Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michelle D. Kelsey, Adam J. Nelson, Jennifer B. Green, Christopher B. Granger, Eric D. Peterson, Darren K. McGuire, Neha J. Pagidipati
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major concern for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and aggressive risk factor management is crucial for these high-risk patients. Recommendations and guidelines from professional societies in cardiology, endocrinology, nephrology, and general medicine in the United States and Europe provide guidance on cardiovascular risk reduction for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. While there are some differences in risk stratification, treatment targets for low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as the use of specific medications, overall there is significant alignment across recommendations from different professional societies.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anders Holt, Jarl E. Strange, Nina Nouhravesh, Sebastian Kinnberg Nielsen, Mariam Elmegaard Malik, Anne -Marie Schjerning, Lars Kober, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar H. Gislason, Patricia McGettigan, Morten Schou, Morten Lamberts
Summary: This study found an association between short-term use of NSAIDs and an increased risk of first-time hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients in subgroups with advanced age, elevated HbA1c levels, and new users of NSAIDs were particularly susceptible.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nikolaus Marx, Melanie J. Davies, Peter J. Grant, Chantal Mathieu, John R. Petrie, Francesco Cosentino, John B. Buse
Summary: Recent cardiovascular outcome trials in high-risk type 2 diabetes patients have improved our understanding of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors. However, differences in recommendations between endocrinologists and cardiologists may hinder evidence-based treatment for patients. Coordinated action is needed to integrate management approaches and ensure appropriate treatment for diabetes and cardiorenal disease patients.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Luigi Barrea, Claudia Vetrani, Massimiliano Caprio, Marwan El Ghoch, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Rucha J. Mehta, Verna Mendez, Eleonora Moriconi, Stavroula A. Paschou, Agnieszka Pazderska, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: This article reviews the evidence and uncertainties surrounding nutritional therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, providing guidance for clinical practice.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xin Tang, Roberta Diaz Brinton, Zhao Chen, Leslie Farland, Yann Klimentidis, Raymond Migrino, Peter Reaven, Kathleen Rodgers, Jin J. Zhou
Summary: This study found that the use of thiazolidinedione (TZD) medications was associated with a lower risk of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes, while the use of sulfonylurea (SU) medications was associated with a higher risk.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariusz Dabrowski
Summary: Cancer has become the leading cause of death in the European Union population under 65 in the last decade, with diabetes considered as a factor increasing cancer risk. Antidiabetic medications can affect cancer risk through various mechanisms, with some medications having beneficial effects while others may potentially be harmful. The use of inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) in type 2 diabetes treatment and their association with cancer risk requires further investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irena Patsan, Amanda Tapley, Peter Davoren, Alison Fielding, Elizabeth Holliday, Jean Ball, Andrew Davey, Mieke van Driel, Rachel Turner, Katie Mulquiney, Neil Spike, Kristen FitzGerald, Parker Magin
Summary: This study aimed to describe the temporal trends and associations of Australian general practitioner registrars' prescription and initiation of "new" second-line oral agents compared to sulphonylureas. The results showed a significant increase in the prescription and initiation of "new" medications compared to sulphonylureas over time, with less prescribing for non-English-speaking patients and regional variation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaushik Chattopadhyay, Nitin Kapoor, Michael Heinrich, Achintya Mitra, Madhukar Mittal, Sarah Anne Lewis, Sheila Margaret Greenfield, Shyamalendu Mukherjee, Ivo Pischel, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Nikhil Tandon, Sanjay Kinra, Tuhin Kanti Biswas, Jo Leonardi-Bee
Summary: A clinical guideline for Ayurvedic practitioners to manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults was systematically developed through systematic review, evaluation of effectiveness and safety, and guideline development process.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ana Almeida-Santos, Daniela Martins-Mendes, Magdalena Gaya-Vidal, Lucia Perez-Pardal, Albano Beja-Pereira
Summary: The study investigated the oral microbiome of T2DM patients from Portugal, finding no significant differences between the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients, except for the class Synergistia and genus TG5 which were more frequent in the control group, related to periodontitis. The similar microbiome profiles of medicated diabetics and the control group suggest that the relationship between T2DM and the oral microbiome may be more linked to lifestyle and diet rather than diabetes itself.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Darren K. McGuire, David D'Alessio, Stephen J. Nicholls, Steven E. Nissen, Jeffrey S. Riesmeyer, Imre Pavo, Shanthi Sethuraman, Cory R. Heilmann, John J. Kaiser, Govinda J. Weerakkody
