Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Teresa Shamah-Levy, Lucia Cuevas-Nasu, Elsa B. Gaona-Pineda, Danae G. Valenzuela-Bravo, Ignacio Mendez Gomez-Humaran, Marco A. Avila-Arcos
Summary: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-age children in Mexico is on the rise, with serious repercussions for future health. Increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables can help reduce the prevalence of these conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdulrahman Altheaby, Nuha Alajlan, Mohammed F. Shaheen, Ghaleb Abosamah, Basma Ghallab, Basayl Aldawsari, Awatif Rashidi, Mohammed Gafar, Ziad Arabi
Summary: The study investigated the incidence of weight gain postrenal transplantation and identified potential risk factors, showing that patients with lower dialysis duration, a living kidney donor, and baseline obesity were more likely to gain weight. Close monitoring of weight changes in kidney transplant patients is necessary, and further research is needed to determine risk factors and appropriate interventions.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xijie Wang, Jie Hu, Sizhe Huang, Zhaogeng Yang, Yanhui Dong, Bin Dong, Jun Ma, Wannian Liang
Summary: As children grow older, those with a higher risk of overweight also have a higher risk of HBP. Children who transition from normal weight to overweight have a higher risk of developing HBP.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mi Kyoung Son, Dae Sub Song, Kyoungho Lee, Hyun-Young Park
Summary: This study aimed to identify modifiable risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) in the midlife general population and estimate their impact. The results showed that high systolic blood pressure, obesity with central obesity, and an inactive lifestyle were significantly associated with incident AF. Maintaining or achieving a lower burden of modifiable risk factors was associated with decreased AF risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seung-Woo Yang, Min-Jeong Oh, Keon-Vin Park, Sung-Won Han, Hee-Sun Kim, In-Sook Sohn, Han-Sung Kwon, Geum-Joon Cho, Han-Sung Hwang
Summary: The study found that preeclampsia can affect the body mass index and the incidence of obesity in offspring, even in cases where offspring were born with low birth weight. This may help explain the occurrence of various cardiovascular and metabolic complications in offspring affected by preeclampsia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Indah Suci Widyahening, Dhanasari Vidiawati, Trevino A. Pakasi, Pradana Soewondo, Abdillah Ahsan
Summary: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, and their risk factors are associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. This study investigated the NCD risk profile among university employees in Indonesia and its relationship with contracting COVID-19. The findings revealed a high prevalence of NCD risk factors among university administrative employees, which increased their susceptibility to COVID-19. The study highlights the urgent need for a behavioral intervention program to manage NCD risk factors at the university level.
Article
Virology
Chiung-Ju Hsu, Jia-Horung Hung, I-Huang Lin, Sung-Huei Tseng, Sheng-Hsiang Lin, Yi-Hsun Huang
Summary: This study found a significant correlation between a body mass index (BMI) >= 24 kg/m(2) and the recurrence of herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). Overweight and obesity were revealed as risk factors for HSK recurrence in patients receiving long-term antiviral prophylaxis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Praachi Das, Morganne Igoe, Suzanne Lenhart, Lan Luong, Cristina Lanzas, Alun L. Lloyd, Agricola Odoi
Summary: This study investigates the geographic disparities of COVID-19 risk and the associations between COVID-19 risk and socioeconomic, demographic, movement, and chronic disease factors in the Greater St. Louis Area of Missouri. The results show that there are geographic disparities in COVID-19 risk, and these risks are associated with sociodemographic factors, population movements, and obesity hospitalization risks. The findings highlight the importance of considering these factors in controlling and preventing COVID-19.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yun Gi Kim, Joo Hee Jeong, Seung-Young Roh, Kyung-Do Han, Yun Young Choi, Kyongjin Min, Jaemin Shim, Jong-Il Choi, Young-Hoon Kim
Summary: Based on a nationwide health insurance database, this study investigated the impact of body weight status on the risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). The study found that obesity, as measured by body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, was initially associated with increased risk of SCA, but this association disappeared after adjusting for other risk factors. The findings suggest that considering metabolic disorders, demographics, and social habits may provide better understanding and prevention of SCA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Domenico Iossa, Valeria Iorio, Irene Mattucci, Umberto Malgeri, Daniela Pinto, Roberto Andini, Ciro Maiello, Rosa Zampino
