David R. Ewoldsen, John Velez
Summary: Two studies examined how media messages influence attitudes toward Black people in the U.S. The studies found that the belief in bounded generalized reciprocity plays a role in the relationship between television use and attitudes.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Irene Garcia-Fernandez-Bravo, Ana Torres-Do-Rego, Antonio Lopez-Farre, Francisco Galeano-Valle, Pablo Demelo-Rodriguez, Luis A. Alvarez-Sala-Walther
Summary: Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy, but LDL-C control is suboptimal in real life. Enhancing adherence to guideline recommendations through shared decision-making can improve treatment outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Xin Lucy Liu, Jackson G. Lu, Hongyu Zhang, Yahua Cai
Summary: This study integrates paradox theory with work-life boundary theory to explore how employees' unethical proorganizational behavior increases work-to-life conflict. The morally paradoxical nature of UPB triggers emotional ambivalence, leading to anxiety and ultimately exacerbating work-to-life conflict. Research demonstrates that unethical behavior intended to benefit the organization may paradoxically harm employees themselves.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Christopher J. Ferguson
Summary: The American Psychological Association's (APA) Practice Guidelines for Men and Boys, introduced in 2018, aimed to provide helpful guidance for practitioners working with male patients. However, the guidelines quickly became controversial as concerns were raised that they were disparaging towards men and boys with traditional values and imposed progressive or feminist ideals rather than focusing on clinical wellness and empathy. This review finds that many of the critiques are likely valid, as the guidelines failed to acknowledge evidence for biological influences on gender and unintentionally belittled traditional men and families. It is concluded that these guidelines may dissuade traditional men and families from seeking counseling, potentially doing more harm than good.
NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jian Hao, Xu Du
Summary: Based on Eisenberg et al.'s model of prosocial motivations, the study examined what motivates preschoolers to display instrumental helping and how these motivations develop during the preschool years. The results show that both altruistic and egoistic motivations can motivate preschoolers to help others. Most of the motivations develop steadily during the preschool years, but empathic concern as an altruistic motivation increases significantly by age 5.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaoyuan Zhou, Sneha Singh, Ryan Baumann, Patrick Barba, James Landefeld, Patrizia Casaccia, Ilana Katz Sand, Zongqi Xia, Howard Weiner, Tanuja Chitnis, Siddharthan Chandran, Peter Connick, David Otaegui, Tamara Castillo-Trivino, Stacy J. Caillier, Adam Santaniello, Gail Ackermann, Greg Humphrey, Laura Negrotto, Mauricio Farez, Reinhard Hohlfeld, Anne-Katrin Probstel, Xiaoming Jia, Jennifer Graves, Amit Bar-or, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Jeffery Gelfand, Michael R. Wilson, Elizabeth Crabtree, Scott S. Zamvil, Jorge Correale, Bruce A. C. Cree, Stephen L. Hauser, Rob Knight, Sergio E. Baranzini
Summary: This study found that the intra-individual variance observed by different collection strategies was dramatically lower than inter-individual variance, and shallow shotgun sequencing highly correlated with 16S sequencing. Participant house and recruitment site were the two largest sources of microbial variance, while higher microbial similarity was observed in household-matched participants.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Christian Cordano, Hao H. Yiu, Frederike C. Oertel, San Francisco, Jeffrey M. Gelfand, Stephen L. Hauser, Bruce A. C. Cree, Ari J. Green
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valerie J. Block, Erica A. Pitsch, Arpita Gopal, Chao Zhao, Mark J. Pletcher, Gregory M. Marcus, Jeffrey E. Olgin, Jill Hollenbach, Riley Bove, Bruce A. C. Cree, Jeffrey M. Gelfand
Summary: Falling is common in people with MS, but tends to be under-ascertained and under-treated. Those who fall tend to have greater disability, are more likely to have progressive MS, and take fewer steps on average. Multimodal fall screening may help identify those at greatest risk and improve patient care.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hans-Peter Hartung, Tobias Derfuss, Bruce A. C. Cree, Maria Pia Sormani, Krzysztof Selmaj, Jonathan Stutters, Ferran Prados, David MacManus, Hans-Martin Schneble, Estelle Lambert, Herve Porchet, Robert Glanzman, David Warne, Francois Curtin, Gabrielle Kornmann, Benedicte Buffet, David Kremer, Patrick Kury, David Leppert, Thomas Ruckle, Frederik Barkhof
Summary: The study did not meet its primary endpoint, but at 48 weeks participants treated with 18 mg/kg temelimab had fewer new T1-hypointense lesions. They also showed consistent, although statistically non-significant, reductions in brain atrophy and magnetization transfer ratio decrease compared to the placebo/comparator group. These trends were sustained over 96 weeks with no safety issues emerging.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roseanne Sullivan, Ajay Kilaru, Bernhard Hemmer, Bruce Anthony Campbell Cree, Benjamin M. Greenberg, Uma Kundu, Thomas Hach, Virginia DeLasHeras, Brian J. Ward, Joseph Berger