Summary: Cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) of type 2 diabetes mellitus therapies have traditionally used placebo-controlled designs to establish non-inferiority. However, recent trials have shown that certain drugs can reduce cardiovascular risk. This poses new challenges for future trials, and this paper reviews methodological considerations in transitioning to active-controlled CVOTs and presents a statistical design that assesses non-inferiority and superiority using novel methods. The presented methods may serve as a model for future active-controlled CVOTs.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Mina Shahisavandi, Kan Wang, Mohsen Ghanbari, Fariba Ahmadizar
Summary: The spectrum of information related to precision medicine in diabetes includes clinical data, genetics, and omics-based biomarkers that can guide personalized decisions on diabetes care. Metabolomics, an emerging molecular approach, helps understand disease etiology and identify novel biomarkers for complex diseases. Metabolomics can investigate targeted or untargeted metabolites extracted from cells, biofluids, or tissues using high-throughput platforms like NMR and MS techniques. It is proposed as a valuable tool in precision diabetes medicine for discovering biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of diabetes through personalized phenotyping and individualized drug-response monitoring.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Annika Vestergaard Kvist, Mohamad I. Nasser, Peter Vestergaard, Morten Frost, Andrea M. Burden
Summary: A study in Denmark from 1997 to 2017 found that the incidence rates of fractures were higher in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes, except for foot fractures. The incidence of hip fractures decreased by 35.2%, 47.0%, and 23.4% in patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes, respectively, over the last 5 years. However, vertebral fractures increased by 14.8%, 18.5%, and 38.9% in the same groups. After age adjustment, patients with type 1 diabetes still had a higher risk of fractures compared to those without diabetes, while patients with type 2 diabetes had a risk similar to those without diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sanghwa Park, Jiseon Jeong, Yunna Woo, Yeo Jin Choi, Sooyoung Shin
Summary: This cohort study using Korean health insurance data found that DPP-4 inhibitors were not associated with an increased risk of infections in type 2 diabetes patients receiving insulin treatment, while SGLT-2 inhibitors were found to be associated with a higher risk of genital infections. No increased risk of urinary tract infections was observed with SGLT-2 inhibitors compared to metformin.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yujiao Li, Fei Qian, Xiaogang Cheng, Dan Wang, Yirong Wang, Yating Pan, Liyuan Chen, Wei Wang, Yu Tian
Summary: The incidence of oral diseases in type 2 diabetic patients might increase, and the severity might also be more serious. The relationship between oral microorganisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a hot topic in systemic health research. Our study first described the changes in the composition of oral microorganisms and their metabolites in T2DM who have not suffered any oral diseases and revealed the correlation between oral microorganisms and their metabolites, which will provide a direct basis for finding oral biomarkers for early warning of oral diseases in patients with T2DM.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Leila Ismail, Huned Materwala, Maryam Tayefi, Phuong Ngo, Achim P. Karduck
Summary: This research explores the classification of risk factors for diabetes and the use of machine learning algorithms to predict type 2 diabetes, comparing the effectiveness of multiple algorithms to provide a reference for future diagnosis and prevention.
ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marc Emmenegger, Elena De Cecco, David Lamparter, Raphael P. B. Jacquat, Julien Riou, Dominik Menges, Tala Ballouz, Daniel Ebner, Matthias M. Schneider, Itzel Condado Morales, Berre Dogancay, Jingjing Guo, Anne Wiedmer, Julie Domange, Marigona Imeri, Rita Moos, Chryssa Zografou, Leyla Batkitar, Lidia Madrigal, Dezirae Schneider, Chiara Trevisan, Andres Gonzalez-Guerra, Alessandra Carrella, Irina L. Dubach, Catherine K. Xu, Georg Meisl, Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis, Tomas Malinauskas, Nicola Burgess-Brown, Ray Owens, Stephanie Hatch, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Gavin R. Screaton, Katharina Schubert, John D. Huck, Feimei Liu, Florence Pojer, Kelvin Lau, David Hacker, Elsbeth Probst-Mueller, Carlo Cervia, Jakob Nilsson, Onur Boyman, Lanja Saleh, Katharina Spanaus, Arnold von Eckardstein, Dominik J. Schaer, Nenad Ban, Ching-Ju Tsai, Jacopo Marino, Gebhard F. X. Schertler, Nadine Ebert, Volker Thiel, Jochen Gottschalk, Beat M. Frey, Regina R. Reimann, Simone Hornemann, Aaron M. Ring, Tuomas P. J. Knowles, Milo A. Puhan, Christian L. Althaus, Ioannis Xenarios, David I. Stuart, Adriano Aguzzi
Summary: Effective public health measures against SARS-CoV-2 require understanding population-level immune responses. Researchers developed a blood immunoassay called TRABI to assess IgG response against SARS-CoV-2 proteins. They used TRABI for continuous seromonitoring of hospital patients and blood donors in Zurich from December 2019 to December 2020. Their findings revealed a decline in antibodies, an increase in cumulative incidence, and no difference in long-term complications between symptomatic and asymptomatic infections.