Summary: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication after heart transplant, sharing similarities with type 2 diabetes but also having specific causes. This study evaluated the incidence and risk factors of PTDM and studied its relationship with glucose metabolic alterations and heart transplant outcomes. The results showed that PTDM is closely related to BMI increase, metabolic syndrome development, and recipient survival.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shaun Scholes, Linda Ng Fat, Jennifer S. Mindell
Summary: The study found that hypertension remained stable among men with normal weight but decreased among men with obesity. Total diabetes and raised total cholesterol increased among adults with obesity, indicating the importance of national prevention efforts to combat the public health impact of excess adiposity.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandra C. Naaman, Sherry Shen, Meltem Zeytinoglu, Neil M. Iyengar
Summary: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Factors such as altered adipokine balance and chronic inflammation contribute to tumorigenesis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meg Lawless, Lenka H. Shriver, Laura Hubbs-Tait, Glade L. Topham, Taren Swindle, Amanda W. Harrist
Summary: This study found a significant association between weight in grade 3 and dietary restraint in grade 4 among children. However, dietary restraint in grade 3 was not associated with weight in grade 4. Child sex and race/ethnicity were not associated with BMIz or dietary restraint at any time point.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Svein O. Fredwall, Jennifer Linge, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard, Lisa Kjonigsen, Heidi Beate Eggesbo, Harald Weedon-Fekjaer, Ingeborg Beate Lidal, Grethe Manum, Ravi Savarirayan, Serena Tonstad
Summary: Despite a high BMI, cardiovascular risks in achondroplasia patients appeared similar or lower compared with controls, indicating that other factors might contribute to the increased mortality observed in this condition.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anela Halilagic, George Moschonis
Summary: Childhood obesity prevalence has been increasing in recent decades, with evidence suggesting that rapid infant growth may contribute to this trend. A systematic review found positive associations between infant growth rate and overweight, obesity, BMI, waist circumference, and body composition in childhood. Further research is needed to determine which specific stages of infancy carry a greater risk of adverse childhood outcomes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giacomo Zaccherini, Maurizio Baldassarre, Manuel Tufoni, Silvia Nardelli, Salvatore Piano, Carlo Alessandria, Sergio Neri, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Fabio Levantesi, Giorgio Bedogni, Marco Domenicali, Mauro Bernardi, Paolo Caraceni
Summary: This study assessed the impact of long-term albumin administration on hyponatremic patients with ascites enrolled in the ANSWER trial. The normalization rate of baseline hyponatremia and the 18-month incidence rate of at least moderate hyponatremia were evaluated. The results showed that albumin treatment had a higher hyponatremia normalization rate compared to standard medical treatment (45% vs 28%, P = 0.042 at 1 month). Long-term albumin administration ensured a lower incidence of at least moderate hyponatremia than standard medical treatment (incidence rate ratio: 0.245 [CI 0.167-0.359], P < 0.001).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Palmese, Maria Elena Bonavita, Enrico Pompili, Maria Teresa Migliano, Nicola Reggidori, Cecilia Di Stefano, Marta Grieco, Stefano Colazzo, Manuel Tufoni, Maurizio Baldassarre, Paolo Caraceni, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Fabrizio Giostra, Gabriele Farina, Rossella Del Toro, Giorgio Bedogni, Marco Domenicali
Summary: This study assessed long-term mortality and its association with chronic alcohol-related diseases in patients with acute alcoholic intoxication. The results showed that patients with alcohol use disorder, substance use disorder, and liver cirrhosis had higher death rates compared to the general population, indicating a clear excess of mortality.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Rita Nocerino, Serena Coppola, Laura Carucci, Anna Fiorenza de Giovanni di Santa Severina, Franca Oglio, Roberta de Michele, Ilaria di Sessa, Antonio Masino, Giorgio Bedogni, Roberto Berni Canani
Summary: This study investigated the tolerability and immune tolerance acquisition rate in infants with cow's milk allergy (CMA) who were treated with amino acid-based formula (AAF) and then switched to EHCF + LGG, a formula containing the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. The results showed that after 12 months of treatment, the immune tolerance acquisition rate to cow milk proteins was higher in the EHCF + LGG group compared to the AAF group.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgio Bedogni, Francesco Palmese, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi
Summary: The article discusses two controversial issues in fatty liver research: the proposal to replace nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and the suggestion to extend noninvasive testing for liver fibrosis from secondary care to primary care.
CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Giovanni Autore, Luca Bernardi, Filippo Ghidini, Claudio La Scola, Alberto Berardi, Giacomo Biasucci, Federico Marchetti, Andrea Pasini, Maria Elena Capra, Claudia Castellini, Vera Cioni, Sante Cantatore, Andrea Cella, Francesca Cusenza, Alessandro De Fanti, Elisa Della Casa Muttini, Margherita Di Costanzo, Alessandra Dozza, Claudia Gatti, Cristina Malaventura, Luca Pierantoni, Giovanni Parente, Gabriella Pelusi, Serafina Perrone, Laura Serra, Francesco Torcetta, Enrico Valletta, Gianluca Vergine, Francesco Antodaro, Andrea Bergomi, Jennifer Chiarlolanza, Laura Leoni, Franco Mazzini, Roberto Sacchetti, Agnese Suppiej, Lorenzo Iughetti, Andrea Pession, Mario Lima, Susanna Esposito
Summary: Low-dose continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) is commonly used to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children, but its efficacy is controversial. This systematic review found that CAP has a limited role in preventing UTI recurrences and complications in children, while also posing a risk of emerging antimicrobial resistances.
Review
Pediatrics
Alessia Pancaldi, Marisa Pugliese, Camilla Migliozzi, Johanna Blom, Monica Cellini, Lorenzo Iughetti
Summary: Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are the most common solid tumors diagnosed in children and the leading cause of cancer death and morbidity in this age group. Long-term cognitive and neuropsychological deficits are the most disabling effects of brain tumors in children. Understanding the risk factors and monitoring strategies for cognitive and neuropsychological impairment in pediatric brain tumor patients is crucial.
Review
Pediatrics
Dario Iafusco, Roberto Franceschi, Alice Maguolo, Salvatore Guercio Nuzio, Antonino Crino, Maurizio Delvecchio, Lorenzo Iughetti, Claudio Maffeis, Valeria Calcaterra, Melania Manco
Summary: Type 2 diabetes develops within the context of metabolic syndrome and is influenced by a continuum of risk factors, including visceral obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal blood lipids, and impaired glucose control. This condition places a significant burden on beta-cell function during puberty, leading to irreversible deterioration and the onset of diabetes. This review aims to identify age-specific risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth, summarize screening and diagnostic criteria, and explore potential treatment options. Visceral obesity and disrupted lipid metabolism are key factors in disease development. Genetic susceptibility to impaired beta-cell function in the presence of obesity and insulin resistance explains why some obese adolescents develop diabetes at a young age while others do not. Lifestyle interventions focusing on a healthy diet and physical activity remain the primary treatment approach for youth with type 2 diabetes. However, pharmacological management using common drugs, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and sodium-dependent glucose transport inhibitors, as well as new weight-reducing medications, like glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, could revolutionize the management of this disease. These medications have the potential to not only treat diabetes but also alleviate the burden of metabolic abnormalities associated with the syndrome and lead to significant weight loss.
Article
Pediatrics
Marco Lecis, Katia Rossi, Maria Elena Guerzoni, Ilaria Mariotti, Lorenzo Iughetti
Summary: DGAA is a fatal disease that typically presents in infancy and is characterized by cardiomyopathy and severe generalized hypotonia. Early diagnosis and initiation of enzyme replacement therapy are crucial to prevent disease progression and improve outcomes.