Summary: A descriptive analysis of COVID-19 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving fingolimod or siponimod revealed that the risk of more severe COVID-19 in these patients seems to be similar to that reported in the general population and the MS population with COVID-19. However, limitations of spontaneous reporting, especially missing data, should be considered in the interpretation of these observations.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bruce A. C. Cree, Douglas L. Arnold, Robert J. Fox, Ralf Gold, Patrick Vermersch, Ralph H. B. Benedict, Amit Bar-Or, Daniela Piani-Meier, Nicolas Rouyrre, Shannon Ritter, Ajay Kilaru, Goeril Karlsson, Gavin Giovannoni, Ludwig Kappos
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of siponimod in the treatment of SPMS. The results showed that continuous use of siponimod reduced the risk of disability progression and worsening in cognitive processing speed, and sustained efficacy was observed in relapse rate, brain atrophy, and inflammatory disease activity. No new safety signals were identified over the long term.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Douglas L. Arnold, Daniela Piani-Meier, Amit Bar-Or, Ralph H. B. Benedict, Bruce A. C. Cree, Gavin Giovannoni, Ralf Gold, Patrick Vermersch, Sophie Arnould, Frank Dahlke, Thomas Hach, Shannon Ritter, Goeril Karlsson, Ludwig Kappos, Robert J. Fox
Summary: The study found that siponimod treatment can slow down brain tissue damage and myelination process in patients with multiple sclerosis. This provides important information for better understanding of brain tissue integrity in patients with multiple sclerosis.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stanley L. Cohan, Ralph H. B. Benedict, Bruce A. C. Cree, John DeLuca, Le H. Hua, Jerold Chun
Summary: Siponimod is an approved oral treatment for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, which targets the immune response and neural inflammation through regulating S1P(1) and S1P(5) receptors. It reduces lymphocyte migration to the central nervous system and exerts effects on various brain cells to decrease neurodegeneration and damage.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bruce A. C. Cree, Krzysztof W. Selmaj, Lawrence Steinman, Giancarlo Comi, Amit Bar-Or, Douglas L. Arnold, Hans-Peter Hartung, Xavier Montalban, Eva K. Havrdova, James K. Sheffield, Neil Minton, Chun-Yen Cheng, Diego Silva, Ludwig Kappos, Jeffrey A. Cohen
Summary: This study characterizes the long-term safety and efficacy of ozanimod in the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. The findings confirm a favorable safety profile and sustained benefit in clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging measures of disease activity.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Bruce A. C. Cree, Benjamin Greenberg, Chris Cameron, Brian G. Weinshenker
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hari V. V. Kalluri, Matthew R. R. Rosebraugh, Thomas P. P. Misko, Adam Ziemann, Wei Liu, Bruce A. C. Cree
Summary: This study focuses on the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of elezanumab in healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients. The results demonstrate that elezanumab does not cause adverse events and has dose-dependent increases in cerebrospinal fluid concentrations.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Bruce A. C. Cree
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Riley Bove, Shane Poole, Richard Cuneo, Sasha Gupta, Joseph Sabatino, Meagan Harms, Tifffany Cooper, William Rowles, Nicolette Miller, Refujia Gomez, Robin Lincoln, Kira McPolin, Kyra Powers, Adam Santaniello, Adam Renschen, Carolyn J. Bevan, Jeffrey M. Gelfand, Douglas S. Goodin, Chu-Yueh Guo, Andrew R. Romeo, Stephen L. Hauser, Bruce Anthony Campbell Cree, UCSF MS-EPIC Team
Summary: This study found that remote evaluations can reduce the costs of research participation for patients, while providing a reasonable evaluation of disability trajectory longitudinally. This could inform the design of remote research that is more inclusive of diverse participants.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tjalf Ziemssen, Virender Bhan, Jeremy Chataway, Tanuja Chitnis, Bruce Anthony Campbell Cree, Eva Kubala Havrdova, Ludwig Kappos, Pierre Labauge, Aaron Miller, Jin Nakahara, Celia Oreja-Guevara, Jacqueline Palace, Barry Singer, Maria Trojano, Ashwini Patil, Benedict Rauser, Thomas Hach
Summary: There are many challenges in accurately diagnosing and managing SPMS due to the lack of definitive criteria for the transition from RRMS to SPMS. This review discusses the diagnostic criteria/definition and the heterogeneity of SPMS patient populations, and emphasizes the importance of early identification through prospective/retrospective tools to improve outcomes with approved treatments. Effective interventions require ongoing patient-clinician dialogue within a multidisciplinary team.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bruce A. C. Cree, Rachel Maddux, Amit Bar-Or, Hans-Peter Hartung, Amandeep Kaur, Elizabeth Brown, Yicong Li, Yanhua Hu, James K. Sheffield, Diego Silva, Sarah Harris
Summary: This study investigated the serologic response, predictors of response, and clinical outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection in RMS patients treated with ozanimod. The results showed that most ozanimod-treated RMS patients mounted a serologic response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection, regardless of individual characteristics or lymphocyte count levels. Additionally, mRNA vaccination predicted higher levels of serum antibodies.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