Letter
Respiratory System
Joan B. Soriano, Andreas Horner, Michael Studnicka, Don D. Sin, Milo A. Puhan, Martijn A. Spruit, Bernd Lamprecht
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeanne M. Clark, W. Timothy Garvey, Kevin D. Niswender, Ann Marie Schmidt, Rexford S. Ahima, Jose O. Aleman, Ashley N. Battarbee, Joshua Beckman, Wendy L. Bennett, Nancy J. Brown, Paula Chandler-Laney, Nancy Cox, Ira J. Goldberg, Kirk M. Habegger, Lorie M. Harper, Alyssa H. Hasty, Bertha A. Hidalgo, Sangwon F. Kim, Julie L. Locher, James M. Luther, Nisa M. Maruthur, Edgar R. Miller, Mary Ann Sevick, Quinn Wells
Summary: With the increasing global prevalence of overweight and obesity, there is an urgent need to understand the underlying mechanisms, discover new therapeutic targets, and identify biomarkers for obesity and weight loss interventions. The American Heart Association established a Strategically Focused Research Network (SFRN) on Obesity in 2016, which included four centers. These centers aimed to study mechanisms and therapeutic targets in obesity, train fellows, and foster collaborations. This review highlights the major findings, successful training, and collaborative efforts of these SFRN centers in advancing obesity research.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mina Stanikic, Eric Twomey, Milo A. Puhan, Christian P. Kamm, Anke Salmen, Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross, Chiara Zecca, Claudio Gobbi, Viktor von Wyl
Summary: The Swiss MS Registry conducted a survey on Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy, self-reported side effects, and changes in MS symptoms among people with MS. The results showed that vaccine hesitancy was low, and younger individuals, those with a history of Covid-19 infection, and those without regular contact with healthcare professionals were more likely to be hesitant.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sabatini Serena, Pacifico Deborah, Frei Anja, Graf Gwendolyn, Milo A. Puhan, Emiliano Albanese
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection on cognitive functioning. It found that serologically confirmed COVID-19 infection was associated with cognitive decline. Participants who received COVID-19 vaccination had better cognitive functioning, while those with a history of infection had poorer cognitive functioning. This study strengthens the evidence of COVID-19-related cognitive decline and highlights the importance of addressing it in clinical and public health areas.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Oliver Burzle, Dominik Menges, Julian D. Maier, Daniel Schams, Milo A. Puhan, Jan Fehr, Tala Ballouz, Anja Frei
Summary: Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for long-term control of SARS-CoV-2, but vaccine hesitancy and misinformation pose challenges. This study examined the experiences of 575 adults following vaccination and found that most participants reported mild or moderate adverse effects within 12 weeks, which resolved within three days and rarely led to severe reactions or hospitalizations.