CASE REPORTS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Enrico Pompili, Maurizio Baldassarre, Giacomo Zaccherini, Manuel Tufoni, Giulia Iannone, Dario Pratelli, Francesco Palmese, Luca Vizioli, Chiara Faggiano, Giorgio Bedogni, Marco Domenicali, Paolo Caraceni
Summary: This study aimed to characterize unscheduled readmissions and identify predictors of 30-day readmission in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The results showed that early liver-related readmission was associated with higher 1-year mortality, and the model for end-stage liver disease-sodium score and low hemoglobin level at discharge were identified as independent risk factors for early readmissions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabrizia Carli, Silvia Sabatini, Melania Gaggini, Anna Maria Sironi, Giorgio Bedogni, Amalia Gastaldelli
Summary: This study found that a fatty liver index (FLI) greater than 60 is associated with a high risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. FLI was also positively associated with cardiac fat, visceral fat, and components of metabolic syndrome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Enrico Pompili, Maurizio Baldassarre, Giorgio Bedogni, Giacomo Zaccherini, Giulia Iannone, Clara De Venuto, Dario Pratelli, Francesco Palmese, Marco Domenicali, Paolo Caraceni
Summary: The PREDICT study found that acutely decompensated patients with cirrhosis can have three different clinical trajectories: pre-ACLF, unstable decompensated cirrhosis (UDC), and stable decompensated cirrhosis (SDC). This study aimed to validate these trajectories and identify predictors for each trajectory.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Viola Trevisani, Eleonora Balestri, Manuela Napoli, Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi, Maria Chiara Baroni, Francesca Peluso, Anna Colonna, Lorenzo Iughetti, Giancarlo Gargano, Andrea Superti-Furga, Livia Garavelli
Summary: This article describes a case of a newborn with wide-spaced eyes, a broad nose, and two separate mouths. Through a systematic review of the literature, it was found that almost all cases described as diprosopus have central nervous system abnormalities, with many cases also having other associated anomalies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Licia Lugli, Elisabetta Garetti, Bianca Maria Goffredo, Francesco Candia, Sara Crestani, Caterina Spada, Isotta Guidotti, Luca Bedetti, Francesca Miselli, Elisa Muttini Della Casa, Maria Federica Roversi, Raffaele Simeoli, Sara Cairoli, Daniele Merazzi, Paola Lago, Lorenzo Iughetti, Alberto Berardi
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of fentanyl in full-term newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who have undergone therapeutic hypothermia (TH). By measuring fentanyl plasma concentrations, the study aims to optimize the dosing regimen of fentanyl during TH.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Viola Trevisani, Lorenzo Iughetti, Laura Lucaccioni, Barbara Predieri
Summary: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy can modulate the immune response against cancer, but it can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This review focuses on irAEs affecting the endocrine system, including thyroid dysfunctions, immune-related hypophysitis, diabetes, adrenal insufficiency, and hypoparathyroidism.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Claudio Maffeis, Francesca Olivieri, Giuliana Valerio, Elvira Verduci, Maria Rosaria Licenziati, Valeria Calcaterra, Gloria Pelizzo, Mariacarolina Salerno, Annamaria Staiano, Sergio Bernasconi, Raffaele Buganza, Antonino Crino, Nicola Corciulo, Domenico Corica, Francesca Destro, Procolo Di Bonito, Mario Di Pietro, Anna Di Sessa, Luisa deSanctis, Maria Felicia Faienza, Grazia Filannino, Danilo Fintini, Elena Fornari, Roberto Franceschi, Francesca Franco, Adriana Franzese, Lia Franca Giusti, Graziano Grugni, Dario Iafusco, Lorenzo Iughetti, Riccardo Lera, Raffaele Limauro, Alice Maguolo, Valentina Mancioppi, Melania Manco, Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice, Anita Morandi, Beatrice Moro, Enza Mozzillo, Ivana Rabbone, Paola Peverelli, Barbara Predieri, Salvo Purromuto, Stefano Stagi, Maria Elisabeth Street, Rita Tanas, Gianluca Tornese, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Malgorzata Wasniewska
Summary: This position statement provides updated information on the various components of obesity therapy in children and adolescents, including lifestyle intervention, drugs, and surgery. It highlights the importance of lifestyle intervention as the first step, followed by pharmacotherapy for children over 12 years old, and bariatric surgery for selected cases. The introduction of new drugs and ongoing clinical trials offer promising advancements in the medical treatment of obesity in this population.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)