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Fariba Abbassi, Carmen Walbert, Henrik Kehlet, Michael P. W. Grocott, Milo A. Puhan, Pierre-Alain Clavien
Summary: Standardised and universal perioperative endpoint reporting is crucial for evaluating outcomes and improving surgical quality. The Outcome4medicine and StEP-COMPAC initiatives have provided consensus recommendations and standardized measures for assessing surgical interventions, emphasizing the importance of integrating perspectives from different stakeholders.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nikolaos Perakakis, Hani Harb, Benjamin G. Hale, Zsuzsanna Varga, Charlotte Steenblock, Waldemar Kanczkowski, Vasileia Ismini Alexaki, Barbara Ludwig, Peter Mirtschink, Michele Solimena, Nicole Toepfner, Sebastian Zeissig, Manuel Gado, Irene Alma Abela, Felix Beuschlein, Giatgen A. Spinas, Claudia Cavelti-Weder, Philipp A. Gerber, Michael Huber, Alexandra Trkola, Milo A. Puhan, Wendy Wei-Lynn Wong, Andreas Linkermann, Viswanathan Mohan, Hendrik Lehnert, Peter Nawroth, Triantafyllos Chavakis, Geltrude Mingrone, Christian Wolfrum, Annelies S. Zinkernagel, Stefan Bornstein
Summary: This review explores the strong bidirectional feedback loop between viral infections and metabolic diseases, discussing the impact on human health and the challenges faced by the scientific and health communities.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Hosam H. Alkhatib, Mary Catherine Beach, Kelly A. Gebo, Eric B. Bass, Jenny R. Park, Meredith A. Atkinson, Sapna R. Kudchadkar, Stephen M. Sozio
Summary: This study examined the association between medical school Scholarly Concentrations (SC) programs and students' specialty choices. The results showed that students' interest in a specialty at baseline and their research productivity with SC mentors were associated with increased odds of entering a related specialty. However, completing an SC project did not increase the odds of matching into that specialty or a higher ranked program.
MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Susan M. Gross, Jennifer L. Lerman, Kristen M. Hurley, Maya Venkataramani, Ritu Sharma, S. Michelle Ogunwole, Allen Zhang, Wendy L. Bennett, Eric B. Bass, Laura E. Caulfield
Summary: Research on WIC participants has shown that there is no difference in breastfeeding initiation between WIC participants and WIC-eligible nonparticipants. However, the 2009 food package change may have improved breastfeeding exclusivity among WIC participants, and receiving breastfeeding support services may have improved breastfeeding initiation and duration.
ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Frances M. Wang, Henock G. Yebyo, Shoshana H. Ballew, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Cynthia Boyd, Milo A. Puhan, Kunihiro Matsushita, Michael J. Blaha, Nancy L. Schoenborn
Summary: Personalizing preventive therapies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is crucial for older adults who have multiple chronic conditions and may have different preferences when considering health outcomes. However, little is known about outcome preferences related to ASCVD preventive therapies in older adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marta Fadda, Matilde Melotto, Maria Caiata-Zufferey, Milo Alan Puhan, Anja Frei, Emiliano Albanese, Anne-Linda Camerini
Summary: This scoping review maps the evidence of COVID-19 lockdown impact on parents of children and adolescents, identifying affected parenting domains, describing challenges and opportunities, and defining factors modulating the effect of lockdown measures.
PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Guillaume Giudicelli, Daniel Gero, Lind Romulo, Vasu Chirumamilla, Pouya Iranmanesh, Christopher K. Owen, Wayne Bauerle, Amador Garcia, Lisa Lucas, Anne-Sophie Mehdorn, Dhananjay Pandey, Abdullah Almuttawa, Francisco Cabral, Abhishek Tiwari, Virginia Lambert, Beniamino Pascotto, Celine De Meyere, Marouan Yahyaoui, Thomas Haist, Oliver Scheffel, Maud Robert, Frederiek Nuytens, Santiago Azagra, Lilian Kow, Arun Prasad, Carlos Vaz, Michel Vix, Vivek Bindal, Jan H. Beckmann, David Soussi, Ramon Vilallonga, Maher El Chaar, Erik B. Wilson, Arif Ahmad, Andre Teixeira, Monika E. Hagen, Christian Toso, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Milo Puhan, Marco Bueter, Minoa K. Jung
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to establish the "best possible" outcomes for robotic bariatric surgery and compare them with laparoscopic benchmarks. The results suggest that robotic bariatric surgery may enhance surgical safety, although the duration of the operation is longer.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Manuel Weber, Kai-Uwe Schmitt, Anja Frei, Milo A. Puhan, Anja M. Raab
Summary: This study investigated the needs and preferences of community-dwelling older adults regarding digital interventions to promote physical activity. The results showed specific requirements in terms of design, technological realization, delivery mode, support, and individualization/personalization among the sample. These findings can inform the development of future digital interventions specifically tailored to older adults for promoting physical activity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
An-Shun Tai, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Yu-Cheng Chu, Tsung Yu, Milo A. A. Puhan, Tyler VanderWeele
Summary: In this study, we developed a novel methodology by extending the mediational g-formula to cover cases with multiple time-varying mediators. We showed the power of our approach by investigating the complex causal mechanism underlying the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, providing evidence for the mediating role of dyspnea and physical activity on the causal pathway from lung function impairment to health status.